This lack of balance in the different chapters may be due to the fact that the book originated in a series of papers written for a newspaper. In other instances, however, the author is occasionally carried away by his feelings into exaggerated statements. "All drunkards are liars" (p. 138); "Sociologically, the life of the bachelor is of necessity a failure, if not a crime" (p. 108); are examples of this peculiarity.

The author is also inclined to give general estimates as if they were statistics based upon careful investigation, as where he says "Alcoholic drink is estimated to be the direct or indirect cause of seventy-five per cent. of all the crimes committed and of at least fifty per cent. of all the suffering endured on account of poverty in this country, and among civilized nations." (p. 137).

Plenty of blemishes of this kind might be pointed out, if it were necessary, but the book is evidently intended to be a popular, rather than a scientific, presentation of the subject, and as such we believe it to be a useful contribution to literature.

H. W. F.

Socialism and the American Spirit. By Nicholas Paine Gilman. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1893-8vo, x, 376 pp.

This is much the best thing which the author has written. It treats an old theme in a thoroughly original way. The author analyzes Socialism not as a body of doctrines but as a type of character. He is not so much concerned with tracing its economic results as its psychological conditions. After showing what sort of characteristics produce Socialism, he next considers what are the characteristics of the American citizen which have made our country what it is; and he has no difficulty in showing the inherent opposition between the two types. Some might take exception to parts of his analysis of the American Spirit, and say that he ignored or glossed over some dangerous tendencies in the United States of to-day; but all must welcome the kind of treatment which he has applied to the subject as a whole.

In one of the most interesting chapters of John Stuart Mill's Logic, attention is called to the need of a Science of "Ethology," treating of the formation of character among groups of men. Mr. Gilman may fairly claim to have done a good piece of work in this new and unexplored field.

A. T. H.

BOOKS RECEIVED.

ASHLEY, W. J. An Introduction to English Economic History and Theory. Part 2. The End of the Middle Ages. N. Y., G. P. Putnam's Sons.

BISHOP, C. F. History of Elections in the American Colonies. (Studies in History, Economics and Public Law, III. 1.) Columbia College.

BLACKWELL, ANTOINETTE B.
The One and The Many.
Sons.

The Philosophy of Individuality, or
N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's

BONAR, JAMES. Philosophy and Political Economy in some of their Historical Relations. London, Swan Sonnenschein & Co.; N. Y., Macmillan & Co.

BOWEN, H. C. Froebel and Education by Self-Activity.

Charles Scribner's Sons.

N. Y.,

CAPERS, HENRY D. The Life and Times of C. G. Memminger.

Richmond, Va., Everett Waddey Co.

CARPENTER, E. Lorenzo de Medici. An Historical Portrait. N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons.

CRAWFORD, F. MARION. Pietro Ghisleri. N. Y., Macmillan & Co.

The Defence of Professor Briggs before the General Assembly. The Case against Professor Briggs, Part III. N. Y., Charles Scribner's Sons.

DEMENT, RICHMOND S. Napoleon, A Drama. Chicago, Knight, Leonard & Co.

DEWITT, JOHN. What is Inspiration?

A Fresh Study of the

Question with New and Discriminative Replies. N. Y.,
Anson D. F. Randolph & Co.

DROYSEN, JOHANN GUSTAV. Outline of the Principles of History. (Grundriss der Historik), with a biographical sketch of the author. Translated by E. Benjamin Andrews. Boston, Ginn & Co.

DURKHEIM, EMILE, De la division du travail social. Paris, F. Alcan. FOOTE, A. R. and EVERETT, C. E. The Law of Incorporated Companies Operating under Municipal Franchises. Cincinnati, Robert Clarke & Co. GOULD, GEORGE M.

The Meaning and Method of Life. A Search for Religion in Biology. New York and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons. IRVING, HENRY. The Drama. Addresses by, N. Y., Tait, Sons & Co. JUGLAR, CLEMENT. A Brief History of Panics and Their Periodical Occurrence in the United States. Translated by DeC. W. Thom. N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons. (Questions of the Day Series).

JOLLEY, ALFRED J. The Synoptic Problem for English Readers. London, Macmillan & Co.

KINLEY, DAVID. The History, Organization and Influence of the Independent Treasury of the United States. (Library of Economics and Politics, number 1.) N. Y., T. Y. Crowell & Co.

LEROY-BEAULIEU, ANATOLE. The Empire of the Tsars and the Russians. Translated from the 3d French edition by Z. A. Ragozin. Part 1. The Country and its Inhabitants. N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons. M'KENDRICK, J. G. and SNODGRASS, W. Senses. N. Y., Charles Scribner's Sons.

MORFILL, W. R.

The Physiology of the

The Story of Poland. (The Story of the Nations Series). N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons. MORRIS, WILLIAM O'CONNOR, Napoleon, Warrior and Ruler, and the Military Supremacy of Revolutionary France. N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons.

PELHAM, H. F. Outlines of Roman History. N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons.

PIEPENBRING, CH. Theology of the Old Testament. Translated by H. G. Mitchell. N. Y., T. Y. Crowell & Co.

POST, W. K. Harvard Stories, Sketches of the Undergraduate. N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons.

RAMSAY, W. M. The Church in the Roman Empire. (Mansfield College Lectures, 1892.) N. Y. and London, G. P. Putnam's Sons.

RIPLEY, WILLIAM Z. The Financial History of Virginia, 16091776. (Studies in History, Economics and Public Law, IV. 1.) Columbia College.

ROCKWELL, J. E. Shorthand Instruction, and Practice, (Bureau of Education, Circular of Information, No. 1, 1893.) Washington, Gov't Printing Office.

SCOTT, WILLIAM A. The Repudiation of State Debts. A Study in the Financial History of Miss., Fla., Ala., N. C., S. C., Ga., La., Ark., Tenn., Minn., Mich. and Va. (Library of Economics and Politics, 2.) N. Y., T. Y. Crowell & Co.

STEARNS, LEWIS F. Present Day Theology. A Popular Discussion of Leading Doctrines of the Christian Faith. N. Y., Charles Scribner's Sons.

Studi di Storia Antica, pubblicati da Giulio Beloch, Fascicolo II. Roma, E. Loescher & Co.

SWIFT, M. I. A League of Justice, or Is it Right to Rob Robbers? Boston, The Commonwealth Society.

SYMONDS, JOHN A. Studies of the Greek Poets. London, Adam & Charles Black.

TRENHOLM, W. L. The People's Money. N. Y., Charles Scribner's Sons.

VAN DYKE, HENRY S. Sermons to Young Men and Other Human Beings. N. Y., Charles Scribner's Sons.

VERRALL, A. W. "The Chaphori" of Eschylus, with an Introduction, Commentary and Translation. London and N. Y., Macmillan & Co.

WEST, MAX. The Inheritance Tax. (Studies in History, Economics and Public Law, IV, 2.) Columbia College.

WOLFF, HENRY W. People's Banks, A Record of Economic and Social Success. London and N. Y., Longmans, Green & Co.

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