COMMENCEMENT WEEK.

(Concluded from page 135.)

was responded to by George R. Crisman, '92. Last, but by no means least,came President Taylor with his characteristic "one word more," bringing to a close one of the pleasantest events in the history of the alumni.

Fireworks and Final Farewells.

The closing exercises of the year were signalized Thursday evening by the discharge of fireworks on the Normal lawn, followed by an impromptu program in Albert Taylor hall, during which repetitions of many of the pleasantest musical numbers of the week were called for and some of them given, provoking enthusiastic encores. The different classes assembled in the various rooms and halls for a final word. The school year of '97 was ended, the vacation begun.

Board of Regents Meet.

The Board of Regents met on the evening of June 10 and were in session each day until Friday noon. The usual reports were passed upon and much routine matter disposed of. A variety of improvements and repairs were ordered and arrangements made for the repair of the west wing. Miss Mary S. Taylor, class of '94, principal of the high school at Ellsworth, Kansas, was elected second assistant in mathematics, Miss Maud Hamilton, '96, principal of the Girard high school, assistant in Latin and pedagogics, Miss Hattie Cochran, '90, third assistant in English, Mr. Van Voris, '97, assistant in chemical laboratory and special teacher in elementary physiolygy, Miss Lottie Crary, '96, assistant in natural history department and special teacher in physical geography, Miss Anna Carll, critic teacher in the model school. The resignation of Professor Kelly was accepted and Professor L. C. Wooster, of Eureka, Kansas, was elected to fill the vacancy. The other positions were not definitely filled, but will be at the next meeting of the Board, July 13. Miss Crary declined the offer of natural history assistantship to accept a position at a higher salary in Marysville, Montana, and Mr. A. J. Stout, of the Emporia city schools, was offered the position. He decided to remain in his present position and it is now hoped that Miss Crary may remain. Messrs. C. W. Jones and G. M. Scott were appointed night watchmen.

It was ordered that members of the battalion should, in the future, be subject to the same rules concerning tardiness and absences as students in other exercises of the school. A numerously signed petition from the alumni, asking that the degree of bachelor of pedagogy be established, was received and the following adopted:

Resolved: That graduates of the Latin and English courses who complete the course prepared for post graduate work in the institution shall be granted the degree of Bachelor of Pedagogy.

The Regents attended the various exercises of the week, including the banquets, and made many pleasant acquaintances. Regent Dodge was absent on account of sickness, much to the regret of the Board and of the friends generally.

Notes.

Rev. Dr. Jackson was the guest of Judge W. C. Simpson of this city, a former schoolmate in Shurtleff College, Illinois.

Dr. Washington Gladden spoke at the State University on the morning of June 9, and at the State Agricultural College on the morning of June 10.

The office was never so busy during commencement week as this year. If the attendance continues to grow, it will be necessary to emyloy some more clerks.

All were pleased to see the Rev. T. H. Dinsmore, now nearly eighty years of age, as a guest at our exercises. He is a stanch advocate of higher education as well as of higher morality, and always finds a hearty welcome in these walls.

The MONTHLY thinks that no spread given here in recent years has been more artistically correct and pleasing than that given by the alumni society on Thursday afternoon under the supervision of its committee, Misses Elva Clarke, Pearl Stuckey and Eva McNally.

For some reason, the bouquets for the seniors were hardly as numerous on commencement day as in former years. It was probably due to the inability of many of the friends to secure fine flowers, the supply having been exhausted earlier in the week.

The weather was delightfully cool during most of the time, though it warmed up a little on Thursday morning to remind us what it could do in an emergency. The rain, too, disappointed us once or twice, but taken as a whole we had great cause for thankfulness.

Probably no amateur or even professional quartette ever created so much enthusiasm on our platform as did Mrs. Harris, Mrs. Hewett, Miss McCabe and Miss Harris on the evening of the alumni association meeting. They were called back again and again and their singing at the reunion on Thursday evening was as warmly applauded.

