Anglo-Danubian Association, 259
Animal industries, 44-47

Animals, domestic, 44

and

Association for the Advancement of
Franco-Dutch Commerce, 268
Automobile industry, 61

Balance of trade, 125-143; foreign
investments and, 126; general
discussion of the, 125-130; meas-
ures adopted to secure favorable,
273; merchant marine and, 127;
precious metals and, 272; specie
and, 128

Balance of trade of the United States,

131-143; conditions down to 1820,
131; 1821-1837, 132; 1838-1849,
132; 1850-1873, 133; 1874-1895,
134; 1896 to the outbreak of
the World War, 135; during the
World War, 136; since the armis-
tice, 139; "invisible" items in,
141; opinions of experts on future
of, 142
Balfour, Lord, 253

Bank acceptance business, no de-
sire to monopolize on part of
United States, 215

Bank acceptance, in domestic trade,
201; in the export trade, 213
Bank credit, 196; factors underlying
the extension of, 197; necessity of
bank acquiring various sorts of
credit data, 198

Banking facilities, American, and
export trade extension, 208
Barter universal in earlier times,
190

Bessemer process of steel manufac-
ture, 59

Bill of exchange, 194, 201

Bill of lading, 202

Black Ball Line, 160

Board of Trade, British, 252, 256,
258

Bonded warehouses, 156

Boots and shoes, manufacture of, 65
Bottomry, loans on, 171

British Trade Corporation, 257, 259
Broke Insurance policy, 173, 174
Bureau of Foreign and Domestic
Commerce, 92, 93, 229, 234; or-
ganization of, 235; primary purpose
of, 235; publications of, 236
Bureau of the Levant, 268
Bureau of Statistics, reports of, 78
Bureau of War Risk Insurance, 185

Canadian reciprocity treaty, 292
Canal era, 146

Capital and interest accounts of the
Ünited States, 140

Cash sales, ease of financing, 195
Cattle, 44

Census Bureau, 53, 59, 78

Cereals (other than maize and wheat),
39

Chamber of Commerce for the Export
Trade (France), 268

Chamber of Commerce of the United
States of America, 237, 242; For-
eign Commerce Department in, 244;
membership of, 243
Charter traffic, 159
Checks, 194, 195

Chemicals and allied products, 67
Climate, its effect upon trade, 10, 11;
factor in production, 10

Coal, 24; principal areas in United
States, 25

Coastwise transportation, 154
Cobden commercial treaty, 276
Collins Line, 161

Commerce, causes of rapid growth
of world's, 220; classification of,
72; meaning of, 72
Commercial attaché service, 236
Commercial letter of credit, in the
export trade, 212; in the import
trade, 217

Commercial paper, 194
Commercial policies, characteristics
of those of European countries, 285
Commercial policy, 269-301; mean-
ing of, 269

Commercial policy of the United
States, future, 299; influence of
the World War on, 297; influences
affecting, 289; present situation,
298

Comparative costs, doctrine of, 14,
15, 57

Congressional Committee on the
Merchant Marine and Fisheries,
183

Consular service, American, 229; im-

provements inaugurated in 1906,
230; present status of, 231
Consuls, special, for investigation of
economic questions, 232
Coöperation in production, 4
Copper, 29

Cotton, 41; activities involved in
production of, 5; a characteristic
American product, 41; its position
in the export trade prior to 1860, 95;
loans on, 205; manufacture of,
56; movement of crop, 42
Credit, extension of, 193, 196; as a
factor in trading operations, 192;
open, 211
Cumberland Road, 146

Cunard Line, 160

Currency, two leading classes of,

192

Dairy products, 45

Department of Agriculture, 229
Department of Commerce, 92, 93,

117, 229

Department of Overseas Trade,
British, 256

Department of State, 229, 233, 234
Diplomatic service, 233

Documentary draft, or documentary
bill of exchange, 215

Domestic and export trade subject to
same principles, 194

Domestic products, proportions ex-
ported, 102

Domestic shipments of funds, 206
Domestic system, 4

Domestic trade, 73-88; concentra-

tion of manufacturing industries
as affecting, 82; growth of city
population increases, 83; impor-
tance and magnitude of marketing
problems in, 87; instances of pro-
motion of, 224; marketing manu-
factured goods in, 87; marketing
problems in, 85; marketing the
products of agriculture, 86
Domestic trade of the United States,
all goods produced not exchanged,
76; estimates of, 73, 74; promo-
tion of, 223; regional distribution
of industries basic in, 80; of
relatively great magnitude, 75;
sources of information on history
of, 77; why it is large, 79; widen-
ening the market, 84
Drafts, 194, 212
Drawback system, 156
Dyestuffs, 68

Economic Conference in Paris, 281
Edge Act, 211, 299
Electrical industry, 69
Engines, manufacture of, 61
Erie Canal, 79, 146, 154
Exchange, evolution of, 7; multiplied
by diversity of man's wants, 8;
necessity for, 2, 5; roundabout
methods in, 191

Export statistics, compilation of, 93

Export trade, 89-108; fundamen-
tal conditions of a prosperous,
188; movement for promotion,
100; post-war, 106; during the
World War, 104, 106

Export trade expansion, relation of
merchant marine to, 164
Export trade of the United States,
before 1860, 94, 95; 1860-1900,
96; 1900-1913, 100; promotion
of, 227-249

