M. Sig. Two tablespoonfuls in a little ice- every hour. water every two hours. The patient takes, on the first day, 2 tablespoonfuls of this potion five times in the twenty-four hours; he repeats the same dose seven times on the next day, and ten times from the third day on, until a marked fall of temperature with a corresponding improvement of the general condition has set in. This result having once been obtained, the daily dose is gradually diminished to 6 tablespoonfuls and continued for at least a week after the temperature has become normal.-Southern Medical Record. as an eye-wash SUPPOSITORIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF A prescription of Dr. Starr's is: Cocoa-butter . gr. x. 3iss. M. Sig. 12 suppositories, I or 2 suppositories to be introduced daily.-Archives of Gynecol ogy, etc. HOW TO GIVE PILLS TO CHILDREN. Dr. A. K. Bond, of Baltimore, Md., writes as follows: "I order the quinine sulphate in pill form with dilute acid, generally aromatic sulphuric acid, and direct the mother of the patient to break up each pill and mix it with a little brown sugar. This is put upon the tongue dry, and a mouthful of water carries it into the stomach. I have never heard of any objection on the part of the patient. Sometimes I suggest that a small fragment of sweet chocolate be broken up and used instead of brown sugar, or that it be taken into the mouth before and after the bits of quinine pill and sugar. A stick of licorice-root may be used in the same way. In this way a very little of the masking substance suffices at each dose. The pill of quinine sulphate made with aromatic sulphuric acid is not only very soluble, but also in its smallest possible bulk. "It will readily be seen that by means of the pill broken with brown sugar or other masking agent any drug or mixture of drugs which can be made into pillular form may be administered to children with facility. Since it occurred to me to try this method, I have never felt the need of masking mixtures for such prescriptions. Moreover, the mothers of the children take kindly to the plan." ANTISEPTIC TOOTH-POWDER. The appended formula is taken from the Bulletin of Pharmacy :— lignant diphtheria, with the most gratifying results. "Whenever I have seen a case in which the patient was not actually moribund, I have used with perfect success the kretol in the form of a 15 per cent. emulsion, very freely and very frequently swabbing the tonsils, fauces, and palate with it, and at the commencement of the treatment spraying the parts in the intervals between swabbings with an emulsion of similar strength, administering internally at the same time a teaspoonful of a 2-per-cent. emulsion every two hours. I have never known this treatment to fail, due attention being paid, of course, to any complications, such as vomiting, diarrhoea, etc., which may be present, and also to the constitutional indications. "I regret extremely that this preparation did not come under my notice some time ago, as it would have preserved many a life which all other known means were tried to save, but without avail. I am confident that, when this preparation becomes more widely known, it will entirely revolutionize the treatment of diphtheria." LONG-STANDING ECZEMA CURED BY fingers. After many remedies, both internal and external, had been tried in vain, a poultice of mudar-leaves was applied to the fingers. On the second day the weeping had stopped and the parts looked healthy. It was continued for another two days, and the fingers were healed. Encouraged with this result, it was applied to the whole arm, which, to the surprise of both doctor and patient, was well within a week. Swéguirew, of Moscow, recommends the application of the vapor of hot water in the In the Indian Medical Record, Dr. J. Mortreatment of rebellious parenchymatous hæm-ton, of Mussoorie, reports the case of a lady orrhages, and especially in certain uterine who had suffered for nine years from eczema hæmorrhages. His procedure is as follows: extending from the axilla to the tips of her Having dilated the cervix, he introduces within the uterus a cannula attached to a small kettle in which water is kept boiling and allows the steam to act for several minutes upon the uterine mucous membrane. It causes no pain. The hæmostatic is accompanied by an antisep. tic effect, which is evidenced by the deodoriza tion of previously fetid discharges. By the employment of this method important operations, such as resections of the knee, extirpation of tumors of the breasts and other organs, have been practiced in several hospitals of Moscow without recourse to ligatures, hæmostatic forceps, or elastic compression. The application gives rise to no local or general troubles. The wounds thus treated have healed by first intention. THE USE OF KRETOL IN DIPHTHERIA. PROFESSIONAL SKIN ERUPTIONS. In certain industries in which extreme and varying temperatures and excessive dampness or dryness have caused troublesome skin irritations, loretin has proved itself a very excellent soothing and healing medium. The chapped or irritated parts of the skin are either bandaged overnight with a 5-percent. loretin gauze or, preferably, are rubbed with a 5 or 10-per-cent. loretin-talcum Dr. McGillicuddy, of New York, writes to the editor: "I have lately used kretol, a new coal-tar preparation, in the treatment of ma- | powder. All itching of the skin disappears. This | menstruation, having been performed regutreatment has also proved effectual in cases of larly for some years, has suddenly been suseczema.-Pharm. Rundschau. BONE MARROW IN PERNICIOUS ANÆMIA. pended as the result of exposure to cold. As a rule, only 1 drachm, three times a day, was given to begin with, and the dose was increased gradually; but the author says that it is perfectly safe to begin with 2-drachm doses of the tincture or 20-minim doses of the fluid extract four times a day. These preparations, he says, are taken without difficulty, and do not cause either purging or vomiting. In some cases in which the amenorrhoea was associated with decided anæmia the drug failed. The author has very little doubt that senecio deserves to binoxide of manganese as an emmenagogue.