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bathroom and nurse's room. The flat above is similar to this, and used for gynecology, with similar accommodation in the isolation wing for septic gynecological cases.

The attics have a large bedroom and sitting-room for waiters on, bedrooms for ten pupils, also rooms for nurses and maids. There is on this flat a well aired and well ventilated room for patients' clothes, but this would be much better provided on basement.

Heating and ventilation.-The whole building is heated by circulating hot-water pipes. Corridors, baths, and closets are lighted by gas; all the other parts are lighted by electric light. There is a ward kitchen on each flat. Bathrooms are placed on the middle of each wing, and are on opposite side of corridor from wards.

The sketches (Figs. 1 and 2, pp. 408 and 409) give an idea of the arrangement of the wards, &c.

FREIBURG FRAUENKLINIK.

This hospital has a new maternity department, and the old hospital is used for the accommodation of septic cases, laboratory, and museum. This hospital is constructed on the corridor system, all the wards opening off a wide corridor. The wards are small, and contain six or eight beds. The labour-room is badly placed, and not well ventilated; it is placed between the old and new buildings, and has windows only on one side. There is no lift, patients requiring to be carried up and down stairs. The room for waiters on is much too crowded-the beds nearly touch each other. There is nothing specially noteworthy about the bathroom and lavatories. The septic cases seem to be thoroughly isolated, and the house surgeon who takes charge of this department does not enter the new maternity hospital.

HEIDELBERG FRAUENKLINIK.

This is practically a new hospital, and consists of 42 beds for maternity patients and 58 for gynæcological patients. There are, on an average, 500 midwifery cases in the year. The front of the building faces the north, and at each end there is a wing which runs north and south. At the main entrance there is a porter's room, with a bed and the other necessary furnishings. Adjoining this is a waiting-room for patients. On passing to the left, you enter a corridor 8 ft. wide. Next the patients' waiting-room there is an entrance bathroom, with an examination-room adjoining. On passing

through swing doors, we come to the labour-room, which has 4 beds and a good north light; it measures 26 ft. by 24 ft.; the floors are terraza and the walls are tiled. Adjoining it is an operating theatre, with seats for 60 students; it has a large north light. There is also a smaller operating theatre, 26 by 16 by 13 ft. high, with a common sterilising-room 12 by 10 ft., a robing-room, and an anæsthetic-room, 12 by 9 ft., which serve for both theatres and the labour-room. From a corridor running north and south on the east wing of the building we have the whole of the one side occupied by wards for midwifery patients; the wards do not contain more than 6 beds, and there is a nurses' room at end of corridor. On

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the other side of the corridor we have at one end a ward kitchen and at other end bathroom and lavatories; bathroom has a portable bath. There is a short wing, running off the main corridor on the left, which provides accommodation for private patients. The flat above is used for gynæcological patients, and its arrangements are similar to the flat below. There is no special bathing-room for infants in this hospital, but there is a portable bath in each corridor.

The nursing staff consists of 3 sisters, 13 nurses, and 17 pupils. The old hospital, which is now used for septic cases, has 8 beds for patients, with an operating-room, &c., and accommodation for its own staff. There is a separate house

surgeon for this department, who resides in this building, and does not take any part in the general maternity or gynæcological work.

The labour-room, operating-rooms, and sterilising-rooms are well arranged.

By the kindness of the architect, I am enabled to give the accompanying sketch (Fig. 3, p. 411) of this department.

The fittings in the operating-rooms are worthy of special note. In the sterilising-room there is a large tank in which the hot and cold water are mixed to the required temperature, indicated on a thermometer placed on the discharge pipe, so that the operator only requires to use one foot plug, and he

FIG. 4.

has a copious spray of tepid water into a basin which is large enough to contain both arms at once. These basins measure 31 in. by 24 in. inside measurement, and 5 in. deep.

The beds and cots are of special design, and are exceedingly convenient. The cot is hung on the foot of the bed during the day, and can be removed and fixed on the side of the bed at night within easy reach of the mother. The bed and cot together cost about £5, and are made by G. C. Maquet, Heidelberg (Fig. 4).

The complete isolation of the septic cases is carefully carried out, and abortion cases are treated in the midwifery department.

HALLE FRAUENKLINIK.

This is an old building constructed on the corridor system. The wards are small, and provide accommodation for six or eight patients each. There is a well-equipped laboratory and museum, but the operating theatres and labour-room and lavatory fittings are old and not up to date.

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This building was opened in 1892. Owing to the shape of the site, the main entrance had to be placed at the corner of a

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