The Republican Judicial Convention met in Joplin, July 15, and nominated the following: For Judge of the Supreme Court, Division No. 1, Edward Higbee; Judges of the Supreme Court, Division No. 2, Henry Lamm and Moses Whybark.

The candidates of the Independent party were: For Judge of the Supreme Court, Division No. 1, Edward Higbee; Judges of the Supreme Court, Division No. 2, Henry Lamm and Moses Whybark; Superintendent of Public Schools, James U. White; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (long term), W. S. Crane; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (short term), Barney W. Frauenthal.

The candidates of the Allied party were: For Judge of the Supreme Court, Division No. 1, Frank E. Richey; Judges of the Supreme Court, Division No. 2, Henry N. Ess and Zachary Taylor; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (long term), Lyman Forgraves; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (short term), Oswald Hicks.

The candidates of the Prohibition party were: For Judge of the Supreme Court, Division No. 1, Reuben B. Robinson; Judges of the Supreme Court, Division No. 2, Jonathan P. Orr and Austin F. Butts; Superintendent of Public Schools, David R. Dungan; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (long term), Andrew Grassley; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (short term), William N. Keener.

The candidates of the Socialist party were: For Judge of the Supreme Court, Division No. 1, J. W. Gibbens; Judges of the Supreme Court, Division No. 2, James A. Slanker and Frank P. O'Hare; Superintendent of Public Schools, A. H. Hull; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (long term), Pearl Thompson; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (short term), W. I. Phifer.

The candidates of the Socialist-Labor party were: For Judge of the Supreme Court, Division No. 1, Charles Weppermann; Judges of the Supreme Court, Division No. 2, O. M. Howard and George F. Rudnick; Superintendent of Public Schools, Edward Heitzig; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (long term), Amil Neidermeyer; Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner (short term), Henry F. Mueller.

The

The Democratic candidates were elected. vote on the candidates for Supreme Judge who headed the tickets was as follows: Valliant, Democrat, 273,081; Higbee, Republican, 228,897; Wippermann Socialist-Labor, 969; Gibbens, Socialist, 5,335; Richey, Allied, 1,841; Robinson, Prohibitionist, 4,945; scattering, 1.

MONTANA, a Western State, admitted to the Union Nov. 8, 1889; area, 146,080 square miles. The population, according to each decennial census since admission, was 132,519 in 1890 and 243,329 in 1900. Capital, Helena.

Government.-The following were the State officers in 1902: Governor, Joseph K. Toole; Lieutenant-Governor, Frank Higgins; Secretary of State, George M. Hays; Auditor, J. H. Calderhead; Treasurer, A. H. Barrett; Attorney-General, James Donovan; Superintendent of Education, W. W. Welch. These were elected on a fusion ticket of Democrats and Populists. Other officials were: Commissioner of Agriculture, Judson A. Ferguson; Adjutant-General, R. L. McCulloch; Land Register, Thomas D. Long; State Examiner, William Hudnall; Coal-Mine Inspector, Howard F. Welch; Game Warden. W. F. Scott; Sheep Commissioner, F. D. O'Neill: Mine Inspector, John Byrne; Inspector of Horticulture, E. N.

Brandagee; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Theodore Brantley, Republican; Associate Justices, G. R. Milburn, W. T. Pigott, Democrats; Clerk, Henry G. Rickerts, Democrat.

The State officers are elected for terms of four years at the time of the presidential elections. The Legislature meets biennially in January of the odd-numbered years.

Finances. The unexpended balance Dec. 31, 1902, was $616,698.45. The balance of warrants outstanding in the Capitol building funds was $48,049.71; and in the Reform School building fund, $1,212.20. The warrants drawn on the stock-bounty fund amounted to $110,898.13, which was balanced by the cash on hand.

The bonded debt of the State is $860,000. The debts of the 26 counties aggregate $2,583,979. Valuations.-The total valuation of the State for taxation, including railroads, is $185,625,657 for 1902, of which $86,001,619 is real, exclusive of railroads, and $66,709,742 personal property. In 1901 the total was $166,787,593. There is a gain of more than $6,000,000 in real, and a loss of nearly $5,000,000 in personal property.

