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ARTICLE XII.

The expenses incurred in the arrest, detention, examination and delivery of fugitives under this treaty shall be borne by the State in whose name the extradition is sought.

ARTICLE XIII.

The present treaty shall take effect six weeks after the exchange of ratifications, and shall continue in force six months after one of the contracting parties shall have notified the other of an intention to terminate it.

It shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged at Rio de Janeiro as soon as possible.

In witness whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries sign the above articles written in the English and Portuguese languages and hereunto affix their seals.

Done and signed in duplicate in the city of Rio de Janeiro, this 14th day of May 1897. [SEAL.] [SEAL.]

THOMAS L. THOMPSON.

DIONISIO E. DE CASTRO CERQUEIRA.

And whereas a protocol amending the said treaty in certain particulars was concluded and signed by the respective plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and the United States of Brazil, at Rio de Janeiro, on the 28th day of May, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-eight, the original of which protocol, being in the English and Portuguese languages, is word for word as follows:

PROTOCOL.

The undersigned, the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America and the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of the United States of Brazil, met together to-day in the Department of Foreign Affairs and being duly authorized, have agreed to modify in the manner hereinafter indicated the provisions of No. 13 of Article II, of the end of § 2 of Article III, and of the first two paragraphs of Article IV, and the wording of Article IX of the Extradition Treaty signed May 14th, 1897, for the purpose of preventing questions in the execution thereof.

ARTICLE II, No. 13.

To add in the English text after "broker" the word "manager", corresponding in the Portuguese text to the term "administrador”.

ARTICLE III, § 2.

To substitute in the English text for the word "definite" the word "final".

ARTICLE IV.

To change the wording of the first paragraph of the Portuguese text to read as follows: O individuo entregue não poderá ser processado

nem punido no paiz que tiver obtido a extradição nem entregue a terceiro paiz por crime ou infracção não prevista no presente tratado nem por crime ou infracção anterior á extradição, etc., etc.

To substitute in the second paragraph of the English text the expression "may demand" for "shall be able to demand."

ARTICLE IX.

Substitue for the wording of the English text the following: "All articles found in the possession of the person accused, whether obtained through the commission of the act with which such person is charged, or whether they may be used etc., etc."

This protocol shall be submitted for approval to the Congresses of the two countries.

Done at the city of Rio de Janeiro this twenty-eighth day of May A. D. 1898.

SEAL.

[SEAL.]

CHARLES PAGE BRYAN

DIONISIO E. DE CASTRO CERQUEIRA.

And whereas the said treaty, as amended by the Senate of the United States of America, and the said protocol have been duly ratified on both parts, and the ratifications of the two Governments were exchanged in the City of Rio de Janeiro, on the 18th day of April, one thousand nine hundred and three;

Now, therefore, be it known that I, Theodore Roosevelt, President of the United States of America, have caused the said treaty, as amended by the Senate of the United States of America, and the said protocol to be made public, to the end that they and their every article, and clause may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States of America and the citizens thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have caused the Seal of the United States of America to be hereto affixed.

Given under my hand at the City of Washington the thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred and three, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and twenty-seventh.

[SEAL]

By the President:

JOHN HAY Secretary of State.

THEODORE ROOSEVELT

MESSAGE OF PRESIDENT OF BRAZIL TO BRAZILIAN CONGRESS.

Mr. Thompson to Mr. Hay.

No. 20.]

LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Petropolis, May 8, 1903. SIR: Inclosed herewith I send you a copy of the first annual message to Congress of President Rodrigues Alves, with a translation of certain portions, which will be of particular interest to the Department. The part devoted to the discussion of the proposed public improvements in Rio de Janeiro has created the greatest satisfaction, as the

FR 1903-3

vigorous language used and the steps already taken by the Government indicate a firm purpose on the part of the administration to initiate and carry through the approved plans for, first, a splendid wharf system; second, a modern sewerage system, and, third, the complete stamping out of yellow fever, of which there has been a great deal during the past year. With regard to the latter I may say in passing that the work accomplished in Cuba by our army of occupation is being frequently cited as an example to be followed and as proof that Rio de Janeiro, in the same latitude south as Habana is north, can be freed from the yearly reappearance of that disease.

In that part of the message devoted to foreign relations you will note that the United States is mentioned first in the list of those countries who sent war ships to the inauguration last November. The graceful words about Cuba may perhaps also be taken as a friendly remark for our Government. The discussion of the Acre question is clear and is perhaps the best presentation of the Brazilian point of view and contention that has yet appeared. DAVID E. THOMPSON.