Among the boys and girls whom it delighted us to welcome back for the festivities of the week, were George R. Crisman, '92-'97, W. C. Coleman, '93, George I. Adams, '90, Tillie Swanson, '93, Mamie Dolphin, '83, H. M. Means, '95, George W. Plummer, '94, Charles Johnson, '93-'95, Mrs. Grisham, '82, A. M. Fosdick, '95, Mary E. Foulke, '95, Anna Osborne, 96, and others.

The annual consecration meeting of the Christian Endeavor society, at four o'clock Sunday afternoon, was well attended and proved full of precious inspiration and of helpful suggestion. It was the climax for the year and particularly for the work of the term. Many former members were present and their good words encouraged all. As the circle was formed around Albert Taylor hall and the last words were sung together, a fervent prayer that all might meet in the land beyond closed the solemn exercise of the hour.

The various societies held large and enthusiastic meetings at their halls on Friday evening, special programs being provided in some of them. The seniors made farewell addresses and the juniors bade them "God speed" in the outside world. The Literati society admitted only by ticket. Nearly one-half of the members of the graduating class belong to this society. Of course there was much in the way of talk of the coming contest and many encouraging and hopeful words were uttered in both Literati and Belles-Lettres circles.

Several members of the class have already secured good positions and we hope that none may fail to realize their highest anticipations. Among those who report engagements are the following: Misses Avery and DeBaun will teach in the schools of Pleasanton next year; Misses Smith and Bell, at Valley Falls; Miss Hornaday at Chanute; Miss Nelson at Concordia; Miss Nall at Marion; Miss Sandborn, in the Dickinson county high school at Chapman; Miss Sallie Stewart at Bozeman, Montana, and Mr. Davis in the State Agricultural College at Manhattan. We are assured that our friends have appreciated the excellent services of our associate editor, Mr. Charles S. Davis, in supervising so many handsome numbers of the STATE NORMAL MONTHLY for our readers during the past year. Mr. Davis is not only a good writer, but a practical printer and a fine proof reader as well. He has recently been appointed as superintendent of the printing department of the State Agricultural College at Manhattan. All of us join in hearty congratulations to Mr. Davis and to the College authorities that have made so wise a choice. While in the institution, Mr. Davis has made many warm personal friends and he will easily command the respect and confidence of his new co-workers as well as of the boys and girls in the College. We wish him the abundant success he so richly deserves.

Professor Kelly Resigns.

Soon after Doctor Dinsmore's resignation was announced, we were all again surprised and grieved to hear that Professor D. S. Kelly had accepted the superintendency of the Jeffersonville, Indiana, schools. He occupied the same position before coming to Emporia, and the call was so urgent, coupled with a fine advance in salary, that he at last yielded. Professor Kelly was elected to the chair which he now resigns in the summer of 1885, and the twelve years of faithful service have given him a high place among our faculty and the teachers of the state. From one room, the department has grown until it now needs seven rooms for its accommodation, the museum being one of the best selected and the most comprehensive for its purpose of any in the United States. The organization of this work has been a labor of love with Professor Kelly and he leaves it with great reluctance. His influence throughout the school has ever been for higher and nobler things. Not only has the work in natural history been magnified here, but in every nook and corner of the state through his efforts. During the twelve years, probably three thousand different students have taken work in his department and have learned to love the world of life around them as never before. Mrs. Kelly has always been largely identified with our work here, and faculty and students alike will miss her genial words and friendly counsel which she is ever ready to give. Both of them were prominent in the work of the Christian church in this state and there is hardly a phase of school or religious life that will not suffer loss because of their removal.

As a slight token of their affection and good wishes, the students presented Professor Kelly with a handsome cut glass water bottle on the morning of June 9.

