of Congress shall be privileged in the same manner and to the same extent as a concurrent resolution of the type described in section 5(c) of Public Law 93-148 is privileged under section 7 of such law.3

SEC. 3. The United States civilian personnel participating in the early warning system in Sinai shall include only individuals who have volunteered to participate in such system.

SEC. 4. Whenever United States civilian personnel, pursuant to this resolution, participate in an early warning system, the President shall, so long as the participation of such personnel continues, submit written reports to the Congress periodically, but no less frequently than once every six months, on (1) the status, scope, and anticipated duration of their participation, and (2) the feasibility of ending or reducing as soon as possible their participation by substituting nationals of other countries or by making technological changes. The appropriate committees of the Congress shall promptly hold hearings on each report of the President and report to the Congress any findings, conclusions, and recommendations.

SEC. 5. The authority contained in this joint resolution to implement the "United States Proposal for the Early Warning System in Sinai" does not signify approval of the Congress of any other agreement, understanding, or commitment made by the executive branch.

3 50 U.S.C. 1544, 1546. War Powers Resolution. For text, see page 1369.

4. Tonkin Gulf Resolution

Public Law 88-408 [H.J. Res. 1145], 78 Stat. 384, approved August 10, 1964

A JOINT RESOLUTION To promote the maintenance of international peace and security in Southeast Asia.

[Whereas naval units of the Communist regime in Vietnam, in violation of the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and of international law, have deliberately and repeatedly attacked United States naval vessels lawfully present in international waters, and have thereby created a serious threat to international peace; and

[Whereas these attacks are part of a deliberate and systematic campaign of aggression that the Communist regime in North Vietnam has been waging against its neighbors and the nations joined with them in the collective defense of their freedom; and [Whereas the United States is assisting the peoples of southeast Asia to protect their freedom and has no territorial, military or political ambitions in that area, but desires only that these peoples should be left in peace to work out their own destinies in their own way: Now, therefore, be it

[Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Congress approves and supports the determination of the President, as Commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression.

[SEC. 2. The United States regards as vital to its national interest and to world peace the maintenance of international peace and security in southeast Asia. Consonant with the Constitution of the United States and the Charter of the United Nations and in accordance with its obligations under the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, the United States is, therefore, prepared, as the President determines, to take all necessary steps, including the use of armed force, to assist any member or protocol state of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty requesting assistance in defense of its freedom.

[SEC. 3. This resolution shall expire when the President shall determine that the peace and security of the area is reasonably assured by international conditions created by action of the United Nations or otherwise, except that it may be terminated earlier by concurrent resolution of the Congress.]

NOTE.-Sec. 12 of Public Law 91-672, the Foreign Military Sales Act Amendments, approved January 12, 1971, provided that the joint resolution should terminate effective January 2, 1971. (See Legislation on Foreign Relations Through 1993, vol. I, page 564.) See also, S. Con. Res. 64, passed July 10, 1970.

5. National Commitment

Senate Resolution 85, 91st Congress, Report No. 91-129, agreed to June 25, 1969

RESOLUTION

Whereas accurate definition of the term "national commitment" in recent years has become obscured: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That (1) a national commitment for the purpose of this resolution means the use of the Armed Forces of the United States on foreign territory, or a promise to assist a foreign country, government, or people by the use of the Armed Forces or financial resources of the United States, either immediately or upon the happening of certain events, and (2) it is the sense of the Senate that a national commitment by the United States results only from affirmative action taken by the executive and legislative branches of the United States Government by means of a treaty, statute, or concurrent resolution of both Houses of Congress specifically providing for such commitment.

6. North Atlantic Alliance

a. Cooperative Agreements With NATO Allies and Other

Countries

Title 10, United States Code, Chapter 138, as enacted by Public Law 96-323 [North Atlantic Treaty Organizational Mutual Support Act of 1979, H.R. 5580], 94 Stat. 1016, approved August 4, 1980; and amended by Public Law 97-22 [Defense Officer Personnel Management Act Technical Corrections Act, H.R. 3807], 95 Stat. 124 at 138, approved July 10, 1981; Public Law 97-252 [Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1983; S. 2248], 96 Stat. 757, approved September 8, 1982; Public Law 98-525 [Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1985; H.R. 5167], 98 Stat. 2492, approved October 19, 1984; Public Law 99-145 [Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986; S. 1160], 99 Stat. 583, approved November 8, 1985; Public Law 99-661 [National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1987, S. 2638] 100 Stat. 3816, approved November 14, 1986; Public Law 100-26 [Defense Technical Corrections Act of 1987, H.R. 1783], 101 Stat. 273, approved April 27, 1987; Public Law 101-189 [National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991, H.R. 2461], 103 Stat. 1352 at 1531, approved November 29, 1989; Public Law 101-510 [National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991, H.R. 4739], 104 Stat. 1485, approved November 5, 1990; Public Law 102-25 [Persian Gulf Conflict Supplemental Authorization and Personnel Benefits Act of 1991, S. 725], 105 Stat. 75, approved April 6, 1991; Public Law 102-190 [National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993, H.R. 2100], 105 Stat. 1290, approved December 5, 1991; Public Law 102-484 [National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1993, H.R. 5006], 106 Stat. 2315, approved October 23, 1992; Public Law 103-160 [National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994; H.R. 2401], 107 Stat. 1547, approved November 30, 1993

CHAPTER 138-COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS WITH NATO ALLIES AND OTHER COUNTRIES 1

SUBCHAPTER I-ACQUISITION AND CROSS-SERVICING AGREEMENTS 1

1

§ 2341.2 Authority to acquire logistic support, supplies, and services for elements of the armed forces deployed outside the United States 3

Subject to section 2343 of this title and subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary of Defense may

(1) acquire from the Governments of North Atlantic Treaty Organization countries and from North Atlantic Treaty Organization subsidiary bodies logistic support, supplies, and serv

1 Sec. 931 of Public Law 101-189 (103 Stat. 1531) retitled chapter 138, redesignated secs. 23412350 as "subchapter I" and added "subchapter II" with secs. 2350a-2350f. Secs. 2350a-2350f are also included in Legislation on Foreign Relations Through 1993, vol. I-B. Chapter 138 was formerly titled "North Atlantic Treaty Organization Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreements". 2 Originally enacted as secs. 2321-2331, sec. 1304 of the Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 (Public Law 99-145; 99 Stat. 741), redesignated secs. 2321 through 2328 as 2341 through 2348; repealed sec. 2329; and redesignated secs. 2330 and 2331 as secs. 2349 and 2350. 3 Sec. 1104(a) of Public Law 99-661 (100 Stat. 3963) restated secs. 2341 and 2342. Previously, sec. 1304(a)(1) and (4) of Public Law 99-145 (99 Stat. 741) redesignated and amended these sections.