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IGNORANCE TALKS LOUD;

Observe: An ace may be reckoned
either as eleven or one; every court- King.
card is counted as ten, and the rest of Queen.
the pack according to their points.

111. THE ODDS OF NATURAL VINGT-
UN merely depend upon the average
number of cards likely to come under
or exceed twenty-one: for example, if
those in hand make fourteen exactly, it
is seven to six that the one next drawn
does not make the number of points
above twenty-one; but if the points be
fifteen, it is seven to six against that
hand: yet it would not, therefore,
always be prudent to stand at fifteen,
for as the ace may be calculated both
ways, it is rather above an even bet
that the adversary's two first cards
amount to more than fourteen. A
natural Vingt-un may be expected once
in seven coups when two, and twice
in seven when four people play, and so
on, according to the number of players.
112. Quadrille. The game of
Quadrille is played by four persons,
and the number of cards required is
forty; the four tens, nines, and eights
being discarded from the pack. The
deal is made by distributing the cards
to each player, three at a time for two
rounds, and four at a time for one
round; commencing with the right-
hand player, who is eldest hand. The
trump is made by the person who
plays, with or without calling, by
naming spades, clubs, diamonds, or
hearts, and the suit so named becomes
trumps.

113. THE TWO FOLLOWING TABLES
will show the rank and order of the
cards, when trumps or when not so.
114. (i.) WHEN TRUMPS :-
Clubs and Spades. Hearts and Diamonds.
Spadille, the ace of Spadille, the ace of
spades.
Manille, the deuce
of spades or of
clubs.
Basto, the ace of
clubs.

spades.

Manille, the seven
of hearts or of
diamonds.
Basto, the ace of

clubs.

Punto, the ace or
hearts or of dia-
monds.

Knave.
Seven.

Clubs and Spades.

Hearts and Diamonds.

Six.

King.

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Three. Deuce.

11 in all.

12 in all.

115. (i.) WHEN

NOT TRUMPS:

Clubs and Spades.

Hearts and Diamonds.

Five.

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King.
Queen.
Knave.
Seven.
Six.

9 in all. 116. FROM THESE TABLES IT WILL BE OBSERVED that spadille and basto are always trumps; and that the red suits have one trump more than the black,-the former twelve, and the latter only eleven.

117. A TRUMP CALLED MANILLE, between spadille and basto, is in black the deuce, and in red the seven; they are the second cards when trumps, and the last in their respective suits when not trumps. Example: the deuce of spades being second trump when they are trumps, and the lowest card when clubs, hearts, or diamonds are trumps, and so of the rest.

118. PUNTO IS THE ACE OF HEARTS or diamonds, which is above the king, and the fourth trump, when either of those suits are trumps; but is below the knave, and ace of diamonds and hearts when they are not trumps. The two of hearts or diamonds is always superior to the three; the three to the four; the four to the five; and the five to the six: the six is only superior to the seven when it is not trumps, for when the seven is manille. it is the second trump.

119. THERE ARE THREE MATADORES, viz., spadille, manille, and basto; whose privilege is, when the player has no other trumps but them, and trumps are led, he is not obliged to play them, but may play what card he thinks proper, provided, however, that the trump led is of an inferior value; but if spadille should be led, he that has manille or basto only is compelled to lead it, which

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KNOWLEDGE IS MODEST, CAUTIOUS, AND PURE;

is the case with basto in respect to manille, the superior matadore always forcing the inferior.