Education. By the census report there were 11,675 illiterates in the State in 1900. In the percentage of persons from ten to fourteen able to read and write Montana stood twenty-seventh in the list, with 98.07 per cent. The total number of children of school age Aug. 31 was 64,623, of whom 32,813 were boys and 31,810 girls.

This year 1,291 teachers were employed-236 men and 1,055 women.

The average length of term in the State was 6.56 months. There are reported 4 private schools, which have 1,839 pupils.

The whole number enrolled during the year was 44,881, while the average daily attendance was 31,471.

Sixty-five districts erected new schoolhouses. The number of districts adopting free text-books was 22, while in 28 districts the proposition was defeated by vote of the people. There are 48,510 volumes in the district libraries. The average salary for male teachers is $76.89, and for female teachers $52.04.

The State Normal School had an attendance of 118 in December. The School of Mines had 62. A night-class organized for young men employed during the day had 32. The expenses of the school amount to about $24,515.

The enrolment at the Agricultural College, at Bozeman, was about 250 in the fall term. The estimated expense for 1902-'03 is $51,420, of which the Government contributes $40,000.

The science hall of the State University, at Missoula, was damaged by fire, March 13, to the extent of $5,686.

Banks. There are 21 State banks, with total resources $15,254,236. The loans and discounts amount to $7,924,946, besides those on real estate, $797,030. The deposits amount to $11,880,695.

The State Savings-Bank of Butte has resources $4,133,889.

The defaulting teller of the First National Bank of Great Falls pleaded guilty in May, and was sentenced to ten years in the Penitentiary.

Telephones. There has been a marked increase in the telephone business of Helena, which now has more than 500 telephones. Butte has 1,300 instruments. Great Falls has 325 telephones, Missoula 275, Anaconda 200, and Bozeman 110.

Charities and Corrections.-A new building has been provided for the Asylum for the Deaf, at Boulder. About 12 blind children are taught there.

The insane are provided for by contract at the rate of 65 cents a day, and the State convicts at 45 cents. The number of patients in the insane asylum averages 500, of whom about one-fifth

are women.

Deer Lodge Prison had in April 463 convicts, about 100 more than in the previous year. About

20 were women.

The number of inmates at the Reform School, at Miles City, was 94, of whom 82 were boys and 12 girls. The report details the expenditures of $21,998.47 for 1901 and $22,522.11 for 1902. Militia. There are 34,000 men liable to military service. The infantry regiments of the National Guard consist of 2,613 men. The State ap

propriation is $10,000.

Railroads.-The State is credited with 127 miles of new track in 1901, and 53 during the first six months of 1902. The valuation of the roads for taxation is somewhat more than $30,000,000.

The Capitol. The new Capitol was finished in January and was formally accepted and dedicated July 4. The contract price of the building was $289,893; the actual cost to the contractor is given as about $420,000.

Industries and Products.-The value of the principal mineral products of the State in 1901 was estimated as follows: Gold, $4,802,717; silver, $18,334,443; copper, $36,751,837; lead, $498,622; total, $60,387,619.

Probably the silver is estimated at coinage value by the Government rate of $1.29 an ounce; figured on the average market price, the value would be less than half that given in this estimate. The preliminary estimate of the Director of the Mint for the production in 1902 gives Montana's gold product as in value $4,134,365, and silver, $6,890,000.

The report of the United States Geological Survey for 1901 shows that Montana produced in that year $90,000 worth of sapphires. Nearly all these stones were mined in the Yogo fields, in Fergus County. The value of the sapphires mined in Montana exceeded that of any other precious stones mined except turquoise, whose value amounted to $118,000.

Rubies are found in the State, but none have the deep color of the Oriental stone.

New deposits of corundum have been found in Gallatin County.

According to statistics gathered by Commissioner Ferguson, there was a falling off in the production of coal in Montana in 1901 as compared with 1900. The total production was 1,442,569 tons. There are, according to the latest estimate of the survey, 32,000 square miles of coal-bearing formations in Montana.

There were 33 accidents in the coal-mines in 1902, of which 7 were fatal. The whole number of fatal accidents in mines was 35.

