different basic attitudes in the beholder. Accordingly, the reflective problem arises as to the relative validity for the artistic purpose of these two modes of appeal and the elements of human character to which they severally are directed. Which of these two statues is likely to be more permanently satisfying as an artistic portrayal of Lincoln, and by what standard shall we answer such a question?

poems

Our selections from literature will be confined to brief quoted in their entirety, since summaries of novels or dramas could hardly be adequate to bring out clearly the logical questions which now occupy us. The selections will aim not merely to carry on the consideration, under this new medium, of the issue between idealism and realism, but also to reveal to some extent the difference between art that conforms closely to the rules established by past successful appeals to enjoyment and which have thus become classic standards for artistic performance, and art which delights in breaking free from all these rules and experimenting in quite novel and untrammeled ways, requiring of the reader a flexibility of feeling and a continual reconstruction of his conceptions of measure and rhythm.

First consider two poetic expressions of the feeling of appreciative loyalty to the community to which one belongs. One is Tennyson's "National Song" to England.

There is no land like England,
Where'er the light of day be;

There are no hearts like English hearts,
Such hearts of oak as they be.

There is no land like England,
Where'er the light of day be;
There are no men like Englishmen,
So tall and bold as they be.

CHORUS

For the French the Pope may shrive 'em,

For the devil a whit we heed 'em:

As for the French, God speed 'em
Unto their hearts' desire,

And the merry devil drive 'em

Through the water and the fire.

From

literature

FULL CHORUS

Our glory is our freedom,
We lord it o'er the sea;
We are the sons of freedom,
We are free.

There is no land like England,

Where'er the light of day be;

There are no wives like English wives,
So fair and chaste as they be.

There is no land like England,

Where'er the light of day be;

There are no maids like English maids,
So beautiful as they be.

CHORUS, ETC.

The other is Carl Sandburg's poem "Chicago." 1

Hog-butcher for the world,

Tool-maker, Stacker of wheat,

Player with Railroads and the Nation's Freight-handler;
Stormy, husky, brawling,

City of the Big Shoulders:

They tell me you are wicked and I believe them, for I have seen your painted women under the gas lamps luring the farm boys.

And they tell me you are crooked, and I answer: Yes, it is true I have seen the gunman kill and go free to kill again.

And they tell me you are brutal and my reply is: On the faces of women and children I have seen the marks of wanton hunger.

And having answered so I turn once more to those who sneer at this my city, and I give them back the sneer and say to them,

Come and show me another city with lifted head singing so proud to be alive and coarse and strong and cunning.

Flinging magnetic curses amid the toil of piling job on job, here is a tall bold slugger set vivid against the little soft cities;

Fierce as a dog with tongue lapping for action, cunning as a savage pitted against the wilderness,

Bareheaded,
Shoveling,

Wrecking,

'By permission of the publishers, Henry Holt and Co.