Write to Marshall Field & Co., corner of State and Washington Streets, Chicago, and order the following: 6 yards of ribbon at 25 cents per yard; 2 pairs of gloves at $1.75 per pair; 5 yards of lace (enclose sample) at 75 cents per yard; 2 yards of silk (state color) at $1.25 per yard. State the amount of money enclosed and tell how sent. LESSON LXI EXERCISE IN PARAGRAPHING Arrange the following into paragraphs: In a remote period of American history, there lived in Sleepy Hollow a worthy man whose name was Ichabod Crane. He sojourned, or, as he expressed it, "tarried," in that quiet little valley for the purpose of instructing the children of the vicinity. His schoolhouse was a low building of one large room, rudely built of logs. He was tall, but very lank, with narrow shoulders, long arms and legs, hands that dangled a mile out of his sleeves, and feet that might have served as shovels. It stood in a rather lonely but pleasant place, just at the foot of a woody hill, with a brook running close by, and a birch tree growing near one end of it. His head was small, with huge ears, large, glassy eyes, and a long snipe nose. From this place of learning the low murmur of children's voices, conning over their lessons, might be heard on a drowsy summer day like the hum of a beehive. Explain your reason for arranging these sentences as you have. How many distinct topics are there in this selection? Give the thought in each paragraph. Mary's mother gave her a beautiful book, which she bought in the city. It was full of pictures. What words in this sentence are used instead of nouns? Give the noun for which each is used. Why are they used? Words that are used to avoid the awkward repetition of nouns are called Pronouns (pro means for or instead of, pronoun, for a noun). Select the pronouns in the following, and name the noun for which each is used: After lunch we prepared to take our first lesson in driving the reindeer. I put on a poesk of reindeer-skin and my fur-lined Russian boots. Ludwig took a pulk also, to assist us in case of need. These pulks are shaped very much like a canoe; they are about five feet long, one foot deep, and eighteen inches wide, with a sharp bow and a square stern. You sit upright against the stern-board, with your legs stretched out in the bottom. The reindeer is driven by a single rein attached to the base of his left horn, and passing over the back to the right hand of the driver, who thrusts his thumb into a loop at the end, and takes several turns around his wrist. The rein is held rather slack, in order that it may be thrown over to the right side when it slips to the left, which it is very apt to do. My deer was a strong, swift animal, which had just shed his horns, and when I took hold of the rein, he gave a startling leap, dashed around the corner of the house, and made down-hill. I tried to catch the breath which had been jerked out of me, and to keep my balance, as the pulk, swaying from side to side, bounced over the snow. A swift presentiment of the catastrophe flashed across my mind, but I was powerless to avert it. In another instant I found myself rolling in the loose snow, with the pulk, bottom upward, beside me. -BAYARD TAYLOR. The noun for which the pronoun is used is called the antecedent. As pronouns are used for nouns they must be of the same number as the nouns for which they are used. In the following, fill the blank spaces with the proper pronouns: turn as took a fresh start. narrowly escaped another overdescended the slope below the house, but, on reaching the level of the Muonio, found no difficulty in keeping balance, and began to enjoy the exercise. deer struck out; passed the others, and soon was alone on the track. In the gray, artistic twilight, gliding noiselessly and swiftly over the had first true experience of Lapland travelling. was delightfully novel. urged my deer with shouts, until snow, and never once looked behind had climbed the companions, but had no fear for safety, how arrived, Braisted's deer hav ing become fractious and run back with to the house. crimson face shone out from its white frame of icy hair as shouted to "There is nothing equal to except riding behind a whale when drives to the windward, with every man trimming the boat, and the spray flying over the bows!" -BAYARD TAYLOR. PERSONAL PRONOUNS 103 LESSON LXIII PERSONAL PRONOUNS When you say, "I sing," the word I shows that you are speaking of yourself. When you say, "You sing," the word you shows that you are speaking to some one, and when you say," He sings," the word he indicates that you are speaking of some one. Select and write in three separate columns the pronouns in the following that indicate the person speaking, the person spoken to, and the person or thing spoken of: - When Benjamin Franklin first arrived in Philadelphia he walked down the street eating from a loaf of bread which he held in his hand. Pocahontas often brought food to the settlers when they were in need, and once she warned them, when the Indians were planning to attack them. Mrs. Thaxter loved her island home, and she has written many pretty stories about her life in it. I had a dove, and the sweet dove died; And I have thought it died of grieving. O, what could it grieve for? Its feet were tied Sweet little red feet! why should you die Why would you leave me, sweet bird! why? You lived alone in the forest tree, Why, pretty thing! would you not live with me? I kiss'd you oft and gave you white peas; Why not live sweetly, as in the green trees? - Keats. Pronouns that indicate by their form whether they represent the person speaking, the person spoken to, or the person or thing spoken of, are called Personal Pronouns. Select pronouns in your reading lesson and tell whether the speaker, the person spoken to, or the person or thing spoken of is indicated. LESSON LXIV THE STUDY OF A POEM THE VILLAGE BLACKSMITH Under a spreading chestnut tree With large and sinewy hands; And the muscles of his brawny arms Are strong as iron bands. His hair is crisp, and black, and long, His face is like the tan; His brow is wet with honest sweat, He earns whate'er he can, And looks the whole world in the face, For he owes not any man. |