The total value of the stone quarried, including plaster of Paris and other by-products, was $470,142, compared with $302,194 the previous year.

There are 20 breweries in the State, employing about 256 men, with a capital estimated at $1,271.000. The amount of beer manufactured was greater than in any other year, the number of barrels being 163,283.

A table of industrial statistics for 1900 gives the value of the manufactured products of Montana at $48,000,000.

The report of the State Board of Stock Commissioners shows that in 1902 the State produced 151,986 beef cattle, of which 92,000 head were shipped to points out of the State.

Mentana excels all other States in wool-grow

ing, the clip having been about 33,000,000 pounds this year.

The farms of Montana, June 1, 1900, numbered 13,370, and had a value of $62,026,090. Of this amount, $9,365,530, or 15.1 per cent., represents the value of buildings, and $52,660,560, or 84.9 per cent., the value of land and improvements other than buildings.

Lands.-The wooded area in the State is about 42,000 square miles. The records of the State Land Office show a remarkable increase in the sale and lease of State lands. The State's holdings now amount to 2,020,977.73 acres. Of this amount, 304,814.24 acres are timber land, showing an estimate of 892,297,000 feet of taw timber; 65,693.03 acres are classified as agricultural, and the remainder of 2,650,470 are classified as grazing lands.

From the leased land the State received the annual sum of $186,553.52. The school lands under lease exceed 1,350,000 acres.

Reserves. By proclamation, Aug. 16, the President created 2 additional forest reserves in Montana, to be known as the Little Belt mountain and the Madison forest reservations. A large amount of land is withdrawn from public entry, and the Government will undertake to protect many millions of feet of timber on the land from the rav ages of fire. The Little Belt mountain reserve includes timber land in the range of mountains bearing the same name, situated in a portion of Meagher, Fergus, and Cascade Counties, and is quite close to Helena. The Madison reserve lies almost wholly in the county of that name, excepting a very small portion which laps over into Gallatin County. The Lewis and Clarke reserve contains 4,572 square miles.

Legal Decisions.-By a decision of the United States Supreme Court, the antitrust laws of many States are pronounced unconstitutional. The ruling applies to all that make exceptions in favor of any class or classes.

The law of the Legislature of 1901 extending the operation of the statute of limitations upon accounts from three to five years has been declared invalid because it never passed the Senate, though it was signed by the President of the Senate and by the Governor.

The antigambling law was attacked, but was upheld by decision of the Supreme Court. One of the test cases was in regard to a slot-machine.

Political. An election was held in November for an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, a member of Congress, State Representatives, and local officers.

The Socialists were first in the field with a State ticket. Their convention was held at Bozeman, in July. W. F. Cameron was named for Associate Justice and George B. Sproull for Congress.

The resolutions called for an eight-hour amendment to the Constitution, and one prohibiting blacklisting, an employers' liability law, the initiative and referendum, and woman suffrage: expressed sympathy for the coal-miners of Pennsyl vania; and said regarding fusion: “That the Socialist party can never recognize, unite, or affiliate or fuse in any way with any other political party. That any candidate on our ticket must refuse the indorsement of any other political party, because it insinuates our acceptance of their platform. We call upon the State membership to expel at once any member who proposes compromise or fusion."

There was dissension in the Democratic party this year, Senator Clark and F. Augustus Heinze being at the head of the two factions. The Clark faction gained control of the State convention,

which met at Bozeman, Sept. 24. Jere B. Leslie was nominated for Associate Justice, and John M. Evans for member of Congress. The Heinze faction then organized what was called the Antitrust Democratic party." They did not make nominations for the State offices, but threw their influence for the Republican candidates. Senator Clark and Mr. Heinze stumped the State, making charges each against the other party of bribery and corruption.

Early in the year the factional troubles in the Republican party broke out in a meeting of "straight Republicans" in Helena, Jan. 6, when a preamble and resolution were passed protesting against the domination of the "machine" controlled by ex-Senator Carter. The resolution was sent to the President.

Apparently the quarrel was settled or compromised before the State convention, which met in Great Falls, Sept. 27, and nominated W. L. Holloway for Associate Justice and Joseph M. Dixon for member of Congress.

