Cox, Jacob Dolson, American soldier: b. Montreal 27 Oct. 1828; d. Magnolia, Mass, 4 Aug. 1900. He was graduated at Cambridge in 1844, becoming a lawyer; but upon the outbreak of the Civil War was made brigadier-general of Ohio Volunteers. In 1862 he became MajorGeneral of the United States Volunteers, and in 1864 commanded a division at Nashville. He was elected governor of Ohio in 1865, and in 1869 became Secretary of the Interior in President Grant's cabinet.

Cox, John, Canadian educator: b. London, England, 1851. He was graduated at Cambridge in 1874, becoming a Fellow of Trinity, and in 1887 Warden of Cavendish College, Cambridge. He entered the University Extension movement, and in 1889 went to Canada, becoming professor of physics in McGill University, a post he has since retained.

Cox, Kenyon, American painter: b. Warren, Ohio, 27 Oct. 1856. He is a son of J. D. Cox (q.v.). After studying in Paris under Duran and Gerome, he settled in New York in 1883 as a portrait and figure artist. Among important pictures by him are 'Jacob Wrestling with the Angel'; 'Vision of Moonrise'; 'Painting and Poetry'; 'Flying Shadows.' illustrator also he takes high rank, his designs for Rosetti's 'Blessed Damozel' being well known, and he has written many able art criti

cisms and reviews.

As an

He is a member of the Society of American Artists, and of the Architectural League, New York.

Cox, Louise Howland King, American artist: b. San Francisco, Cal., 1865. She is a pupil of the National Academy of Design, and of Kenyon Cox (q.v.), whom she married 30 June 1892. In 1896 she won the 3rd Hallgarten prize of the National Academy of Design, and in 1900 was awarded a bronze medal at the Paris Exposition.

Cox, Millard F., "HENRY SCOTT CLARK," American lawyer and writer: b. Noblesville, Ind., 25 Feb. 1856. He was admitted to the bar in 1880; was assistant reporter of the Indiana Supreme Court 1885-9, and judge of the Indianapolis criminal court 1890-4. In 1899 he published, under the pen name of "Henry Scott Clark," The Legionaries; a Story of the Great Raid.'

Cox, Palmer, American artist and writer for young people: b. Granby, Quebec, 28 April 1840. Since 1875 his home has been in New York. His works are both written and illustrated by himself. He is best known by his 'Brownie Books,' a very popular series contain

terian clergyman: b. Rahway, N. J., 25 Aug. Cox, Samuel Hanson, American Presby1793; d. Bronxville, Westchester County, N. Y., 2 Oct. 1881. He began the study of law, but abandoned it for theology, was ordained by the New Jersey presbytery I July 1817, and became pastor of the Spring Street Presbyterian Church in New York in 1820. He took a prominent part in the anti-slavery agitation; was pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn, N. Y., 1837-54, and during a considerable part of the time was also professor of ecclesiastical history in Union Theological Seminary. He was a prominent member of the New School branch of Presbyterianism, and several times represented it at European gatherings. The last 20 years of his life were spent chiefly in retirement. He published Quakerism not Christianity) (1833); Interviews, Memorable and Useful, from Diary and Memory Reproduced' (1853); and edited Bower's "History of the Popes' (1847).

Cox, Samuel Sullivan, American statesman and author: b. Zanesville, Ohio, 30 Sept. 1824; d. New York 10 Sept 1889. He was a Democratic member of Congress from Ohio 1857-65; and from New York 1869-85, and 1886-9. He was also for a short time minister to Turkey. He was a popular lecturer and published Eight Years in Congress' (1865); Why We Laugh' (1876); Diversions of a Diplomat in Turkey) (1887); A Buckeye Abroad'; 'Arctic Sunbeams); Orient Sunbeams'; 'Search for Winter Sunbeams'; 'Free Land and Free Trade'; etc.

Coxal'gia, or Coxitis. See COCCYGODYNIA.

ish painter and engraver: b. Mechlin 1497; d. Coxcie, kōk'sē, or Cocxie, Michael, Flemthere 10 March 1592. He was a pupil of Bernard van Orley, and traveled to Rome, where he remained several years, attracted by the works of Raphael, with whom he was probably personally acquainted. Here he executed several paintings in fresco, and many other pieces. He also painted the 'History of Cupid and Psyche,' in the style of Raphael, which was engraved on 32 copper-plates. In the Imperial Gallery of Vienna we find a Madonna with the Infant Jesus by him. His works are rare, even in the Netherlands.

Coxe, Arthur Cleveland, American Protestant Episcopal prelate, and author: b. Mendham, N. J., 10 May 1818; d. Clifton Springs, N. Y., 20 July 1896. He was a son of S. H. Cox (q.v.), but adopted an older spelling of his surname. He took orders in the Episcopal Church in 1841; and after holding rectorships at Hartford, Conn., Baltimore, Md., and New York was consecrated Bishop of Western New York in 1865. He was a vigorous, powerful prose writer, and his 'Christian Ballads' (1840) was long popular. His other works include Athanasion and Other Poems' (1842); Saul, a Mystery, and Other Poems' (1845); Thoughts on the Services'; 'Impressions of England' (1865); The Criterion' (1866);

'Apolos, or the Way of God' (1873); 'Institutes of Christian History) (1887); The Pascal,' a collection of Eastern poems (1889); etc. Coxe, koks, Reginald Cleveland, American marine artist: b. Baltimore, Md., 21 July 1855. He is the son of A. C. Coxe (q.v.). He studied under Bonnat in Paris, has been a member of the Society of American Artists from 1888, and is also a member of the Architectural League, New York. His sea pictures have been much admired, and he is also an etcher of note.

