from Jefferson Davis (No. 62); Walker, Beauregard, Foster, and Anderson (Nos. 71, 72); Prentiss (No. 110); "Stonewall" Jackson (No. 113); Burnside (No. 115); Lee (No. 117); Thomas (No. 123); Butler (No. 124); Semmes (No. 133); Hood (No. 138). Extracts from presidential messages and other official communications are represented by Polk (No. 10); Buchanan (No. 64); Lincoln (No. 145); Cleveland (No. 164); Harrison (No. 166); McKinley (No. 190). Diplomatic correspondence will be found as follows: Seward (No. 99); Slidell (No. 100); C. B. Elliott (No. 173); Sumner (No. 174); Geneva arbitration (No. 175); Fish (No. 176); Blaine (No. 177); Bering Sea (No. 178); Olney (No. 179); Hay (No. 193).

Next in significance are the official and semi-official utterances of public men, chiefly in collected correspondence and similar material, some of them in the official records: as Polk (No. 14); Calhoun (No. 19); Webster (No. 20); Seward (Nos. 22, 45, 97); Douglas (No. 34) ; Benton (No. 43); Lincoln (Nos. 44, 66, 97, 101, 127); A. H. Stephens (No. 53); Jefferson Davis (Nos. 62, 106); Chase (No. 128) Sumner (Nos. 146, 174); Tilden (No. 150); Thaddeus Stevens (No. 152); J. G. Blaine (No. 160); Olney (No. 192). Of statesmen less famous, extracts have been made as follows: Edward Everett (No. 79); Crittenden (No. 69); John A. Dix (No. 67); Wendell Phillips (No. 102); Garrison (No. 126); Greeley (No. 127); Corwin (No. 11); R. J. Walker (No. 40); Wilmot (No. 16); Vallandigham (No. 129); Butler (No. 154); Wilson (No. 155); H. A. Herbert (No. 158); Bryan (No. 171); B. F. Wade (Nos. 46, 65); Thurlow Weed (No. 63); Chittenden (No. 68); Slidell (No. 100); Robert Toombs (No. 54); John Brown (No. 48); Andrew Johnson (No. 148); L. J. Gage (No. 172); J. T. Morgan (No. 178); W. R. Day (No. 185); Leonard Wood (No. 189); G. F. Hoar (No. 191); Theodore Roosevelt (No. 198); B. S. Coler (No. 202); Evarts (No. 154); John Sherman (No. 169). Less significant as public men, but extremely valuable for their testimony, are Waddy Thompson (No. 8); I. P. Walker (No. 17); Stringfellow (No. 26); Julian (No. 35); Wigfall (No. 55); E. Hannaford (No. 161); A. F. Walker (No. 165); Lacey (No. 167); Eckels (No. 167). Speeches and reports by various members and commissioners will be found in Nos. 70, 149, 168, 195.

Characteristic extracts are taken from the following renowned generals Scott (No. 13); Grant (Nos. 12, 107, 139, 144); Lee (Nos. 47, 117); Beauregard (No. 71); McClellan (No. 112); "Stonewall"

Jackson (No. 113); Burnside (No. 115); Longstreet (No. 120); Hood (No. 138); Hancock (No. 159); Thomas (No. 123); Sheridan (No. 135); Sherman (No. 137); Farragut (No. 134); Dewey (No. 182); Porter (No. 118).

