AQUE-WATERS.

Medicated Waters.

The "Waters" of the New Pharmacopoeia are mostly made in a different manner than by the old standard, viz.: by adding the essential oil to cotton picking and percolating with water. This process, if carefully conducted, gives good results and in some of the waters is an advantage. This is especially true of Cinnamon Water which, when made by the old method, soon became cloudy on account of the action of the Carbonate of Magnesium on the Cinnamic Acid of the oil. With this exception, however, the use of cotton instead of Carbonate of Magnesium or some other insoluble absorbent can hardly be said to be advantageous. The time consumed and " muss made, being as much by the one process as by the other.

In making some considerable quantity of any medicated water by the new process (using cotton), ordinary wool. cards may be used with much advantage in distributing the oil thoroughly through the cotton.

There is no doubt that distilled waters are much better than those filtered through either Carbonate of Magnesium or cotton, and if thus distilled it is unnecessary to use distilled water to prepare them as is directed by the Pharmacopoeia. Medicated Waters distilled from fresh herbs or seeds may be greatly improved by redistilling. When waters are distilled they should be put, while still warm, into small bottles tightly sealed and kept in a cool place. Made and kept in this way they will remain unchanged

distillation. It may be used on any kind of heating apparatus.

Aqua Acidi Carbolici and Aqua Acidi Carbonici which were official in the 1870 are dismissed from the 1880 Pharmacopoeia.

AQUA AMMONIÆ.

Water of Ammonia.

The official strength of this preparation is 10 per cent. by weight of the Ammonia gas. Druggists who buy this are never sure of getting a preparation up to this standard of strength, unless they buy it in carboys of manufacturing chemists of good reputation, and then it often deteriorates before it is used. It is much better and more economical for the retail druggist to make it from the stronger water of ammonia, as follows:

Stronger Water of Ammonia (28°),
Distilled Water,

Mix.

I pint.

11⁄2 pints.

This is much stronger than the " Aqua Ammonia” usually sold by druggists, but makes the official standard. One pint of the stronger to two pints of distilled water is as strong as is usually sold as 3 F, while even one pint of the stronger to three of distilled water, makes a fair Aqua Ammonia.

This water should be kept in an amber bottle, and prepared only in small quantities, as it is liable to decompose.

AQUA ANETHI Br.

Dill Water.

This water is official in the Br. Pharmacopoeia, but not in the U. S. It is made as follows:

Distilled Water,

30 minims. | Oil of Anise,

60 gr's. Cotton,

2 pints.

1880.

30 minims.

60 grains.

2 pints.

Distilled Water,

Rub the oil with the mag- Add the oil to the cotton,

nesium, add the water,

filter.

and

pick, pack and percolate with the water.

Mix the oil, first with the sand, then the water, and distill 4 pints.

AQUA AURANTII FLORUM.

Orange Flower Water.

The 1870 U. S. P. directs 48 troy ounces of recent Orange Flowers, and 16 pints of water, to distill 8 pints.

The 1880 U. S. P. directs 40 parts of recent Orange Flowers and 200 parts of water to distill 100 parts.

As it is next to impossible in this country to obtain recent Orange flowers, the formulæ are of no value to the American druggist.

Triple Orange Flower Water of continental manufacture

may be bought of the importing druggists, and reduced with one or two parts of distilled water.

An inferior Orange Flower Water may be made by rubbing 20 minims of Oil of Orange Flowers (Oil of Neroli) with 60 grains Carbonate of Magnesium, adding 2 pints of water, and filtering.

A better preparation may be made by mixing 30 minims of Oil of Orange Flowers (Neroli) with four ounces of sand and 6 pints of water, and distilling 3 pints.

Neither of these, however, represent the true flavor of the water distilled from the flowers.

The 1880 process for Camphor Water is probably the best that has yet been suggested.

AQUA CARUI, Br.

Caraway Water.

This water is official in the Br. Pharmacopoeia, but not in the U. S. It is considerably used by English and German prescribers, and is, in fact, a finely-flavored water.

It is prepared as follows:

Caraway Fruit bruised,
Water,

Distill 10 pounds.

I pound av. 20 pounds av.

It

may

also be made from the oil.

Oil of Caraway Seed,

Coarse sand,

Water,

I fluiddrachm.

4 ounces.

8 pints.

Mix the oil with the sand, add the water, and distill four pints.

AQUA CHLORI.

Chlorine Water (Aqua Chlorinii, 1870).

The process in the 1870 or 1880 revisions is essentially the same. The name is changed as shown in the heading.

AQUA CHLOROFORMI, Er.

Chloroform Water.

Chloroform, by measure,

Distilled water,

I fluiddrachm.

24 fluidounces.

Put them in a quart bottle, and shake together. A small portion of the chloroform will remain undissolved in the bottom.

Mix the oil with the sand, add the water, and distill four

pints.