A FEW days ago we received the sad news of the death of Mrs. Sue Crichton Hoxie, who for several years was the beloved critic teacher in the intermediate grade in the model school here. She was a woman of noble motives, high ideals of womanhood, a thorough-going teacher, conscientious, devoted to her work and made friends with children and grown people alike. Since leaving here, she taught in the Topeka city schools, and in the Toledo, Ohio, schools. Her health was particularly good during the fall and winter and she wrote to her friends of the great pleasure which her school work was affording her. When her husband left her on Friday morning, she seemed in the best of health, but he had not gone beyond call when his little girl called to him "Mama is sick." He returned to find her lying on the floor unconscious; no medical aid could restore her, the end coming on Sunday afternoon. It proved to be a sudden stroke of apoplexy. Her body was brought to Parsons, Kansas, where loving hands and sympathetic hearts performed the last sad rites. Her work here will not soon be forgotten, and there are thousands who have cause to rejoice because of having come under the influence of her beautiful spirit.

DOCTOR AND MRS. T. H. DINSMORE gave their last reception to the members of the faculty on the evening of June 2. Though the thought of their going cast a shadow over the company, it was quickly thrown off as the usual good cheer of the home was immediately infectious. By an auction through Mr. Ellsworth, a "properly licensed auctioneer," they disposed of a great many of their "worthless effects" which they did not wish to take with them. For an hour the company was kept in an uproar of merriment by the shrewd bidders and the witty auctioneer. In bidding the host and hostess good night, many regrets were expressed that this should be the last of the many happy evenings at their home. As a slight token of their affection and respect, the students gave Professor Dinsmore a handsome cut glass water bottle at the mass meeting on Wednesday morning.

OUR Professor M'Louise Jones was highly honored the other day in being elected to the principalship of the Bay View University at Bay View, Michigan. The University session begins about the middle of July and continues several weeks. For many years past it has been growing rapidly in popularity and efficiency, and is already a dangerous rival to the Chautauqua summer school at Chautauqua, New York. Many of the best teachers and educational leaders of the country are employed there each year. The election was a great surprise to Professor Jones, who had persistently declined any proposition looking towards such an action. The managing board kindly relieved her of any responsibility whatever concerning the preliminary arrangements for the summer session, and she will not assume any duties until after a short rest at home.

The Belles-Lettres Society.

The programs for the past month have been of the usual high order. J. B. McClure is now acting president. Messrs. Heck, Bradford and Stroup are among our old members who have returned. The B class debate was a success, both sides showing a careful study of the question discussed. Our hall has rung with many triumphant shouts and has seen the culmination of many brilliant victories, but never to such an extent as on the evening of the Inter-State contest. The hall was the Iowa headquarters; brilliantly decorated with the colors of the state, crimson, purple and white, mingled with the society colors. The Iowa delegation held its reception here after the brilliant victory of the Hawkeye orator. It will be a long time before the society has another such an honor. The members evidently realized this, for all used their utmost endeavors to make the visitors wel

come.

And now the year '97 is drawing to a close. But one more event is of general interest to the society-the June debate. May our debaters meet with the success they deserve. During the past year "ye reporter" has tried to chronicle the events of the society in an interesting way, believing there is no other society like the Belles-Lettres society, and feeling honored at the opportunity to make its absent members thrill with pleasant memories, as well as to record interesting proceedings. Farewell, and may the Belles-Lettres society see many years as prosperous as the present one has been.

The Philomathian Society.

With this issue is closed another year's record of successful work. Looked at from one point of view, this year may be said to have been a failure, as we have won none of the great "battles" of the year. But from another point we have made a grand success. We had two representatives in the oratorical contest who were a credit to their society. Our debaters and dramatic art people made a grand fight, and we have two of the six commencement speakers, one of which is valedictorian. One of our members has represented the school as vice president of the Inter-State League. Another is class day orator. But our most successful results have come from the steady, persistent work from week to week in the regular duties of the society.