In October the Populist and Labor parties in a joint conference nominated Judge Holloway.

The Republican candidates were elected. The vote for Justice stood: Holloway, Republican, 31,690; Leslie, Democrat, 21,204; Cameron, Socialist, 2,466. For Representative in Congress, Dixon, Republican, 24,626; Evans, Democrat, 19,560; Del, Labor, 6,005; Sproule, Socialist, 3,131.

The State Senate will have 12 Democratic, 13 Republican, and 1 Labor members; the House, 9 Democratic, 45 Republican, 9 Labor, and 5 Democratic.

NEBRASKA, a Western State, admitted to the Union March 1, 1867; area, 77,510 square miles. The population, according to each decennial census since admission, was 122,993 in 1870; 452,402 in 1880; 1,058,910 in 1890; and 1,068,539 in 1900. Capital, Lincoln.

Government. The following were the State officers in 1902: Governor, Ezra P. Savage; Lieutenant-Governor, C. F. Steele; Secretary of State, George W. Marsh; Treasurer, William Stuefer; Attorney-General, F. N. Prout; Auditor, Charles Weston; Adjutant-General, J. N. Kilian, succeeded by William Hayward, who in turn was succeeded by L. W. Colby; Superintendent of Public Instruction, W. K. Fowler; Commissioner of Public Lands, G. D. Follmer-all Republicans; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, J. J. Sullivan, Democrat; Associate Justices, S. H. Sedgwick, Republican, and S. A. Holcomb, Fusion; Clerk, Lee Herdman.

The State officers are elected in even-numbered years, the term beginning in January of oddnumbered years. The Legislature holds biennial sessions, beginning in January of odd-numbered years.

Finances. The report of the Treasurer for the biennium beginning Dec. 1, 1900, and ending Nov. 29, 1902, presents the following remarks and suggestions: A balance of $5,074.10 in the Normal School fund and $4,088 in the Penitentiary land fund is unavailable on account of the failure of the Legislature to make the necessary appropriation. The amount of $64.74 derived through the operation of the inheritance-tax law is unavailable because the law does not designate the fund to which it is to be credited.

The investment of the educational trust funds of the State in interest-bearing securities, the Treasurer recommends, should receive the earnest attention of the Legislature until a wise and practical solution is obtained. Under present constitutional limitations, municipal bonds and school-district bonds are not available for in

nicipal and schooldistrict bonds coupled with a provision for the deposit of any uninvested balance in depository banks. The trust funds hold as investments bonds and warrants to the amount of $5,- GOVERNOR OF NEBRASKA. 456,977.90.

JOHN MICKEY,

The floating indebtedness of the State is $1,989,328.63, consisting of warrants drawn on the general fund. The educational trust funds hold $1,457,351.56 of this amount. This floating debt has been created by making appropriations larger than the amount that could be collected from the State levy upon the assessed valuation of property.

The general financial statement for the biennium ending Nov. 29, 1902, is as follows: Balance Dec. 1, 1900, $615,018.34; receipts from Dec. 1, 1900, to Nov. 29, 1902, $6,742,551.71; total, $7,357,570.05; disbursements from Dec. 1, 1900, to Nov. 29, 1902, $6,925,314.67; on hand Nov. 29, 1902, $432,255.38.

The receipts and disbursements of the treasury from Dec. 1, 1900, to Nov. 29, 1902, inclusive, were as follow: General fund, receipts, $2,139,332.36; payments, $2,105,320.22. Sinking-fund, receipts, $11,617.58; payments, $67,782.81. Permanent school fund, receipts, $2,463,954.69; payments, $2,569,792.07. Temporary school fund, receipts, $1,346,975.99; payments, $1,399,306.45. Permanent university fund, receipts, $63,573.15; payments, $65,550.97. Agricultural College endowment fund, receipts, $138,882.52; payments, $160,482.39. Temporary university fund, receipts, $426,841.23; payments, $383,522.69. Hospital for Insane fund, receipts, $1,406.92; payments, $291.67. State Library fund, receipts, $7,813.50; payments, $8,148.21. University cash fund, receipts, $57,491.34; payments, $55,272.97. Normal Library fund, receipts, $3,095; payments, $2,990.51. Normal endowment fund, receipts, $15,728.77; payments, $44,000. Normal interest fund, receipts, $5,685.35; payments, $4,604.17; Penitentiary special labor fund, receipts, $46,141.38; payments, $43,768.11. Penitentiary land fund, receipts, $1,730. Agricultural and Mechanic Arts fund, receipts, $50,000; payments, $51,841.17. United States experiment station fund, receipts, $30,000; payments, $30,423.07. Inheritance tax fund, receipts, $64.74. Total receipts, $6,810,334.52; total disbursements, $6,993,097.48.