The only journals which have seemed available are those of Polk (No. 14); Dana (No. 31); Jones (No. 83); "Bull Run" Russell (No. 96); Chase (No. 128); Mrs. Lowry (No. 194). In reminiscences. and historical work, carefully written later by participants, this field is rich, as will be seen by the following list: Pollard (No. 27); Levi Coffin (No. 29); Parker (No. 30); Cutts (No. 34); Julian (No. 35) ; Mrs. Robinson (No. 36); John Scott (No. 38); Reuben Davis (Nos. 58, 80); Mrs. Livermore (No. 73); Mrs. Clayton (No. 81); George Cary Eggleston (No. 82); Mosby (No. 95); Stevenson (No. 92); Billings (No. 84); Hosmer (No. 87); C. C. Coffin (No. 131); Charles A. Dana (No. 132); Porter (No. 118); Longstreet (No. 120); Mrs. Botume (No. 141); Sheridan (No. 135); General Sherman (No. 137); John Sherman (No. 169); Grant (No. 139); Mrs. Hancock (No. 159). Travellers have been very abundant, but have not been quoted so freely as in other volumes. The only foreign travellers are T. H. Gladstone (No. 39); Fremantle (No. 94); W. H. Russell (Nos. 96, 103); Captain Wilkinson (No. 116); Campbell (No. 203). The American travellers are R. H. Dana (No. 7); Delano (No. 18). Special observers on the South and slavery are Emily P. Burke (No. 23); Nehemiah Adams (No. 25); Pollard (No. 27); Godkin (No. 142); Schurz (No. 143) ; Pike (No. 157); Grady (No. 205); Booker T. Washington (No. 208). Observers, correspondents, and critics on the Civil War period are Murat Halstead (Nos. 49, 50); A. H. Stephens (No. 53); Joel Parker (No. 56); S. W. Crawford (No. 59); Smalley (No. 114); Shanks (No. 122). Critics on the academic, social, and political conditions since the war are Poor (No. 163); Taussig (No. 170); C. B. Elliott (No. 173); Mahan (No. 183); A. L. Lowell (No. 186); A. B. Hart (Nos. 196, 209); Roosevelt (No. 198); Schurz (No. 199); Clark (No. 201); J. B. Harrison (No. 204); Riis (No. 206); C. W. Eliot (No. 207): on our new possessions, Atkins (No. 184); Carroll (No. 188).

Satirists are represented by several authors: James Russell Lowell (Nos. 9, 15); Brownell (No. 57) ; Richard Grant White (Nos. 74, 140); Artemus Ward (No. 75); McElroy (No. 197); "Mr. Dooley" (No. 200). Closely allied with this group are two novelists, Harriet Beecher Stowe (No. 24); Anna Dickinson (No. 121).

Pieces in verse are rather numerous: Whittier (Nos. 21, 125); Lucy Larcom (No. 37); Brownell (No. 57); O. W. Holmes (No. 60); Bryant (No. 76); Phoebe Cary (No. 78); Northern War Songs (No. 85); Southern War Songs (No. 91); Palmer (No. 93); Mrs. Warfield (No. 104); Longfellow (No. 108); Boker (No. 130); T. Buchanan Read (No. 136).

Emily P.

The contributions of women to this volume are as follows: Burke (No. 23); Harriet Beecher Stowe (No. 24); Mary D. Armstead (No. 32); Mrs. Robinson (No. 36); Lucy Larcom (No. 37); Mrs. Livermore (No. 73); Mrs. Clayton (No. 81); Mrs. Warfield (No. 104); Anna Dickinson (No. 121); Mrs. Botume (No. 141); Mrs. Lowry (No. 194).

Foreign critics and statesmen have contributed some interesting pieces: John Bright (No. 98); Comte de Paris (No. 105); Peto (No. 162); Courcel (No. 178); Hannen (No. 178); Sawyer (No. 187).

5. Reprints and Collections

HE principal collections of sources on the period 1845-1900 are as
follows:-
:-

THE

American Annual Cyclopædia (annual volumes, 1861, etc.). New York, 1862-1900.- From Vol. V (1875) on, the title is Appleton's Annual Cyclopædia. Contains very valuable materials, especially extracts from public documents.

H. W. Caldwell, Source Extracts. 1. A Survey of American History. 2. Great American Legislators. 3. American Territorial Development: Expansion. Chicago, 1900. -1 and 3 published together, under the title American History: Unification, Expansion. Chicago, 1900.

Albert Bushnell Hart, Source-Book of American History, with Practical Introductions. New York, 1899. Nos. 102-145 cover the same chronological field as Vol. IV of the Contemporaries, but the two works contain no dupli

cates.

Albert Bushnell Hart and Edward Channing, editors, American History Leaflets. 30 numbers (to be had separately). New York, 1892-1896. - Includes Lincoln's state papers.