Within the society have been formed many warm friendships, impossible in the constant changes of the class room. Here our cares have been laid aside, and for one hour each week we have endeavored to cultivate the social side of intellectual life. Here seniors and members of the lower classes me et on equal terms, and the ties of friendship have been strengthened.

Many of our members leave us never to return. May success attend them in the busy cares of life. May the friendships grow deeper, may the aspirations become more noble, and may the influence which emanates from our dear old hall spread through the entire state, and may those who return carry forward with untiring efforts the work which has been so nobly begun, is our earnest wish.

The total enrollment at the State Normal School last year was 1801. Will you not enroll for 1897-8? Send to President A. R. Taylor, Emporia, for catalogues, etc.

Weerus Sen

The Common House Fly.

(E. E. Balcomb, '94, Teacher Natural Science, Oregon State Normal School, Monmouth.)

As our O. S. N. Webfoot was walking about one day his sharp eyes, which were always on the lookout for something new, he espied three little specks about as large as the point of a pin. (The O. S. N. Webfoot belongs to the new school which believes in using the senses as well as the textbook in the study of natural science.)

His curiosity was at once awakened and he examined them carefully. (His rule was never to injure anything he found so that he might learn something from it.) But after the closest observations he could not determine what they were, for he had never seen anything of the kind before. So he did what every child should do. He ran to his teacher and asked her what they were.

She gave them a careful examination and asked where he found them. He said: "Out by the barn in some decaying substances." His teacher then told him that it was doubtless the egg of the common house fly, and that if he would look around where he had found the three he would likely find many more.

(Notice that the teacher inquired about all the facts in the case before answering her pupil's questions.)

His teacher encouraged him to go on with the study of the fly from these eggs that he had found. She told him that she would help him in every way that she could. If there should arise questions about the fly that she could not answer she would help him find the answer in some suitable book. She also told him that much could be learned by examining the fly with the unaided eye, but to help him she loaned him a magnifying glass, and in case of necessity he was to use a compound microscope if he could find one. This he did at the home of a physician. She also encouraged him to make drawings of what he saw. (She said to herself, "the easiest way to keep a mischievious boy quiet is to keep him interested and busy.") Presently the whole school was interested in learning about the fly.

Our little friend viewed the egg through the magnifying glass and sketched it something like this. tle egg was carefully replaced where It was in early summer and the great warm, gentle beams down to com

Then the litit was found. sun sent his fort the little

egg. Then, too, the man in the moon, who changes so that you hardly know him twice a fortnight, looked down with the kindest of eyes and the broadest of smiles at night.

The gentle south wind kissed and caressed the little egg for a day or so until one fine morning it awoke. Had it been blessed with any eyes it would doubtless have rubbed them for the light was very bright. Our little but he could scarcely belooking for a little baby fly so tiny you could scarcely from an egg it might have

came and looked at him lieve his eyes for he was just like its mamma but see it. Or since it came been covered with down,

had a cute little bill, two stout legs, and the smallest wee toes at the end. But it had no bill, no down, and no nose; no legs,

a week (5 to 7 days.) Then he grew sleepy and as he could find no snug bed in which to take his nap he did just as you do when you are out camping, he rolled himself up in a blanket. There was this difference; he had no warm woolen blanket so he grew smaller and smaller until his dried and hardened skin formed a case or blanket for him. Don't you think he slept soundly all tucked in like this?

He slept so soundly that he did not wake for about another week, (5 to 7 days.)

When he was asleep he lost his worm shape and looked like some of the mum

M

Pupa case.

--sp.