Education. -State Superintendent W. K. Fowler issued a new educational directory, giving statistics for the year ending July 8, 1901. There are 6,675 districts in the 90 counties, and 6,773

schoolhouses. The whole number of teachers employed is 9,485, at an average monthly salary of $40.08. Of the 377,069 children of school age (five to twenty-one), 286,718 are enrolled. It costs the State an average of $13.90 a year to educate each enrolled pupil, but this amount is increased to $21.82 on the basis of average attendance. The value of district property is estimated at $9,870,683.79.

In apportioning the temporary school fund among the counties in December, 1902, the Superintendent had at his disposal $236,252.68, the smallest amount available for several years. The whole number of persons of school age in the State being 374,304, the rate per pupil was 63 cents. In the May apportionment the rate was $1.11, and in the previous December 84 cents. The smallness of the fund is explained by Treasurer Steufer by the fact that during his term $800,000 has been paid in by holders of educational lands, necessitating the reinvestment of this money in bonds and warrants bearing only 3 per cent. interest, just half the rate on the land contracts, and little or no return is to be expected on many of the securities for some time.

Difficulty was experienced at the opening of the school year, in September, in securing teachers, the salaries not being large enough to attract either men or women, who could secure more profitable employment in harvesting the unusually bountiful crops.

The State Superintendent urged the purchase of small libraries for all lower-grade schools. Hitherto none but the high schools have possessed them.

The regents of the University of Nebraska decided to adopt the Omaha Medical College as an affiliated school. Students will pursue two years of their medical course at Lincoln, and the remaining two at Omaha, where they will have the benefit of the clinical work to be found in a city. But 1,500 acres of school lands remained unleased in April, 1902.

Products and Resources.-Census Bulletin No. 193, published in July, 1902, gives the agricultural statistics for the past ten years. The farms of Nebraska, June 1, 1900, numbered 121,525, and were valued at $577,660,020. Of this amount 15.8 per cent. represents the value of buildings and 82.2 per cent. the value of land and improvements other than buildings. The total value of farm properties was $747,950,057. The 121,525 farms reported contained 29,911,779 acres, or 61.6 per cent. of the area of the State, of which 18,432,596 acres were improved. The average size of the farms was 246.1 acres, this high average being due to the large stock-farms in western Nebraska. The number of farms operated by owners was 76,715; by cash tenants, 11,599; by share tenants, 33,211. In 1900 the number of dairy cows in the State was 512,544; of other neat cattle, 2.663.699; horses, 795,318; mules and asses, 55,856; sheep, 335,950; swine, 4,128,000.

In 1890 3.014 manufacturing establishments were enumerated, with a capital of about $37.500,000, producing $93,000,000 worth of goods at a cost of $85.333,333, with a net profit of $7.715. 778. In 1900 5.414 establishments, with a capital of about $72.000.000, at a cost of $123,000,000, produced $144,000,000, yielding a net profit of about $21,000,000.

Deputy Food Commissioner Basset issued his biennial report in December. He estimated an

increase of 333 per cent. in the production of butter, over that of 1901. In this report the

commissioner asked that the Legislature give him control of all the foodstuffs, in order more effectually to enforce the law against food adulterations. The commission reported having issued 436 permits since its organization, and received $4,296 in fees.