120. TERMS USED IN QUADRILLE. -i. To ask leave is to ask leave to play with a partner, by calling a king.

ii. Basto is the ace of clubs, and always the third best trump.

iii. Bast is a penalty incurred by not winning when you stand your game, or by renouncing; in which cases you pay as many counters as are down.

iv. Cheville is being between the eldest hand and the dealer.

v. Codille is when those who defend the pool make more tricks than those who defend the game, which is called winning the codille.

vi. Consolation is a claim to the game, always paid by those who lose, whether by codille or demise.

vii. Devole is when he who stands the game makes no trick.

viii. Double is to play for double stakes, with regard to the game, the consolation, the sans prendre, the matadores, and the devole.

ix. Force.-The ombre is said to be forced when a strong trumpis played for the adversary to over-trump. He is, likewise, said to be forced when he asks leave, and one of the other players obliges him to play sans prendre; or pass, by offering to play sans prendre.

x. Forced spadille is, when all have passed, he who has spadille is obliged to play it.

xi. Forced sans prendre is when, having asked leave, one of the players offers to play alone, in which case you are obliged to play alone or pass.

xii. Friend is the player who has the king called.

xiii. Impasse.-To make the impasse is when, being in cheville, the knave of a suit is played, of which the player has the king.

xiv. Manille is, in black, the deuce of spades or clubs; in red, the seven of hearts or diamonds, and is always the second best trump.

xv. Mark means the fish put down by the dealer.

xvi. Mille is a mark of ivory which is sometimes used, and stands for ten fish.

xvii. Matadores, or matts, are spadille, manille, and basto, which are always the three best trumps. False matadores are any sequence of trumps, following the matadores regularly.

xviii. Ombre is the name given to him who stands the game, by calling or playing sans appeler, or sans prendre.

xix. Party is the duration of the game, according to the number of tours agreed to be played.

xx. Pass is the term used when you have not either a hand to play alone, or with calling a king.

xxi. Ponto, or Punto, is the ace of diamonds, when diamonds are trumps; or hearts, when they are trumps, and is then the fourth trump.

xxii. Pool. The pool consists of the fishes which are staked for the deals, or the counters put down by the players, or the basts which go to the game. To defend the pool is to be against him who stands the game.

xxiii. Prise is the number of fish or counters given to each player at the commencement of the game.

xxiv. Régle is the order to be observed at the game.

XXV. Remise is when they who stand the game do not make more tricks than they who defend the pool, and then they lose by remise.

xxvi. Renounce is not to play in the suit led when you have it; likewise, when, not having any of the suit led, you win with a card that is the only one you have of that suit in which you play. xxvii. Reprise is synonymous with party.

xxviii. Report is synonymous with reprise and party.

xxix. Roi rendu is the king surrendered when called and given to the ombre, for which he pays a fish; in which case, the person to whom the game is given up must win the game alone.

XXX. Spadille is the ace of spades. which is always the best trump.

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IGNORANCE BOASTFUL, CONCEITED, AND SURE.

xxxi. Sans appeler is playing without calling a king.

xxxii. Sans prendre is erroneously used for sans appeler, meaning the

same.

Xxxiii. Tenace is to wait with two trumps that must make when he who has two others is obliged to lead, such as the two black aces against manille or punto.

xxxiv. Tours are the counters, which they who win put down, to mark the number of coups played.

XXXV. Vole is to get all the tricks, either with a friend or alone, sans prendre, or declared at the first of the deal.

121. LAWS OF QUADRILLE. — i. The cards are to be dealt by fours and threes, and in no other manner. The dealer is at liberty to begin by four or three. If in dealing there is a faced card, there must be a new deal, unless it is the last card.

ii. If there are too many or too few cards, it is also a new deal.

iii. No penalty is inflicted for dealing wrong, but the dealer must deal again. iv. He who has asked leave is obliged to play.

v. No one should play out of his turn: if, however, he does, he is not basted for it, but the card played may be called at any time in that deal, provided it does not cause a revoke; or either of the adversaries may demand the partner of him who played out of his turn, or his own partner, to play any suit he thinks fit.

vi. No matadore can be forced but by a superior matt; but the superior forces the inferior, when led by the first player. vii. Whoever names any suit for trumps must abide by it, even though it should happen to be his worst suit.

viii. If you play with eleven cards you are basted.