Coxe, Tench, American economist: b. Philadelphia, Pa., 22 May 1755; d. there 17 July 1824. At first a Royalist he became a Whig, was a member of the Annapolis Convention 1786; the Continental Congress 1788; assistant secretary of the treasury 1790; commissioner of the revenue 1792-7; and purveyor of public supplies 1803-12. He early devoted much attention to political economy, and his writings and ideas on this subject constitute his chief claim to remembrance. He favored the prohibition of the coasting trade to foreign shipping; the importation of foreign goods only in ships of the country producing them; the special encouragement of manufactures; and the exemption of raw materials from tariff duties. He

urged the South to take up cotton-raising, is

sometimes called the father of the American cotton industry, and is said to have been the first to attempt to bring an Arkwright machine to the United States. His publications are: 'Inquiry into the Principles on Which a Commercial System for the United States Should be Founded (1787); Examination of Lord Sheffield's Observations on the Commerce of the American States (1792); View of the United States of America' (1794); Thoughts on Naval Power and the Encouragement of Commerce (1806); Memoir on Cultivation, Trade, and Manufacture of Cotton (1809); Statement of the Arts and Manufactures of the United States for the Year 1810) (1814), the first extended attempt to make an industrial census of the

country.

Coxe, William, English historian and traveler: b. London 7 March 1747; d. Bemerton, Wiltshire, 16 June 1828. He published an account of his travels through Switzerland (1779), and through Poland, Russia, Sweden, and Denmark (1784-92), which have been translated into almost all the languages of Europe. As historian he brought himself into notice by his Memoirs of Sir Robert Walpole' (1798), followed by those of Horatio, Lord Walpole (1802). He then published his 'History of the House of Austria (1807); afterward Memoirs of the Kings of Spain of the House of Bourbon, from 1700 to 1788) (1813).

Coxeyites, the followers of Jacob S. Coxey of Massillon, Ohio, who, during the financial depression existing in the United States in November 1893 announced that he intended to lead an army of 100,000 of unemployed people to Washington, to petition Congress for the issuance of $500,000,000 in non-interest bearing bonds, to be used for the improvement of roads. Coxey left Massillon on 25 March 1894, at the head of 122 people, and reached Washington May. In the attempt to make a speech from the capitol steps, he was accused of stepping on the grass, and with one Carl Browne,

was imprisoned for 20 days. The starting of several "commonweal" companies, or Coxey contingents, denominated “armies,” for Washington in the early part of 1894, demonstrated how widespread was the condition of idleness.

Coxwell, Henry Tracey, English aëronaut: b. Wouldham, near Rochester, 2 March 1819. From boyhood he took a keen interest in ballooning; in 1844 became a professional aëronaut, and in 1845 established the "Aerostatic Magazine." After that he made some 700 ascents, the most remarkable being that of 1862, when he reached a height of seven miles. He published My Life and Ballooning Adventures (1887-8).

Coyle, John Patterson, American Congregational clergyman: b. East Waterford, Pa., 3 May 1852; d. Denver, Colo., 21 Feb. 1895. He was graduated from Princeton College in 1875 and was instructor in Latin there 1877-9. He subsequently entered the ministry and from 1882 to 1895 was pastor of Congregational churches in Ludlow, Mass., New York, North Adams, Mass., and Denver. He was the author of: The Spirit in Literature and Life' (1895); 'The Imperial Christ' (1896).

Coyote, ki'ō-te, the prairie wolf (Canis lattans), native to the western United States, and before the advent of civilization numerous as far east as the extent of the prairies of the Mississippi valley, where it was called the red wolf in distinction from the large gray or timber wolf (q.v.). At present it is abundant from the dry plains of Texas, Nebraska, and Manitoba, westward to the Pacific coast, south of central British Columbia, and also in Mexco. Throughout this wide range it supports itself easily in spite of civilization, and at night its long-drawn cry, more like a bark than a howl, may be heard for long distances; and, owing to its predatory habits, this wailing call inspires terror in its possible victims and rouses the anger of the western ranchman whose flocks and herds are apt to suffer from the inroads of the barking wolf, as the coyote is sometimes called.

about the size of setter dogs, and, although Coyotes are smaller than other wolves, being they often travel in packs, as do other wolves, they are cowardly where man is concerned, and

confine their raids to the brute creation. Their

fur is soft, reddish or tawny-grey in color, sometimes slightly tipped with black. The tail is bushy, the ears upright, and the slender muzzle very pointed. The coyotes live in hollows among rocks, or in deserted burrows, whence they usually issue at dusk, to hunt. Their food is chiefly gophers, mice, ground-nesting birds, prairie-dogs, and other small animals, their dep

redations on

sheep-folds and cattle-ranches being mainly reserved for winter. In former days they were persistent enemies of the pronghorns. They are fleet footed, cunning in avoiding snares, and adapt themselves readily to varying conditions,- hence they increase rather than diminish in the more isolated regions where they are found. They were well known to the western Indians and formed the basis of some breeds of their dogs. Many tales of American Indian folk-lore in these tribes are concerned with them. Consult WOLF; and consult: Elliot, Synopsis of Mammals' (1901); Ingersoll, Wild Neighbors' (1897).