Do you

mies exhibited at the World's Fair. He is now called a coarctate pupa. suppose that he was comfortable with his legs and arms so cramped up and no chance to straighten them them out? Well, he did get very tired of this, and one day he made up his mind to free himself from such an uncomfortable position. So he broke through his shell, or blanket, as we have called it. He was so limp and wet from being wrapped up tightly so long, that he could hardly move. You know how pleasant it is on a chilly day to sit in some warm place in the sunshine and do nothing but let day dreams chase each other through your mind. The poor wet fly stood where the sun shone and warmed himself while a gentle little puff of wind smoothed the wrinkles out of his wings. In a few minutes he was warm and dry, and flew away to have his picture taken. You see that the O. S. N. Webfoot after taking the picture was kind enough to name the different parts. Catch a fly and examine him carefully. Do not pull off his wings or treat him cruelly. You will notice that his abdomen (marked 3 in the drawing) is made of a number of rings. It is in this part of his body that his food is digested. Another part is called the thorax; (2 in the drawing.) As the name might suggest his lungs are located here. His lungs are called spiracles and in the pictures of the maggot and the pupa they are marked sp. So you see that the fly ever since he came from the egg has had lungs and breathed the same kind of air that you have.

A few days later our O. S. N. Webfoot continued his examination of the fly. He was very much surprised to find that it had six legs. Only think of it. Six legs! Do you think you could run three times as fast if you had three times as many legs? Our friend concluded that the little fly would have to use one pair as hands.

He thought it great sport to watch the fly rub his hands (or feet) together briskly for a few moments and then dexterously pass them over his cute little head which he ducked at the same time. While he was washing his face he stood only on four feet. After this, the two feet (or hands) were put down and two more were rubbed together, then passed carefully over his wings and abdomen.

The feet of this near neighbor of man have received much attention even from scientists.

At first the O. S. N. Webfoot could not understand why people should be so interested in a fly's foot-a foot so small that you could put it through the eye of a needle. Just then he saw a fly walk right up a window pane and another go across the ceiling. "How strange it would be," he thought, "to see a man walk up the side of the room, and across the ceiling with his head hanging down like that." Then he realized how remarkable it was that a fly could do this, and thought it no wonder that people studied about it a great deal. He became anxious himself, to know how the fly could perform such a wonderful feat.

He learned that the people used to think the fly did this by

atmospheric pressure, on the same principle as the air pump. The air pump is quite a complicated machine, nevertheless these wise people concluded that the fly must have one in each tiny foot.

Even now statements may be found in books, published some years ago, about the vacuum produced under a fly's foot.

It was especially hard to prove whether or not this theory was true; because, if the fly should be placed in an air tight vessel and the air exhausted so that the fly could not make use of his delicate foot pump, he would have no air to breathe and would die the same as any other member of the animal kingdom.

The people who know most about the subject have decided that the fly has two pads on each foot, besides a very little mucilage which enables him to stick to smooth surfaces.

Our little Webfoot thought perhaps you would like to see a photograph of the foot as these

people saw it through the magnifying glass.

The picture shows the broad, flat foot and some of the joints of the leg.

But, if the fly does not use the air for his feet as used to be supposed he has a still more important use for it, to breathe.

we

The peculiarity about a fly's breathing is that he does not inhale through his nostrils as do but through little holes, called spiracles, located in the side of his body, or better, in the thorax. They are indicated by figure 2 in the picture of the fly.

Foot.

Our Webfoot never knew before why you could not drown a fly by holding his head under water but now it was very clear. A fly's head is nearly all mouth and eyes. The mouth has many parts. Most of them are very small in the house fly (musca domestica) and are very difficult to study. His teacher told him that there were other insects in which these parts were more developed, and he had better wait and study them. One part of the mouth is pretty well developed, and that is the tongue. The fly does not keep his tongue in his mouth when not in use, but bends it back under his head. You can watch a fly do this little piece of slight of hand performance if you will put a moist lump of sugar on a plate and be careful not to scare the flies away that come to eat. Notice how he unbends his tongue to lap up the sweet, and then doubles it up again almost as you would a jack knife.

At the end his tongue divides into two thin pieces which spread out and look something as your hands would if placed on the table, palms down.

When not in use these two flat surfaces fold together and form a little knob on the end of his proboscis. There are little ridges across the tongue like a rasp or a file. With this file he can scrape hard substances. It is by means of this curious structure that the busy house fly occasions so much mischief to the covers of our books.