I have, etc.,

[Inclosure.]

Translation of extracts from the President of Brazil's annual message to Congress.

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In previous documents I have alluded to the public service of making this capital sanitary, and each time I feel more convinced that in this act will be found the neces sary element for the revival of the economic life of the country.

Such an undertaking undoubtedly involves doing a great many things difficult and costly of execution, but the benefits expected are of such a kind as to make the undertaking necessary.

The defects of the capital affect and disturb the whole national development. Its restoration in the opinion of everybody would be the beginning of new life, an incitement to development in the extensive area of a country which has lands for any crops, climates for all peoples, and fields for exploitation by all kinds of capitalists. The general health conditions of the capital, besides demanding urgent material improvements, depend on a good water supply, regular sewage system, soil drainage, public cleanliness, and cleanliness of private houses.

It seems to me that this great work should, however, be initiated by carrying out the plans for the improvement of the part which will constitute the base of the system, and will tend not only toward bringing about the desirable end mentioned, but also and evidently to the improvement of the conditions of labor, commerce, and, what must not be forgotten, the increase of our revenues.

Our duty, which the Government is going to perform, is to initiate this great publie service and never abandon it, even though it will cost us great sacrifices.

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I take pleasure in and note with great pride the act of courtesy of the United States, England, Portugal, France, and Argentine, in sending war ships of their navies to bring us good wishes on the 15th of November last.

Our foreign affairs have involved us in very delicate situations for nearly a year, as a result of the happenings in the Acre, but happily Brazil continues to enjoy the benefits of peace, and I have the great happiness of being able to say that our relations with most of the powers are very friendly. Among these is now included the Cuban Republic, recognized by us, and for whose prosperity I have the sincerest good wishes.

Our various boundary questions, so carefully studied by passed administrations, are being resolved amicably and honorably. Shortly after the end of our dispute with France over the Guiana territory the treaty of London of November 6, 1901, by which the litigation of our frontiers with British Guiana was submitted to the arbitration

of His Majesty the King of Italy, went into execution. Mr. Joaquim Nabuco, accredited as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, on special mission to the august arbiter, already has had the honor of delivering, in defense of our cause, the first of the three memorials authorized by the compromise.

The demarcation of our boundaries with the Argentine Republic is almost concluded, in accordance with the terms of the agreement of February 5, 1895, and of the treaty of October 6, 1898.

Our former relations of such cordial friendship with Bolivia have suffered a not insignificant strain since the time when the Government of that sister Republic, unable to maintain its authority in the Acre region, inhabited exclusively, as you know, by Brazilians who, many years previously, had established themselves there in good faith, saw fit to deliver it over to a foreign syndicate upon whom it conferred powers almost sovereign. That concession, as dangerous for the neighboring nations as for Bolivia itself, encountered general disapproval in South America. As the most immediately interested, Brazil, already in the time of my illustrious predecessor, protested against the contract to which I refer, and entered upon the policy of reprisals, prohibiting the free transit by the Amazon of merchandise between Bolivia and abroad.

Neither that protest nor the counsels of friendship produced at that time the desired effect in La Paz, and, far from rescinding the contract or making the hopedfor modifications therein, the Bolivian Government concluded an especial arrangement for the purpose of hurrying the entrance of the syndicate into the possession of the territory.

When I assumed the government that was the situation, and in addition the inhabitants of the Acre, who had again proclaimed their independence, were masters of the whole country, excepting Puerto Acre, of which they did not get possession until the end of January.

Although since January negotiations have been initiated by us for the purpose of removing amicably the cause of the disorders and complications which have had their seat of action in the Acre ever since the time when for the first time the Bolivian authorities penetrated thither, in 1899, yet the Government of La Paz has nevertheless thought proper that its President and his minister of war should march against that territory at the head of armed forces with the end in view of crushing its inhabitants and then establishing the agents of the syndicate.