— rank with permanganate of potassium and The London correspondent of the Bulletin of Pharmacy says: "In a recent letter reference was made to the re-introduction of bonemarrow amongst modern animal therapeutical agents as a remedy for pernicious anæmia. Professor Fraser, of Edinburgh, describes in great detail a very grave case, in which the superiority of bone-marrow over other remedies was distinctly manifested. Only after both iron and arsenic had failed, and deterioration in hemocytes and hæmoglobin took place daily, was bone-marrow given about three ounces daily. An almost immediate improvement occurred, the hæmoglobin rising gradually from 18 to 75 per cent., and the hæmoSchering is now making, under the supercytes from 843,000 per cubic millimetre to vision of Dr. Hans Aronson, a protective This condition continued as long solution of antitoxin which is believed to seas the patient remained under observation, and cure immunity against diphtheria, both to when discharged he was in good health and children and adults, by the injection of from able to go about his work as a gardener, feel-1⁄2 cubic centimetre (about 71⁄2 grains) to I ing that he had been made over again.' 4,000,000. ad fzviij. Aquæ cinnamomi, M. Sig. Two tablespoonfuls three times daily.-Medical News. SENECIO JACOBEA AS AN EMMENAGOGUE. In the British Medical Journal Murrell gives his experience in the use of this plant, the common ragwort or liferoot, as an emmenagogue. He began with 2-drachm doses of a I to 10 tincture, in water, three times a day, and, experimenting on himself to ascertain the quantity that it was safe to take, gradually increased the dose to 1⁄2 an ounce four times a day for a month, without producing any effect. He then began giving it to a woman suffering from menstrual derangements, and found that it answered well in cases of amenorrhoea. His use of the plant was not limited to the tincture; in many cases he employed a 1 to 1 fluid extract. He has also used with good results the active principle senecin, a darkresinous-looking substance, the minimum dose of which is 2 grains three times a day. He has found senecin useful in cases in which Medical Review. ANTITOXIN SOLUTION AGAINST DIPHTHERIA. cubic centimetre (about 15 grains) by means of a sterilized syringe. Diphtheria antitoxin solution (Schering), standardized for immunization purposes, is a limpid, clear liquid and contains I or at most 11⁄2 per cent. albumin. It is mixed with 0.2 per cent. trikresol, which addition, owing to the small proportion of easily-decomposed organic substances in the antitoxin solution, suffices to keep it for an unlimited period. The injection not only causes no general symptoms of disturbance in the system, but also produces no local reaction and no pain at the point of injection. The protection afforded is immediate, and is effective even at the incubation stage of the disease. Application. For the positive immunity against diphtheria, a single injection, by means of a sterilized syringe of I cubic centimetre (about 1 gramme), is sufficient for children and adults. For smaller children 1⁄2 cubic centimetre (1⁄2 gramme) will suffice. The injection affords instantaneous protection and is effective even in the stage of incubation. Diphtheria antitoxin solution (Schering) is supplied in 2-gramme vials (about 2 cubic centimetres) and in 5-gramme vials (about 5 cubic centimetres). THE Medical Bulletin. JOHN V. SHOEMAKER, A.M., M.D., Editor. Philadelphia, Sept., 1894. THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. man, 31 years of age, the subject of chronic phthisis, was attacked by influenza. He had so far recovered as to be able to take a short walk, but on returning home felt an uneasiness in one leg, which soon became swollen, evidently as a result of thrombosis. Patches of purpura made their appearance, at first in the territory of the affected vein, but subsequently in other portions of the body. Improvement took place, however, the thrombus and the purpuric spots disappeared, and the chief apprehension was that the tuberculous process in the lungs might be excited to fresh activity. HE meeting of the British Medical Asso- Suddenly the purpura returned, hæmorrhages from the lungs, and death speedily closed the scene. The speaker surmised that the bloodchanges in such a case were due to alterations in the spleen and perhaps also in the bonemarrow. Outbreaks of gout were not infrequent during convalescence from influenza. Diabetes, likewise, seemed to occupy a double relation to the epidemic disorder. Those already afflicted with diabetes mellitus before contracting influenza were very apt to be overcome by diabetic coma. On the other hand, permanent glycosuria has been known in a considerable number of cases to develop shortly after an attack of influenza. Perturbations of the heart and circulation were unfortunately common in consequence of the epidemic, and exhibited a considerable variety. The case was referred to of a physician, aged 54 years, who, weeks after a mild attack of influenza, was prostrated by excessive cardiac debility. The action was irregular and so slow that the organ rarely beat more than 40 to the minute. The heart likewise dilated rapidly, and wellmarked murmurs developed in the mitral and tricuspid areas. In this condition the patient remained for several weeks. A slow recovery eventually occurred. In other instances the same disease was followed by rapid and irregular action of the heart. Bristol. The president was Dr. Edward Long Fox, of that city, who delivered an interesting address devoted principally to a thoughtful presentation of the public relations of the