ix. If you play sans prendre or have matadores, you are to demand them before the next dealer has finished his deal, otherwise you lose the benefit.

x. If any one name his trump without asking leave, he must play alone,

unless the youngest hand and the rest have passed.

xi. If any person play out of his turn, the card may be called at any time, or the adversary may call a suit.

xii. If the person who won the sixth trick play the seventh card, he must play the vole.

xiii. If you have four kings, you may call a queen to one of your kings, or call one of your kings; but you must not call the queen of trumps.

xiv. If a card be separated from the rest, and it is seen, it must be played if the adverse party has seen it, unless the person who separated it play sans prendre.

XV. If the king called, or his mated queen, play out of turn, no vole can be played.

xvi. No one is to be basted for a renounce unless the trick be turned and quitted; and if any person renounce and it is discovered, if the player should happen to be basted by such renounce, all the parties are to take up their cards and play them over again.

xvii. Forced spadille is not obliged to make three tricks.

xviii. The person who undertakes to play the vole has the preference of playing before him who offers to play sans prendre.

xix. The player is entitled to know who is his king called, before he declares for the vole.

xx. When six tricks are won, the person who won the sixth must say, "I play (or, do not play) the vole ;" or " I ask;" and no more.

xxi. He who has passed once has no right to play after, unless he has spadille; and he who asks must play, unless somebody else play sans prendre.

xxii. If the players show their cards before they have won six tricks, they may be called.

xxiii. Whoever has asked leave cannot play sans prendre, unless he be forced.

xxiv. Any person may look at the tricks when he is to lead."

XXV. Whoever, playing for a vole,

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RE NOT THE FIRST BY WHOM THE NEW IS TRIED;

loses it, has a right to stakes, sans prendre, and matadores.

xxvi. Forced spadille cannot play for the vole.

xxvii. If any person discover his game he cannot play the vole.

xxviii. No one is to declare how many trumps are out.

xxix. He who plays and does not win three tricks, is basted alone, unless forced spadille.

XXX. If there are two cards of a sort, it is a void deal, if discovered before the deal is played out.

122. RULES FOR LEARNERS.-t. When you are the ombre, and your friend leads from a matt, play your best trump, and then lead the next best the first opportunity.

ii. If you possess all the trumps continue to lead them, except you hold certain other winning cards.

iii. If all the other matts are not revealed by the time you have six tricks, do not run a risk in playing for the vole. iv. When you are the friend called, and hold only a matt, lead it; but if it be guarded by a small trump, lead that. But when the ombre is last player, lead the best trump you possess.

v. Punto in red, or king of trumps in black, are good cards to lead when you are best; and should either of them succeed, then play a small trump.

vi. If the ombre lead to discover his friend, and you have king, queen, and knave, put on the knave.

vii. Preserve the suit called, whether friend or foe.

viii. When playing against a lone hand, never lead a king unless you have the queen; nor change the suit: and prevent, if possible, the ombre from being last player.

ix. You are to call your strongest suits, except you have a queen guarded; and if elder hand, you have a better chance than middle hand.

x. A good player may play a weaker game, either elder or younger, than middle hand.

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and is so called from fifteen being the number to count out. It is usually played by two persons only, and is much admired for its simplicity and fairness, as it depends entirely upon chance, is soon decided, and does not require that attention which most other games do. It is, therefore, particularly calculated for those who love to sport upon an equal chance.

