Eleven ships brought over 167,961 lbs.: how much did. each bring? 47,698 persons went to a show in a week: how many daily? VIII. To divide by 10, 100, 1000, etc., cut off 1, 2, 3, etc., noughts. To divide by 20, 30, etc.; 200, 300, etc.; 2000, 3000, etc., cut off noughts as before, and divide by 2, 3, etc. IX. To multiply by 25, add 2 noughts and divide by 4, since 25 is the fourth part of 100. 61,798 x 25 81,679 × 25 167,941 × 25 179,467 × 25 X. To multiply by 125, add 3 noughts and divide by 8, since 8 x 125 = 1000. 81,479 × 125 818,179 x 125 147,011 x 125 841,791 x 125 To multiply by 5, add nought and divide by 2. XI. To divide by 5, double the number and cut off last figure. To divide by 25, multiply by 4 and cut off 2 figures. 816,798 25 25 81,476 25 131,701 ÷ 25 XII. How many lbs. in 16,870 oz. (16 oz. = 1 lb.) ? How many feet in 119,981 inches (12 inches = 1 foot)? Convert 607,918 farthings into pence. Turn 81,479 pence into shillings. How many pounds in 607,198 shillings? There are 278 boys in 12 desks: how many boys are there in each desk? Share £197 10s. among 12 boys. Divide a sovereign equally among 16 boys. If you can buy 4 lbs. of tea for 10s., what quantity can you buy for a sovereign ? Eleven boys cost at school 121,099 pence: what does each cost? In making problems, bear in mind the actual necessities of the working classes. MENTAL ARITHMETIC (STANDARD II.). (Continued from Scheme in Standard I.) Extension of Money, Measure, and Time. I. Association of numbers and value up to 20s. 20s. = two 10s., four 5s., eight 2s. 6d., ten 2s., forty 6d., sixty 4d., eighty 3d., one hundred and twenty 2d., two hundred and forty ld., four hundred and eighty d., nine hundred and sixty d. pieces. II. Association of number and weight up to 1 lb. (16 oz.). 1 lb. = two 8 ozs. or lb., etc.; to be extended same as the above. III. 1 Hour = 60 minutes, subdivided as the above into aliquot parts, hr., hr. 30 minutes, 15 mins. = NOTE. Time to be taken as measure of distance; 1 hour walking a distance of 3 miles, etc. This would be useful in planning rough maps, or extended plans of streets, town, and villages round the country. Walking out of town in different directions measured by the time it takes. IV. Full knowledge of numbers up to 144, both in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. In measuring, children should draw plans of houses, fields, roads, towns, including length, shape, size, direction of slope, as well as points of the compass. PRACTICAL HINTS BY H.M.'s INSPECTORS ON ARITHMETIC (STANDARD II.). "The failures in Arithmetic in Standard II. are due mainly to an imperfect acquaintance with the multiplication table and defective notation."-MR. LOMAX. "In Standard II. a disappointed teacher often exclaims that the failing pupils can do much harder sums. The fact is they have been taught to do sums of one special type. It may be they have been taught to expect a certain number of figures, a less number staggers them, and they intercalate a cipher at random to complete the accustomed number."MR. BALMER. Problems of the easiest kind are seldom touched, or if so, only to show the most lamentable want of understanding. I hardly ever hear an Arithmetic lesson given but the same defect is glaringly apparent. The children are taught to calculate, but not to apply, while the very principles on which their calculations rest remain a hidden mystery to them.”—MR. CODD. "The late Dean Dawes used to make the children mentally calculate the length of the room, or the area of the window, and then verify their calculations by the two foot rule.”MR. WARBURTON. CHAPTER XI. CLASS SUBJECTS: SCHEDULE II. (STANDARD II.). "The Class Subjects should be taught by means of reading-books and oral lessons, illustrated, so far as possible, by maps, diagrams, specimens, and simple experiments." I. ENGLISH. To repeat forty lines of poetry, and to know their meaning; to point out nouns and verbs.' II. GEOGRAPHY (see p. 61). "The size and shape of the world. Geographical terms simply explained, and illustrated by reference to map of England; physical geography of hills and rivers." III. ELEMENTARY SCIENCE.-("A progressive course of simple lessons in some of the following topics adapted to cultivate habits of exact observation, statement, and reasoning.") "Common objects, such as familiar animals, plants, and substances employed in ordinary life." (New Code, 1883.) (See Instructions to Inspectors on Class Subjects.) ENGLISH. This subject consists of the repetition of poetry, and the grammar of the noun and verb. In the selection of the poetry the remarks on Standard I. should be attended to, but the poetry for Standard II. |