[References are to sections] DISCRIMINATION, PERSONS—Continued what amounts to a rebate, 624. sanctity of the scheduled rate, 629. devices for concealing preference unavailing, 630. certain unlawful devices considered, 631. schemes to cover discrimination, 632. necessity for the rule against discrimination, 620. 3. Established exceptions to rule. public wrong in giving free passes, 636. no obligation to grant such concessions, 647. 4. Other considerations for reductions. other consideration formerly considered, 649. EQUALIZATION, 1. The theory of equalization. operation of the principle of equalization, 462. not its function to equalize, 463. rates made from a commercial standpoint, 464. carriers not obliged to equalize disadvantages, 466. protection of natural advantage, 467. no right to build artificial markets, 468. no equalization of patrons, 469. equalization of advantage as a factor, 470. rates should not equalize differences in value, 470. [References are to sections] EQUALIZATION-Continued 2. Scope of its operation. beyond the legitimate sphere of law, 776. Commission does not attempt to equalize, 776. equalization of values, 778. relative discrimination thought inconsistent, 799. what differentials may be allowed, 807. no obligation to make preferential rates, 809. EMPLOYEES, EVIDENCE, See OPERATING EXPENSES, ACCOUNTS. provisions of the Act, 990, 991, 1030, 1031, 1070, 1071. summoning witnesses in general investigations, 1015. res adjudicata before Commission, 1113. proof of damage required, 1115. privilege against self-crimination, 1118. a witness is protected, 1118. adverse interest of witnesses, 1119. testimony on both sides introduced, 1120. production of books and papers, 1121. presumptions from voluntary continuance, 1116. 2. Weight of evidence. customary rate presumably reasonable, 444. services not justly compared, 444. existence of a rate prejudices advance, 444. rates unreasonable in themselves, 445. what makes rates unreasonable, 446. current rates for other transportation, 447. comparison with other rates, 448. lines of other and distinct carriers, 448. comparison of one isolated inconclusive, 448. evidence inadmissible unless conditions are similar, 449. EVIDENCE-Continued [References are to sections] judicial process to enforce testimony, 1157. EXCLUSIVE SHIPPERS, EXPENDITURES, See DISCRIMINATION, PERSONAL. See OPERATING EXPENSES. EXPORT RATES, See FOREIGN COMMERCE. EXPRESS COMPANIES, express companies as common carriers, 166. express business conducted by railroad itself, 166. why express service is desired, 166. practices of the express companies, 914. EXTRA CHARGES, general principles as to additional charges, 570. F FACILITIES, provisions of the Act, 160, 910. 1. Provision of reasonable facilities. present jurisdiction over service facilities, 911. not required by original Act, 920. orders concerning freight delivery, 921. service at private sidings, 924. installing switches now under the Act, 925. basis for ordering switch connection, 926. protection of its terminals, 929. basis of the duty to supply equipment, 930. the obligation treated reasonably, 932. 2. Distribution of available equipment. demand foreseen although unusual, 934. order of preference between shippers, 940. FACILITIES-Continued [References are to sections] basis of prorating cars, 942. respective requirements compared, 943. private facilities in the apportionment, 945. plan of physical operation, 1045. division of cars must be published, 815. ratings of the various mines, 815. See INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION. FARES, See PASSENGERS. FEDERAL AND STATE JURISDICTION, power to fix rates under the constitution, 130. legislation relating to facilities, 148. State legislation burdening interstate commerce, 149. exercise of the federal supervision, 150. scope for State police power, 151. 2. Extent of the federal jurisdiction. apportionment of interstate business, 960. methods of the division, 961. bases of the proportion, 862. 3. Whether commerce is interstate. carriage performed wholly within a State, 126. course of dealing between the carriers, 123. what the real transit, 123. traffic in movement between States, 124. termini within a single other State, 125. |