METHOD OF PLAYING.-The cards must be shuffled by the two players, and when they have cut for deal (which falls to the lot of him who cuts the lowest), the dealer has the liberty at this, as well as all other games, to shuffle them again. When this is done, the adversary cuts them; after which, the dealer gives one card to his opponent, and one to himself. Should the dealer's adversary not approve of his card, he is entitled to have as many cards given to him, one after the other, as will make fifteen, or come nearest to that number; which are usually given from the top of the pack: for example-if he should have a deuce, and draw a five, which amounts to seven, he must continue going on, in expectation of coming nearer to fifteen. If he draw an eight, which will make just fifteen, he, as being eldest hand, is sure of winning the game. But if he overdraw himself, and make more than fifteen, he loses, unless the dealer should happen to do the same; which circumstance constitutes a drawn game; and the stakes are consequently doubled. In this manner they persevere, until one of them has won the game, by standing and being nearest to fifteen. At the end of each game the cards are packed and shuffled, and the players again cut for deal. The advantage is invariably on the side of the elder hand.

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NOR YET THE LAST TO CAST THE OLD ASIDE.

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centre turn to places-all advance in two lines-all turn partners. iii. La Dorset.-First lady advance and stop, then the opposite gentleman-both retire, turning round-ladies' hands across half round, and turn the opposite gentlemen with left hands-repeat back to places, and turn partners with left hands.

couple at right-set to couple at left— change places with partners, and set, and pirouette to places-right and left with opposite couple. v. Les Lanciers.

cross over to each other's places; chassez to right and left. Balancez and turn partners. (Four times.) Or Double L'Eté.-Both couples advance and retire at the same time; cross over: advance and retire again; cross to places. Balancez and turn partners. (Four times.) Third Figure, La Poule.-Leading lady and opposite gentleman cross over, iv. L'Etoile. First couple set to giving right hands; recross, giving left hands, and fall in a line. Set four in a line; half promenade. Advance two, and retire (twice). Advance four, and retire; half right and left. (Four times.) The grand chain. The first couple adFourth Figure, Trenise.—The first couple vance and turn facing the top; then the advance and retire twice, the lady couple at right advance behind the top remaining on the opposite side; the two couple; then the couple at left, and the ladies go round the first gentleman, opposite couple, do the same, forming who advances up the centre; balancez two lines. All change places with and turn hands. (Four times.) Fifth partners and back again. The ladies Figure, La Pastorale. The leading turn in a line on the right, the gentlecouple advance twice, leaving the lady men in a line on the left. Each couple opposite the second time. The three meet up the centre. Set in two lines, advance and retire twice. The leading the ladies in one line, the gentlemen in gentleman advance and set. Hands four the other. Turn partners to places. half round; half right and left.* (Four Finish with the grand chain. times.) Sixth Figure, Galop Finale.Top and bottom couples galopade quite round each other. Advance and retire; four advance again, and change the gentlemen. Ladies' chain. Advance and retire four, and regain your partners in your places. The fourth time all galopade for an unlimited period. (Four times.) Or, All galopade or promenade, eight bars. Advance four en galop oblique, and retire, then half promenade, eight bars. Advance four, retire, and return to places with the half promenade, eight bars. Ladies' chain, eight bars. Repeated by the side couples, then by the top and bottom, and lastly by the side couples, finishing with grand promenade.

125. LANCERS.-i. La Rose.-First gentleman and opposite lady advance and set-turn with both hands, retiring to places-return, leading outside-set and turn at corners. ii. La Lodoiska. -First couple advance twice, leaving the lady in the centre set in the

*This or the Trenise must be omitted.

First

126. THE CALEDONIANS. Figure.-The first and opposite couples hands across round the centre and back to places set and turn partners. Ladies' chain. Half promenade-half right and left. Repeated by the side couples. Second Figure. The first gentleman advance and retire twice. All set at corners, each lady passing into the next lady's place on the right. Promenade by all. Repeated by the other couples. Third Figure.-The first lady and opposite gentleman advance and retire, bending to each other. First lady and opposite gentleman pass round each other to places. First couple cross over, having hold of hands, while the opposite couple cross on the outside of them-the same reversed. All set at corners, turn, and resume partners. All advance and retire twice, in a circle with hands joined-turn partners. Fourth Figure. The first lady and opposite gentleman advance and stop; then their partners advance; turn partners to places. The four ladies move to right, each taking the next

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