You will remember the O. S. N. Webfoot discovered that the part of the fly's head which was not mouth, was eyes. How many do you suppose the fly has? I presume you will guess two. No, that is not right, he has three right in the

middle of his fore

head; they appear

as three black dots Mouth Parts: m mandibles. arranged in the

form of a triangle, in

the drawing.

But more wonderful are the two thousand compound eyes on each side of these

What a winking and a blinking there would Compound Eyes. be if the fly had any eyelids, but he has none. His many, many eyes are open all the time. Do you wonder now that you cannot surprise him?

Catch a fly and notice how delicately his wings are constructed. See that neat little frame work which holds out the gauzy covering. The motion of the fly's wings helps to make

It is not surprising that he can keep up with a horse that is running.

There are just the smallest remains of what naturalists suppose to be another pair of wings. (Marked 3 in cut of fly.) Pick up a fly and find them for yourself. These are called halters or balancers. They aid the fly in his many maneuvers of flight.

The O. S. N. Webfoot hurried to school on Monday morning to see if the teacher had any more questions about the fly, for he felt sure he had found out everything.

He was also curious to see what quotation she had written on the board. (It was her custom to have some good quotation on the board each week, and since the school had taken such a deep interest in Natural Science, the quotations had been something about nature.) Upon entering the door and turning to the left, he saw this question: "How ARE FLIES DESTROYED?" And just below it was a fly, a very peculiar looking fly, all stretched out, and dead.

He was so much interested in this fly and the cause of its death that he almost forgot to read the beautiful words of Longfellow, behind the teacher's desk, in which the poet represents nature as giving an invitation to study.

"How are flies destroyed?" repeated the O. S. N. Webfoot. "This is surely one way," thought he, "because this fly is not at all like the other dead ones I have noticed." He observed that his legs were straightened out as if it were alive. Around the abdomen which seemed larger than usual, were rings of white. (By mistake the Webfoot pictured the abdomen a little too long.) The rings of white looked like mold.

Seeing his teacher approaching he thought to take the fly to her, but lo! as he touched it, it crumbled to dust.

Sorrowfully he told her of the misfortune. She, too, was disappointed in not having the diseased fly to show the school. However, she consoled per pupil and explained that this fly probably had the disease common to flies, in which there seems to be a real mold working in and around the body, using up all the soft parts and leaving only the shell. This was why it crumbled so easily on being touched.

She added that the science teacher at the Normal thought there might be some way to cultivate the disease and use it to kill other flies as Professor Snow did the disease of the chinch bug. In that case, instead of buying fly traps or poisons, you simply purchase some diseased flies and put them here and there about the room. Soon all the other flies would have the disease. But upon experimenting he found that this disease is not as contagious as that of the chinch bug.

The Webfoot was then left to himself to think about and find out other ways in which flies are destroyed. At first he could only think of fly poisons and other means which people have of ridding themselves of the pests.

(To be continued.)

BOOK NOTICES AND REVIEWS.

The next term at the State Normal School opens September 7. Send for circulars.

'87. Miss Etta Judd has been appointed to a position in the Chicago city schools.

'87. Miss Alfreda Judd has been teaching in the Colorado Springs schools, Colorado, for several months.

'96. Mr. J. A. Cooley writes us that he is already practicing law at Kirksville, Missouri. He wishes to be remembered most warmly to his Normal School friends.

'86. We were greatly pleased the other day to welcome our old friend, Clarence J. Smith, who has been teaching in the Panhandle for four years past, during the past year at Miami, Texas.

'92. Rena Elder taught at Edgewood, California, last year. Her sister. Anna taught in the city schools of Ft. Jones, California. They are near the foot of Mount Shasta and are enthusiastic concerning the beautiful and picturesque scenery around them.

ONE FARE FOR ROUND TRIP PLUS $2.50. Travel is a joy to those who know how to get the most out of it.

