people to pitch a big lodge with the door toward the rising sun, and that when this lodge was pitched he would show himself to them; he would go into the lodge and sing to them, and would again bring game into the country around them. The lodge was pitched, the young man appeared, the boys recognized him and cried out: There comes the man.' He came toward the lodge, around which the people of the camp crowded, crying and holding their hands up

toward the Great Spirit. He walked around the people to the left, and entering the lodge at the door, remained within for four days and four nights singing; at the end of the fourth night he unrolled the arrows which he had in a bundle, and immediately after the buffaloes swarmed about the camp, bellowing and pawing the earth, some even went into the big lodge and were there killed. The young man then said that he was going away, but that before he left he wanted a beautiful young woman who was in the camp. The

woman was given to him and he went away, and has never been seen since. Our people thought he got these sacred arrows from Bear Butte, and that he went back there. Game was plenty, and roots and berries grew in abundance, and many kinds of fruit that before this time we had known nothing about. Before going away the young man told us many things, explained to us how to live, and said that instead of being one of our people he was a god. He said that there were people in a far-off country where the sun rises; that he made those people, and that they were his; that after a time we would see and meet with them; that they would come to our country; that there were a great many of them and they would overpower us, would kill our game, eat and destroy our fruit, and finally they would get so numerous that we would find them on every stream. He told us that the big game would come from the north where it was cold, and ponies from the south where it was warm. He told us to eat wild fruit and wild game, and in that way we would be healthy and happy. He told us that the people who came from the rising sun would have a different kind of food, and said that this would not be as good for us as what we would find on the prairie." White Bull, one of the Indians present when the story was told, told Captain Clark that it made his heart heavy and sad to think of these things, the spoliation of their country, the driving away of all the game and the crowding out of existence of his people. Once they were happy, had a country of their own, game, and all they wanted to make them happy; now they were poor and broken and separated, and some of their people had been sent away to die in a strange land.

The story of the first white man seen by the Cheyennes, though possessing no special merit, still throws some light upon the Indian thought, and gives their version of the treatment the whites received at their hands. "Long ago," said Black Pipe, "the Cheyennes were camped near a lake beyond the Missouri river; they made fire with two sticks, which was hard work. The women used porcupine quills for needles in sewing. We had stone vessels to cook

in, stone knives and stone points to our spears and arrows. The Great Spirit had given us the bow and arrow to kill game with. One morning a Cheyenne and his wife, awakening from their sleep, saw a strange creature in their tepee. The woman was frightened, and was about to cry out, but was quieted by the husband, while the strange being rose slowly and feebly to a sitting posture. He was so thin that he had scarcely any flesh on his bones, and for clothing had only some moss and grass. He was very

near dead. This creature looked somewhat like a Cheyenne, but he had a white skin and a strange language. The Cheyenne gave him something to eat, but at first he was so weak and exhausted that his stomach would not hold it; yet after a little while he grew stronger. The Cheyenne told his wife to keep the matter secret, as some of the others might kill this strange being, believing he would bring them bad luck; but, as the camp was moving one day, the others discovered him, and there were a great many talking at once about him and of him. The Cheyenne in whose lodge the man had been found said that he had taken him for a brother, and if any one harmed him he would punish them; and that he believed the Great Spirit had sent this man to do them some good. Well, the Cheyenne clothed him, fed him, and so led him back to life. After a time the man talked the language of the Cheyennes, and made signs so that we could understand him; and then he told his story. He said he came from the land of the rising sun, and that his people were powerful and numerous, and had many good things which the Cheyennes did not have; that he, with four others, had started out to trap the beaver, and when on the lake in a boat the wind came up suddenly, overturned the boat, and drowned the others; and that he had wandered about, living on beaver until all his clothes had been worn out and scratched off, when, in a blind and dazed condition, nearly dead with hunger, he had wandered into their camp and fallen into his lodge. He said his people were fond of beaver-fur, and that if we would get some, a number of dog-loads, and give to him,

he would go to his people and give them the fur, and get in return needles for the women to sew with, knives to cut with, guns to kill game with, and steel to make fire with. The furs were given him, and he, with his dog-train, departed, and was gone nearly a year, when one bright, sunshiny day a loud noise, like thunder, was heard near the camp, and on a bluff near the village the white man was seen. He distributed the things he had brought, knives, needles, steel, and showed us how to use them; as well as the black powder and hollow iron with which he had made the noise that sounded like thunder. This man wore at the time a red jacket and a red cap. He said he could kill anything with his hollow iron. They were incredulous and set a man before him to prove his assertion. He declined to practice on a human being, and they brought a dog, when he turned his gun toward it and shot it dead. The Indians were terrified beyond measure and called him Thunder.'" As a tribe the Cheyennes have been broken and scattered, but in their wild and savage way they fought well for their country, and their history for many years has been written in blood. Innocent settlers have suffered cruel outrages at their hands, women and children have gone down to horrible deaths, through their revengful rage, and burning houses have lighted their pathway of devastation. They in their turn have been hunted like wolves, and shot down like mad dogs, until they are now only a wreck of their former greatness. The numerous wars against them with their attending cruel horrors were perhaps only the legitimate fruit of bad policy and mismanagement of Indian affairs, or willful indifference to or misunderstanding of the circumstances and condition of the Indians, and their relation to the Government, which in times past has too often permitted dishonest agents to be the intermediaries between the Government and them, and through weakness or cowardice has at times paid more heed to the clamors of rapacious miners and settlers of the white race than to treaty obligations and plighted faith with the Indians. At any rate it seems certain that the