cate what was once the entrance to the courtyard or forecourt. All around are ancient trees, many of them doubtless survivors from the primeval forest. Not far away is the great "lifting stone," a mushroom-shaped boulder with which Sir William always tested the strength of an applicant for work. If he could not lift it—and it is of substantial weight-he was not employed.

After Sir William was deposed from his governourship, he retired to his Horsham plantation and spent nearly all his time there. Here he lived in a state becoming his quality, maintaining a style hitherto unknown in Philadelphia and more resembling the manorial régime of some of the wealthier southern plantations, where Sir William had been on his first arrival in America. When he drove to Philadelphia, he made the journey with his coach-and-four with outriders in truly regal fashion.

Although a Scotch Presbyterian, Sir William was a constant attendant at Christ Church, when in the city, and showed an active and substantial interest in its work and support. An item in the old vestry records of February 3, 1718, says:

Colonel Keith has been pleased, at a considerable charge, not only to erect a spacious pew right before the altar, to be appropriated in all time to come for the conveniency and use of the Governour and his family for the time being, but also to promise and voluntarily agree to pay the yearly rent of £5 per annum for the same, to the use of the church.

In keeping up his establishment, lavish entertaining, and bounty to the poor, he spent all his income and much more besides. Governour Spottswood, of Virginia, ac

curately characterised Keith when he said "that he was of an honourable family, a baronet, good-natured and obliging, and spends, with a reputation to the place, all he gets of the country." An inventory of Sir William's household effects and chattels from his plantation at Horsham will give some notion of the luxury that prevailed there:

a silver punchbowl, ladle and strainer, 4 salvers, 3 casters, and 33 spoons, 70 large pewter plates, 14 smaller plates, 6 basins, 6 brass pots with covers; china ware; 13 different sizes of bowls, 6 complete tea sets, 2 dozen chocolate cups, 20 dishes of various sizes, 4 dozen plates, 6 mugs, 1 dozen fine coffee cups delft, stone and glass ware: 18 jars, 12 venison pots, 6 white stone tea sets, 12 mugs, 6 dozen plates and 12 fine wine decanters 24 Holland sheets, 20 common sheets, 50 table cloths, 12 dozen napkins, 60 bedsteads, 144 chairs, 32 tables, 3 clocks, 15 looking-glasses, 10 dozen knives and forks

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coach horses, 7 saddle horses, 6 working horses, 2 mares and one colt; 4 oxen, 15 cows, 4 bulls, 6 calves, 31 sheep and 20 hogs. A large glass coach, 2 chaises, 2 waggons, 1 wain.

Besides these there were also quantities of plate and furniture too great to mention specifically.

His household consisted of his wife, Lady Ann Keith, his step-daughter, Ann Diggs, his four sons, his cousin, Doctor Thomas Graeme, who afterward married Ann Diggs, and fourteen slaves. Unlike Sir William, Graeme seems to have been able to hold on to money and yet live as became his rank.

In 1727 Sir William went back to England on personal concerns, and it is conjectured that he was tempted thither by an offer of preferment on the part of the Pro

prietaries, who feared his influence and popularity in the Colony. He served as a member of Parliament for Aberdeen, and in 1738 published a "History of Virginia" at London. At this time his financial troubles had increased and he was imprisoned in the Old Bailey for debt. Although released for a season, he ultimately died there in 1749. Benjamin Franklin said of this generous, talented, amiable, but most unfortunate gentleman:

differing from the great body of the people whom he governed in religion and manners, he acquired their esteem and confidence. If he sought popularity, he promoted public happiness, and his courage in resisting the demands of the Proprietaries may be ascribed to a higher motive than private interest.

Before leaving America Sir William deeded his estate to his wife, Lady Ann, and mortgaged all his household goods to his kinsman and son-in-law, Doctor Graeme. Lady Keith conveyed her entire interest in the Horsham plantation to her son-in-law, Doctor Graeme, in 1737, so that he then became the sole owner. Until her death, however, Lady Ann continued to live with her daughter and Doctor Graeme.

The second master of Graeme Park, in addition to having a large and lucrative practice, held many important official positions. He was appointed to the Naval Office in 1719, in 1726 became a member of the Council, in 1731 he was made one of the three justices of the Supreme Court, in 1732 a "Justice of Oyer and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery for Philadelphia, Bucks, and