Luxurious

Pullmans, comfortable chair cars, modern day coaches, regular and appetizing meals at dining-rooms or in dining-cars, in con nection with shortest distance and time between given points, makes traveling a pleasure at any season of the year. This is what you pay for and get when your ticket reads via Santa Fe Route. National Educational Association, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, July 6 to 9, 1897.

A REQUEST: Please mention the MONTHLY when ordering any of the following-named books.

The Forge in the Forest. An Acadian Romance. By Charles G. D. Roberts. With seven full page illustrations by Henry Sandborn, R. C. A. Being the narrative of the Acadian ranger, Jean de Mer. Seigneur de Breiart, and How He Crossed the Black Abbi; and of His Adventures in a Strange Fellowship. Boston, 6 Beacon St.: Lamson, Wolffe & Co...

net

Everybody enjoys a good story, and if the story is well written, plausible, and set amid nature's scenes of wildness and grandeur, then the effect is similar to that of realization, and with quickened pulse and aroused energies the reader advances nearer to the ideal. Acadia, with its historic and legendary lore, furnishes a splendid field for the play of the imagination. The author has given to the world a vivid and entrancing story, containing much of value and nothing objectionable to the most critical.

American Lands and Letters. From the Mayflower to Rip Van Winkle. By Donald G. Mitchell, author of "Reveries of a Bachelor." With portraits, views, facsimiles and other illustrations. 12mo. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons

No more attractive or valuable book has come to our table for a long time. It is handsome, skillfully written, and intensely interesting. The illustrations are rare and abundant. The catalogue of the illustrations fills nearly eight pages. While the author has excluded all writers born in this century, he has resurrected many whose names and fame have been forgotten, and it is simply delightful to go with him to old Virginia, and New England and call upon Wigglesworth, Morton of Merry Mount, Dr. Edwards, Percival, Irving, Prescott, Bryant, and many others. The information is full enough for any but a specialist, and entertaining and instruc tive, as all of Mr. Mitchell's piquant and charming books seem to be.

125

250

Kindness of G. P. Putnam's Sons.

The Great Lakes and the inland resorts of Wisconsin, Minnesota and Michigan afford means of enjoyment despite the heat of summer. Cool breezes, generous shade. If you want a vacation at reasonable cost and at seasonable period, apply to agent Santa Fe Route, or W. J. Black, G. P. A., A. T. & S. F. Ry., Topeka, Kansas, for details. Quickly reached via Santa Fe Route.

Cool breezes are most appreciated during the summer, when the hot sun makes its presence felt. Milwaukee is situated right on breezy Michigan's shores, and the temperature there is usually just right. If you expect to attend the National Educational meeting to be held July 6-9, 1897, you will find the shortest and most comfortable line to be the Santa Fe Route. W. J. Black, G. P. A., Topeka, Kas.

From a photograph by Valentine Bros., Dundee. Let Him First Be a Man! Essays, Chiefly Relating to Education and Culture. By W. H. Venable, LL. D., author of "The Teacher's Dream." A book for all who read, think, teach, or learn. Boston: Lee & Shepard

After discussing, in brief, the nature and educability of man, and the motive of all education, the writer ventures to make a few suggestions concerning the special function of schools in the vast work of general education, and touches slightly upon methods of govern. ment and instruction under the exclusive heading, "Schoolmastery." Then follow brief essays on the essential elements of mental and moral development, and on the importance of reading as a means to superior culture. About a third part of the volume is taken up with studies in the history of education. There is a vast amount of instructive matter in the book, and it is of especial value to teachers, although of interest and value to anyone. Besides the book possesses an originality and beauty that charms and stimulates to a higher and better being. It is a truly remarkable book and we urge all teachers to send for a copy.

1 25

Elements of Psychology. By George Croom Robertson. Edited by C.
A. Foley Rhys Davids. New York: Chas. Scribner's Sons....... 5. 1 00