Exported domestic merchandise,
classified by great groups, 1860-
19, 99; 100c 1913, IOI
Exports, classification of, 93; des-
tination of, 1860-1900, 99; des-
tination of, 1900-1913, 102; in-
terpretation of excess of, 125;
leading, at end of 19th century,
96;
new schedule of American,
92; relative decline of agricul-
tural, 101; value and volume of,
during war, 104

Factory system, 4, 49
Fahey, John H., 246

Federal Bill of Lading Act, 203
Federal Forest Service, 32
Federal Reserve Act, 201, 209, 213;
provisions of, 210

Federal Reserve Board, 201, 211,
215, 229

Federal tonnage tax, 157

Federal Trade Commission, 229
Federation of British

Industries,

257, 258
Financing, of American commerce,
190; of domestic trade, 194-207; of
export trade, 207-217; of farmers'
crops, 204-206; of foreign trade,
190-219; of import trade, 217-219;
general considerations in regard to
the import trade, 217; through
London no longer necessary, 219
Fisheries, 47

Flora and fauna, 30
Flour, manufacture of, 55
Food products, 53

Foreign investments and the balance
of trade, 126

Foreign trade, bilateral, 89, 109;
danger of exaggerating importance
of, 71; dependent upon both in-

land and water transportation,
144; measuring of, 89; in relation
to domestic trade, 71-88; uniform
classification of statistics of, 91
Forest resources, 31
Foundry and machine-shop products,

60

France, changes effected by the war,
265; development of the colonies,
268; post-war organizations, gov-
ernmental and semi-official, 266;
pre-war situation in foreign com-
merce, 264; private organizations
for the promotion of foreign com-
merce, 267

Free trade, 274; movement in Eng-
land, 275; movement outside of
England, 276

Free zones in American ports, 155
Freight rates on the Great Lakes,
151
Fruits, 40

Germany, developments during and
after the war, 262; features of
trade promotion of, 261; industrial
and commercial expansion of re-
cent date, 259

Gold, 30; discovery of, in California,
133

Great Britain, changes effected by
the war, 252; Department of
Overseas Trade, 255, 256, 257;
governmental credits to facili-
tate the export trade, 258; other
trade-promoting activities, 258;
pre-war trade promotion, 250;
report on commercial and indus-
trial policy after the war, 253

Great Lakes, greatest inland water-
way in the world, 51, 150; mer-
chant fleet of, 152; traffic on, has
not declined, 151

Handicraft, 3, 4
Hanseatic League, 172
Harbors and shipping, 155
Harding, W. P. G., 215
Hawaiian reciprocity treaty, 293
Huebner, S. S., 166

Immigration, to the United States,
34

264

236,

Imperial Ministry of the Interior,
261

Importations should be made reason-
ably easy, 226

Import trade, 109-124; general con-
siderations of, 109; public atti-
tude toward, 109

Import trade of the United States,
before 1860, 118; 1860-1900,
119; 1900-1913, 122; factors affect-
ing the character of, 115; post-
war, 124; promotion of, 225; dur-
ing the World War, 123
Imports, changes in general content
of, 1860-1900, 119; classification
and valuation of, 116; excess of,
will not mean disaster, 142; likely
to exceed exports, 140; new sched-
ules of, 117; sources of, 122; trade
theory argues for, III
Individualism, 251; reaction against,
280

Industrial Commission, 78, 85
Industrial organization, modern, 4
Industrial Revolution, 3, 4, 251, 275
Industries, American, 36-70; agri-
cultural, 36-44; animal, 44-47;
manufacturing, 49-70; mineral, 47–

48
Industries, manufacturing, concen-
tration of, as affecting domestic
trade, 82; regional distribution of,
basic in domestic trade, 80
Inland waterways, 148;
control of, 149

Federal

Insurance, banking, and shipping
vital to foreign trade, 186
Insurance Company of North Amer-
ica, 179

International Chamber of Commerce,

244; benefits to be derived from,
246; purpose and membership of,

245
International Congress of Chambers
of Commerce and Industrial and
Commercial Organizations, 244
International Trade Conference,

Investments, American, abroad, 141;
foreign, and the balance of trade,

126

Iron, 26; manufactures of, 58

Jones Act, 155

Kartells, 262

Key industries, dependence on other
countries for products of, unde-
sirable, 112, 225

L'Association National d'Expansion
Economique, 265, 267

La Fédération Générale de la Produc-
tion Française, 267

Labor, division of, 2, 4; group, 3;
impracticable without exchange,
2; keystone of production, 4;
within the business unit, 5
Labor and capital, increasing the
effectiveness of, 223

Laissez-faire system, 228, 274
Lamont, Thomas W., 114
Leather and its products, 64
Line traffic, 159

Linen, manufacture of, 58
Lloyd's of London, 172; origin of,
175; development of, 176; the
modern, 176

Loans, typical methods of making,
199-206; single-name paper,
199; two-name paper, 200; trade
and bank acceptance, 200; on
raw cotton, 204-205; on other
farm crops, 206; upon the security
of a bill of lading, 202; upon the
security of warehouse receipts,
203

Lombard merchants, 170, 172
London Assurance Corporation,

178

Lumber, and its products, 62
Lumbering industry, changes in
location, 63

McKinley, William, 114
Maize, 31, 38

Manufactures, 49-70; earlier con-
ditions of, 49; increasing promi-
nence in export trade, 1860-1900,
98; marketing of, in the United
States, 87; relative decline of,