Mabel Hill, Liberty Documents. New York, 1901. - Contains documents and comments thereon relating chiefly to personal liberty, and showing the derivation of American principles of free government from English traditions.

Alexander Johnston, American Orations: Studies in American Political History. (Edited by James Albert Woodburn.) 4 vols. New York, etc., 1896– 1897. — Vols. III and IV are parallel with this volume.

William MacDonald, Select Statutes and other Documents illustrative of the History of the United States, 1861-1898. — This third volume of Professor MacDonald's series, covering the period from 1861 down, is in preparation. Edward McPherson, The Political History of the United States during the Great Rebellion. Washington, etc., 1864.

Edward McPherson, The Political History of the United States during the Period of Reconstruction. Washington, 1871.

Edward McPherson, A Hand-Book of Politics (biennial volumes, omitting 1870). Washington, 1868-1894. The above three series are made up of excellent selections or abstracts from the political documents of the time, statutes, proclamations, speeches, letters, orders, decisions of the courts, political platforms, debates, etc.

Edmund Clarence Stedman and Ellen Mackay Hutchinson, editors, A Library of American Literature, from the Earliest Settlement to the Present Time. II vols. New York, 1888-1890.- Vols. VI-XI on the period 1845-1890. These volumes are to a large degree literary rather than historical, but they include some excellent contemporary narratives on the slavery conflict and the Civil War.

United States, A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents. 10 vols. Washington, 1896-1899. A valuable official publication, poorly edited by James D. Richardson, containing all the presidents' messages and proclamations except nominations for office. Sold by the government at

cost.

United States, Congressional Globe: containing Sketches of the Debates and Proceedings. 109 vols. Washington, 1835-1873. Contains the debates from 1833 to 1873.

United States, Congressional Record. 34 vols. Washington, 1873-1901. — Contains the debates and proceedings in full from 1873.

6. A Good Library of Sources

`OR an intelligent study of the political history of the United States,

FOR the first necessity is access to the most important government

records. Exact titles of these publications are found in Channing and Hart's Guide, § 30. Odd volumes and partial sets are common and may be very useful.

OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE UNITED STATES

Supreme Court of the
Boston, 1881. — Con-

1790-1854. B. R. Curtis, Reports of Decisions in the United States; with Notes and a Digest. 22 vols. densed reports. 1855-1862. Samuel F. Miller, Reports of Decisions in the Supreme Court of the United States. 4 vols. Washington, 1874-1875. — Condensed reports, in continuation of Curtis.

1863-1874. John William Wallace, Cases Argued and Adjudged. 23 vols. Washington, 1870-1876.

1875-1882. William T. Otto, Cases Argued and Adjudged.

17 vols.

Boston, 1876-1883. — Also bears the title, United States Reports, Supreme Court, Vols. 91–107.

1882-1899. J. C. Bancroft Davis, United States Reports. Vols. 108-178. 71 vols. New York, etc., 1884-1900.

1791-1897. Official Opinions of the Attorneys-General of the United States. 21 vols. Washington, 1852-1898.

1833-1873. United States, Congressional Globe: containing Sketches of the Debates and Proceedings. 109 vols. Washington, 1835-1873. - Contains the debates from 1833 on.

1789-1900. United States, Statutes at Large. 31 vols. Boston, etc., 18501900. The official text of statutes from 1789 to 1900.

1789-1897. United States, A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents. 10 vols. Washington, 1896-1899. A valuable official publication, poorly edited by James D. Richardson, containing all the presidents' messages and proclamations except nominations for office. Sold by the government at cost.

1873-1900. United States, Congressional Record. 34 vols. Washington, 1873-1901. - Official reports of debates.

DIARIES AND AUTOBIOGRAPHIES

In comparison with earlier times, the period after 1845 is very deficient in materials of this kind, except during the Civil War.

[Thomas Hart Benton], Thirty Years' View; or, A History of the Working of the American Government for Thirty Years, from 1820 to 1850. 2 vols. New York, etc., 1854-1856.

James G. Blaine, Twenty Years of Congress [1861-1881]. 2 vols. Norwich, Conn., 1884-1886.