The University Agricultural Experiment Station published a report made up from 500 replies of alfalfa-raisers regarding the number of processes employed, and also the care of the crop. Bottomland produced somewhat larger crops than upland, but sustained greater loss from winter killing. A clay subsoil was found to be no impediment in a large number of cases. Early sowing, no use of a nurse crop, sowing broadcast with subsequent harrowing, and the use of 20 pounds of seed to the acre-are the principal approved conditions. Disking-that is, going over the ground with a disk harrow before growth begins, or in summer immediately after cutting-is beneficial, as this process cuts the crown root and stirs the soil.

Cattle suffered severely from what is called the corn-stalk disease, which was pronounced by a prominent veterinarian not to be a disease, but a dietetic error, in that corn-stalks when not properly cared for lose their nutrient qualities.

Coal was discovered in the boring for a well in the neighborhood of Jamestown; and subsequent borings led to the belief that the vein underlies a large part of the country around Jamestown and may be mined with profit.

Legal Decisions.-The constitutional amendment relating to the vote to amend the Constitution was proposed in due form by the Legislature during the incumbency of Gov. Dietrich, but was vetoed by him on the ground of the expense it would entail. The amendment was revived by Secretary of State Marsh under the advice of Attorney-General F. N. Prout, who declared that since the power of initiative rested with the Legislature the Governor had no power over the proposed amendment, either to approve or to veto. His view was supported by citations from the Constitution and from decisions of the Supreme Court.

On Oct. 9 the judgment of the Supreme Court, written by Commissioner John H. Ames and concurred in by Judge Holcomb and Judge Sedgwick, restrained the School Board of District 21 of Gage County from permitting a teacher to continue the practise of reading the Bible, singing certain songs, and offering prayer, on the ground that the exercises were sectarian and forbidden by the Constitution. Attorney E. 0. Kretsinger, representing the School Board, filed a motion for a rehearing, and received permission to submit his brief in support of it by Dec. 20. The decision of the court attracted attention throughout the United States.

One of the hardest fought legal battles began June 8, when the Supreme Court was taking testimony on the application of the Bee Building Company of Omaha for a writ of mandamus to compel the State Board of Equalization to assess railroad franchises separate and apart from tangible property, and thereby increase the taxes of the railroads above the amount fixed at the spring meeting of the board. The defense of the board was that it had assessed franchises; the attorneys for the railroads concurrently maintaining that, as the courts had failed to define a franchise, the action of the board in taking into consideration earnings and the fact that the lines were in active operation constituted the taxing of franchises. The court denied the application.

The Real-Estate Exchange of Omaha attempted

to enter a protest upon the City Council, during its sitting in January as a board of equalization, concerning the disproportion between the assessments of real estate and the property of such corporations as the street-railway, electric-light, telephone, gas, and water companies. The Council refused to entertain their protest, and an injunction was served by the Supreme Court restraining the Council from passing the tax-levy ordinance until a hearing had been secured in the cases of the 5 corporations above mentioned. The litigation lasted three montns. The injunction was dissolved on May 18, after the hearings had been completed, and resulted in an increase of $1,523,190 in the assessments of the 5 public service corporations. The ruling was that the bonded indebtedness of the corporations, instead of being subtracted from the taxable property, be added to it. Penitentiary.-The $75,000 appropriated by the Legislature to rebuild the Penitentiary, which had suffered by a fire, proved insufficient to complete the new structure, and work was suspended. Political. In the State election, Nov. 4, the Republican ticket was successful by a large majority. The following were the officers chosen: Governor, John H. Mickey; Lieutenant-Governor, E. G. M'Gilton; Secretary of State, George W. Marsh; Treasurer, Peter Mortensen; Auditor, Charles Weston; Attorney-General, Frank N. Prout; Commissioner of Public Lands and Buildings, George D. Follmer; Superintendent of Public Instruction, William K. Fowler. The 5 Representatives elected to Congress were all Republicans.

The platform adopted at the party convention in June expressed its sympathy with the President's policy in favor of the national irrigation law; favored a speedy revision of the State Constitution to meet the changed conditions of the new century; called for the enactment of additional laws to hold every custodian of public funds responsible for the repayment of principal and accruing interest; called attention to the necessity of increasing the State's revenues and reducing the State's debt, which had exceeded the constitutional limit: to this end requiring a more strict enforcement of the laws relating to assessment and taxation, also requiring a revenue from all non-resident corporations writing life and accident insurance in the State (except mutualbenefit and fraternal societies); favored the creation of a board of pardons to investigate and pass upon applications for executive clemency; favored the creation of a board of audit. who should examine the accounts of the State Treasurer and periodically make public reports.

