artillery. On laying siege to Ticonderoga he led his troops upon a breastwork of trees, where, becoming entangled, they were fired upon by a perfectly secure enemy until two thousand of their number were killed or wounded. The designs upon the fort and Crown Point were then abandoned; but a detachment was sent against Fort Frontignac, which, being abandoned by the greater part of its garrison, surrendered. Circumstances gave to this last feat more importance than it could ever have acquired on the basis of military merit. It had hitherto formed the depot of Fort Duquesne, which, being now cut off from provisions, was abandoned by its garrison, who descended the Ohio in boats. At this unexpected turn of fortune, General Forbes, leader of the third expedition-who had been from July to November marching from Fort Cumberland, Va., to the Laurel Hills, sometimes at the rate of a mile a day-pushed rapidly forward, and [November 25] entered the abandoned works without resistance. The name was changed to Pittsburg. General Forbes died during his return to Philadelphia.

In the following year Pitt determined to attempt the conquest of Canada. The main attack was to be conducted by General Wolfe, a young officer who had distinguished himself before Louisbourg General Amherst, who succeeded Abercrombie, after reducing Ticon. deroga and Crown Point, was to join Wolfe at Quebec. Niagara

was to be reduced by General Prideaux. Ticonderoga was abandoned by its garrison on the appearance of the English army. The same thing happened at Crown Point. Fort Niagara was besieged by General Prideaux on the 6th July; but he being killed, the com

and devolved on Sir William Johnson, who gained a battle over the garrison in an open field chosen by themselves. After this they retired to their works, and on the 25th capitulated.

Meanwhile Wolfe embarked at Louisbourg with eight thousand men, and landing before Quebec offered General Montcalm battle. It was accepted, and the English were defeated. Not discouraged, Wolfe landed his men [September 3] at Point Levi, and determined to scale the heights of Abraham, hitherto considered inaccessible. On the following morning the astonished Montcalm beheld his enemy drawn up in battle array on the mountain. But with the courage of a noble nature, he determined to march out and give battle. The disposition of the armies was masterly, and the action worthy of the two greatest generals in America. At its commencement, Wolfe was

wounded in the wrist, and not long afterwards in the body; but he still cheered on his men until a third ball pierced his breast, and he was conveyed to the rear. Monckton, second in command, also fell. About this time the French centre was broken; and the Highlanders, rushing forward with drawn swords, completed the rout. When in the agonies of death Wolfe was told that the enemy were flying, he exclaimed "I die content." Some time after, his gallant antagonist, Montcalm, also mortally wounded, expired, expressing his satisfaction that he "would not live to see the surrender of Quebec." The city immediately capitulated. Next year Montreal was taken, with all its dependencies; and henceforth Canada was a British province. This victory closed the war in America. The treaty of February 10, 1763, secured to the colonies and mother country all they had claimed before the war, together with the entire French possessions in the now United States, except Louisiana.