SEC. 11. If the said company or any of their serv 2 ants or officers employed in effecting the objects of 3 the company, shall willfully or negligently place or 4 leave any obstructions in any of the streets of Port5 land, beyond what is actually necessary in laying 6 down, taking up and repairing their fixtures, or shall 7 willfully or negligently omit to repair and put in proper & condition any street, in which the earth or pavements 9 may have been removed by them, the company shall 10 be subject to indictment therefor, in the same manner 11 that towns are subject to indictment for bad roads, 12 and shall be holden to pay such fine as may be im13 posed therefor, which fine shall be collected, applied 14 and expended in the same manner as is provided in 15 case of the indictments aforesaid against towns, or 16 may be ordered to be paid into the treasury of the 17 city. If any person shall suffer injury in his person 13 or property by reason of any such negligence, willful19 ness or omission, he shall be entiled to recover dam20 ages of the company therefor, by an action on the 21 case, in any court of competent jurisdiction.

SEC. 12. The mayor and aldermen for the time 2 being, shall at all times have the power to regulate, 3 restrict and control the acts and doings of said cor

4 poration, which may, in any manner, affect the health, 5 safety, or convenience of the inhabitants of said city.

SEC. 13. This act shall be taken and deemed to be 2 a public act, and shall be in force from and after its 3 approval by the governor.

STATE OF MAINE.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, July 24, 1849.

ORDERED, That 350 copies of the foregoing Bill, (reported by the committee on Manufactures,) be printed for the use of the House.

E. W. FLAGG, Clerk.

THE joint select committee, to whom was referred so much of the governor's message as relates to AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS, have had that subject under consideration, and ask leave to submit the following

REPORT.

An Agricultural School, on any extensive and scientific plan, does not exist in this country. And in a field so vast and unexplored, the committee have deemed it proper to classify so wide a range of ideas, and to present some of the data which form the bases of their conclusions. They would, therefore, direct attention To the value of the agricultural interest.

1.

I. The value of the interest may be seen in the fact that agriculture, in the early stages of society, is the first and chief employment of man, and marks his transition from a savage to a civilized

Wm. T. Johnson, Printer to the State.

state. For, descending from his mountain caves, you find man side by side with the progress of husbandry, until he emerges on the plains below, where gush for him, in copious streams, as the result of that progress, civilization and its attendant blessings.

The magnitude of this interest may be seen in another directionits effects upon population.

Population is the general rule that measures a people's greatness; and the governing law of population is the facilities for its support. There exists no restriction upon the prolific nature of plants, or animals, save as it is limited by nourishment. This inevitable law of food and population is written on the destiny of every nation. Mark it along the stream of life, from the sparsely peopled hunting tribes, through all the grades of pastoral and agricultural employments, until you meet the teeming millions of fertile China.

In this survey it will be found that population ever increases, on the whole, in the direct ratio of agricultural production.* Thus, increases that production 50 per cent. and the population increases 50 per cent.

What are the effects of augmented population upon the interests of society?

1. Upon the producer. By so much as population is augmented is the market widened for his products; thus making a quicker and larger return for his capital and labor. And as production is the great source of wealth to all classes, and this wealth the means of

developing new desires, producers, above all others, hold the instruments of wealth, since they alone can gratify those new desires which they have stimulated into being.

2. Upon the consumer this increased agricultural production, and corresponding population, is highly beneficial. By increasing that production in our State a hundred per cent., as may be done with the same outlay, the number of people, here or elsewhere, will be doubled by the process. If the new population reside here, each

The population of a State is always proportionate to the sum of its produetion," Say's Political Economy. See also Malthus, on population.