In the April town elections the main contest was over the liquor question, and high license won in a majority of cases.

An amendment to the State Constitution, proposed by George W. Marsh, Secretary of State, was voted on at the November election. The proposition was to make it easier to amend the Constitution by requiring that when amendments have been agreed to by three-fifths of the members elected to each house and published at least once each week in at least one newspaper in each county for a period of thirty days before an election of Senators and Representatives (the present Constitution requires three months), the amendment shall become a part of the Constitution if its adoption is approved by a majority of voters voting at such election on the proposed amendment (the present Constitution requires the vote of "a majority of the electors voting at such election"). The amendment was defeated by

the provision which it sought to correct. Out of the 198,574 votes cast at the election, 49,147 were cast in favor of the proposition and 15,999 against it, the total for and against not being a majority of the whole.

NEVADA, a Western State, admitted to the Union Oct. 31, 1864; area, 110,700 square miles. The population, according to each decennial census since admission, was 42,491 in 1870; 62,266 in 1880; 45,761 in 1890; and 42,335 in 1900. Capital, Carson City.

Government.-The following were the State officers in 1902: Governor, Reinhold Sadler; Lieutenant-Governor, James R. Judge; Secretary of State, Eugene Howell; Treasurer, David M. Ryan; Comptroller, Samuel P. Davis; AttorneyGeneral, William Woodburn; Surveyor-General, Edward D. Kelley; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Orvis Ring; Adjutant-General, James R. Judge, ex officio; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Thomas V. Julien; Associate Justices, Charles H. Belknap, Albert L. Fitzgerald; Clerk, Eugene Howell, ex officio. All are of the SilverDemocratic party except Superintendent Ring, who is a Republican. William A. Massey resigned as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and Gov. Sadler appointed Thomas V. Julien to fill the unexpired term.

State officers are elected in November, once in four years. An Associate Justice of the Supreme Court is elected in the alternate even-numbered years. The Legislature meets every second year on the second Monday in January.

Finances. The treasury, Dec. 31, 1902, had $288,616.50 in coin. The State fund securities were: Irredeemable State school funds, Nevada 4-per-cent., $240,100; Nevada 5-per-cent., $380,000; United States 4-per-cent, $900,000; total, $1,520,100. In 1902 the Bond Commissioners redeemed $13,000 worth of bonds and issued $15,500. The Nevada war claims against the Government amounts to $462,000. The annual report of the Treasurer shows that the State is better in a financial way than it has ever been.

Lands. The grants to the State were 2,732,884.70 acres, of which 30,293.56 acres are still due to the State. There are 1,400,000 acres under contract at 6 per cent. per annum. The State has 400,000 acres of reverted lands, the greater part of which are for sale at $1.25 an acre. The State has issued patents for 876,378.59 acres. Approximately 61,250,000 acres in the State are owned by the General Government.

Education. The school population between the age of six and eighteen years is 9,277. The semiannual apportionment was $70,414.27.

Products. The number of cattle in the State is estimated at 50,000, and the sheep from 5,000,000 to 7,000,000.

Political. The Democratic State Convention met in Reno on Aug. 26, 1902. The Silver Party Convention also met on the same day. After a three days' meeting the two parties agreed to a fusion, and the following ticket was nominated: For Congressman, Clarence Van Duzer; Governor, John Sparks; Lieutenant-Governor, Lemuel Allen; Supreme Judge, George F. Talbot; Attorney-General, James G. Sweeney; Secretary of State, Eugene Howell; Treasurer, David M. Ryan; State Comptroller, Samuel P. Davis; Surveyor-General, Edward D. Kelley; Superintendent of Public Instruction, John Edwards Bray; Superintendent of State Printing, Andrew Maute; Regents of the State University, William W. Booher (short term), Richard Kirman (long term).

Their platform pledged to them the free and unlimited coinage of silver; opposed trusts and