medical profession. The Address in Medicine was by Sir Thomas Grainger Stewart, of the University of Edinburgh, and the Address in Surgery was by J. Greig Smith, of University College, Bristol. The distinguished Professor of the Practice of Physic in the Northern Athens gave an interesting résumé of the increased breadth and precision of our knowledge of epidemic influenza as a result of the experience of the past few years. The numerous observations made and recorded concerning the symptoms and sequelae of this remarkable disease were clearly presented by the speaker. From his abundant personal experience he was able to draw a graphic picture of the multitudinous manifestations which influenza may occasion. Professor Stewart passed in review the direct and remote effects produced upon the principal organs and systems of the body. As regards the alimentary system, in addition to the digestive disturbances which accompanied the acute attack, he instanced the gastric irritation which might persist for many weeks after the usual symptoms of the malady had subsided. Interference with normal sanguification was very commonly shown in the form The respiratory system suffered most severely of anæmia, and sometimes in that grave va in consequence of influenza. The bronchitis riety known as pernicious anæmia. The which accompanied the attack often lingered, speaker had likewise witnessed purpura hæm- and pneumonia was by no means a rare orrhagica as a sequela, and alluded briefly to sequela. The catarrhal form was the more a case which had been under his care. A frequent, and manifested itself in an acute and peculiar type. Croupous pneumonia was also often met with, and, in a considerable number of instances, was accompanied by pleurisy and empyema. Bronchial asthma, again, often closely depended upon an attack of influenza, and a case was mentioned in illustration of a gentleman, who, notwithstanding an hereditary predisposition, had attained the age of 40 without ever suffering from a serious paroxysm. After suffering from influenza, however, he was attacked so violently by asthma that he was obliged to spend the winter in the south of France. Pulmonary tuberculosis was very decidedly influenced by influenza. In the opinion of Sir Thomas Grainger Stewart, with which most physicians will coincide, phthisis, in not a few instances, originated in an attack of the epidemic disease. It was more common to witness a sudden kindling into pernicious activity of a phthisis which had been nearly or quite stationary. Eruptions upon the skin often occurred at the height of the disease, followed subsequently by desquamation. Herpes and other cutaneous disorders often attacked the integument months after apparent recovery. Albuminuria, hæmaturia, nephritis, and cystitis were among the deleterious effects upon the urinary system, excited by an attack of the disease under discussion. The reproductive functions were also sometimes greatly impaired. It was proverbially the nervous system which was most particularly influenced. A disproportionate depression of force was universal, and convalescence was always tardy. In addition to this general debility the most varied derangements of the nervous system followed. Peripheral neuritis, meningitis, congestive and inflammatory changes in the medulla, pons, and other parts, various forms of mental derangement and affections of the special senses have been reported in abundance. In endeavoring to trace the manner in which this long list of sequelæ might be produced, the speaker classified the consequences of influenza as: (1) diseases which owe their origin to the invasion of foreign organisms, particularly micro-organisms; (2) diseases due to faulty chemical action within the body; (3) diseases dependent upon faulty mechanical conditions; (4) diseases dependent upon faulty innervation; and (5) diseases dependent upon morbid nutrition of the tissues, either in the way of inflammation, new formation, or degeneration. As regards the essential pathology of influenza, Sir Thomas Grainger Stewart accepts the bacillus of Pfeiffer as the exciting cause. This organism is constantly found in the catarrhal discharges of influenza patients and under no other conditions. It is generally present in great numbers in the mucus of the respiratory tract, in the mucous membrane, and less abundantly in the neighboring tissues. It is also detected in inflamed pulmonary areas, and, though in comparatively small numbers, in the blood. Judging from analogy, it is believed that the morbid results are due not directly to the bacillus, but to its products. The disease spreads by contagion and by fomites, and develops very rapidly after exposure. Professor Eichhorst, of Zürich, in his own case, had every reason to believe that only half an hour elapsed before exposure and the outbreak of the initial symptoms. At the The address in surgery, by Prof. J. Greig Smith, was a discussion of the art in contradistinction to the science of surgery. In its technique, as indicated by its name, surgery is a manual art, differing from other handicrafts in its strict dependence upon science. While the painter need know nothing of chemistry and optics, or the sculptor may be totally ignorant of geology, a scientific education is of prime importance to the surgeon. same time the science of the surgeon must be real knowledge, capable of being practically utilized. In the increasing accumulation of scientific facts and doctrines the labor of preparatory studies has been largely increased. Nevertheless, the best teachers feel that the standard of professional attainments cannot be lowered. Upon this point Professor Smith says: "I am not, therefore, for casting anything away; but I would select, re-arrange, and raise. I would gladly see zoology and chemistry and botany turned out of the curriculum, and placed among the preliminary studies, and made part of the preliminary ex |