I thereupon resolved to intervene to protect our fellow-citizens and prevent further and unnecessary bloodshed, whereupon we could, with the proper intent, arrive in a short time at a definite arrangement, honorable and satisfactory for both parties. From the 18th of January on, instructions were sent to our legation in La Paz to the effect that in spite of the very broad interpretation which, as a favor to Bolivia, the Brazilian Government had given through so many years to article 2 of the treaty of 1867, it would now defend as its boundary the parallel of 10° 20′ south, which is the dividing line indicated by both the letter and the spirit of that pact. After the departure of the expeditions against the Acreans our legation was instructed to repeat that declaration and to inform the Bolivian Government that Brazil was going to take military occupation of a part of the contested territory until the settlement of the dispute by diplomatic channels. Upon the Bolivian Government agreeing to this we promptly reestablished freedom of transit for its foreign commerce by Brazilian waters.

Shortly after this the syndicate, by reason of the indemnity which we paid it, renounced the concession which had been made it, eliminating thus this disturbing

element.

The negotiations for the modus vivendi necessitated by the new situation proceeded and there resulted the preliminary agreement signed at La Paz on March 21. In accordance with its terms the troops of General Olympie da Silveira already occupy the contested territory to the east of the Purus between the so-called Cunha Gomes line and the parallel of 10° 20′, and a Brazilian detachment of troops is already supposed to have passed to the south of that parallel to take up their position between the armed Acreans and the Bolivian forces. These latter, commanded by General Pando, are supposed to have stopped at the river Orton, sending their advanced posts as far as the Abunan. If in the period of four months, counting from March 21, the two Governments can not arrive at a direct and definite agreement, the said Brazilian detachment of troops will return to the north of that parallel and the negotiations will commence for a treaty of arbitration.

It is much to be regretted that the discussion of the definite agreement has been interrupted when it had scarcely begun, in January, and that the period of four months from March 21 will, as a matter of fact, be reduced to two, since the Bolivian minister on special mission can not be expected to arrive here until the end of this month.

o the Peruvian Government we have announced, very willingly, since January we will examine, with attention, the claims which in due time they may be ed to make upon the subject of the territories now in dispute between Brazil Bolivia.

ar the mouth of the Amonea, in Alte Jurua, conflicts have unhappily taken e between the Brazilians there for a long period of time established and a detacht of Peruvian troops whom the prefect of Iquitos had sent there in October. the imperfections of the maps in existence it is, however, imposssble to say ther that point is within the Brazilian boundary or in territory indisputably vian, as our neighbors allege. I am convinced that the questions relative to these lents on the frontier will be solved by the two Governments in the most amicaspirit.

441.]

FREE NAVIGATION OF THE AMAZON RIVER.

Mr. Bryan to Mr. Hay.

LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES,

Petropolis, August 14, 1902.

tify the heads of d rybas, through telegra ry in the States of Pa an ir importation and rate in vessels that left the the shore paying the regula

Mr. B

LE

Beferring to my Nos. respectively, relating Bairian commerce, i that the Governments sters to protest aga rish minister, also unde l times to inquire wh

IR: I have the honor to inclose herewith a copy and translation office here of displeas

official order of the minister of finance, recently promulgated, by
ch he closes or attempts to close the free navigation of the Amazon,
jecting all goods in transit to Brazilian export and import duties.
I have, etc.,

CHARLES PAGE BRYAN.

[Inclosure.-Translation,] Extract from Diario Official.

ed action. The Fre foreign affairs has reas in a long note, his es. My colleagues, Rio Branco, an ex foreign affairs on N atentions or attitude and of other nations. nary, when the rubbe Brazil will have solved t t on the Amazon Rive ion, I deem the matt re the Department as t may be thoroughly and so that the Dep ke such action in the Lare, etc.,

inistry of finance. Federal capital. Circular No. 43, August 8, 1902.
et the honorable heads of departments of finance take notice for their informa-
that by means of telegrams of this date sent to the collecting agents of the
ral treasury in the States of Para and Amazonas, this ministry has provided for
keeping of the free navigation of the Amazon for import and export in suspense,
pt as applied to merchants who have cargoes in ships which have left the ports
ading before this same date, collecting, except in this case, the duties they shall

d

Mr. Bryan to Mr. Hay.

LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES. Petropolis, August 19, 1902. IR: In reference to my No. 441, of August 14, 1902, I have the or to report that the minister of finance on August 13, 1902, modi

444.]

Mr. Bryan

LEGAT

ning the subject of m

and corrected the official order closing the navigation of the that the French

azon by confining its effect to importation and exportation to and m the single country of Bolivia. I inclose a copy and translation he corrected order.

I have, etc.,

CHARLES PAGE BRYAN.

the foreign office at Pa Position regarding the il dise in transit by the A

ure, etc.

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