bread. The world is only gradually becoming accustomed to the idea that women, like men, can defy all the expectations of their friends, and shape their own course in life without fear. The baking of bread was mentioned as an illustration, because baking is exactly the trade that was chosen not long ago by two learned girl graduates of Radcliffe College in Massachusetts.

These two girls were really learned. They had not only gone through college, but they had studied as they went. Their specialty was chemistry. When they had finished studying, it occurred to them, that, instead of teaching high school children how to do laboratory experiments, they would break into the outside, unacademic world and take a hand in the regular routine work of every-day busi

ness.

With this idea in mind, they chose baking as their kind of business. To bake bread was useful, and to bake good

bread was a chemical feat. They opened a shop in Cambridge. In a short time. their bread was pronounced by the Agricultural Department of the United States Government to be the only bread which, when baked, is absolutely free of yeast. Miss Stevenson and Miss Elliott, Chemical Bakers, might therefore claim to have been at least scientifically successful. But they were also commercially successful. They made their shop attractive with Morris pictures and with Tolstoian quotations about the dignity of labor, and they drew to themselves a large and profitable trade. Finally, their courage had its reward even on the social side of life. They had been at first looked at askance by many careful residents of Cambridge. But that notable woman, Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer, dropped into their shop one day and asked them if she might call on them at their home. That settled it for Cambridge.

One of the greatest triumphs of the

SUPERINTENDS A LARGE HOSPITAL.
Dr. Mary J. Dunlap, of Vineland, N. J.

Stevenson-Elliott bread was that Mrs. William Dean Howells ate it during a severe illness, and declared that it alone had saved her life.

In Syracuse, New York, there is a young woman who has had courage. But she has also had a genius for advertising. The one has been the foundation and the other the superstructure of her career. Her name is Mary Elizabethjust Mary Elizabeth; only that and nothing more. And as she was only fifteen when she started in business, perhaps the last name would have sounded too formal. At any rate her candy, for candymaking is her trade, was sent out from her home in beautiful little packages with "Mary Elizabeth" written by hand on the outside of each box. And "Mary Elizabeth's" picture was as attractive as her nomenclature. Then she crowned her preliminary advertising campaign by opening her famous "Help Yourself" candy-booth in the University Building. At this booth there was no attendant, no cash-register, and no key. You took what you wanted, and left the money on the counter. What Mary Elizabeth has done since in the way of advertising, it is unnecessary to say to any eater of candy in the eastern part of the United States. The business to-day is a large

one.

When feminine enterprises are being considered, there are few that qualify so completely for that definition as the one that is managed by Mary J. Dunlap at Vineland, New Jersey. Mary J. Dunlap is a doctor. For a time she practiced in

Philadelphia. Then she took charge of an asylum for feeble-minded girls and women at Vineland. Of course the inmates of this asylum are of the right sex. And so is the doctor-in-charge. And so are all the assistant doctors. And so are all the nurses. And so are the cooks and the table-servants and all the other helpers and attendants. It is too bad that the harmony of the occasion has to be spoiled by the presence of even one interloper. But such is the case, and it has to be admitted. The night policeman is a

BOSSES A GANG OF STREET-CLEANERS.
Mrs. Agnes Emmagene Paul, of Chicago.

can stand that pace would have no difficulty on a police force. But Mrs. Paul. not only stands the pace, but gets ahead of it. She really cleans streets. All over the city of Chicago, in one ward after another, she has bossed her gangs of street-sweepers, and has struggled successfully with the political spoilsmen who drive the garbage wagons. Her work is certainly as strenuous as that done by any man in her city.

and manual skill in wood-engraving. She is the wife of Professor J. H. Comstock of Cornell University, also a graduate of that institution. She was interested in her husband's work from the first, and made drawings for his publications when he was Entomologist to the United States Department of Agriculture. Later, she

cause, in decorating residences and restaurants, she marks out a line of work along which women of courage and energy can gratify their artistic ambitions while at the same time earning more money than art usually distributes among its followers.

Mrs. Anna Botsford Comstock, of Ithaca, N. Y., Secretary of the Nature Club of America, is an illustrious example of the versatility of which women are sometimes capable, combining high scientific attainments with exquisite artistic

took up woodengraving for the purpose of illustrating his books; and six hundred of her engravings appear in "Comstock's Manual," and many more in "Insect Life," a volume written by Professor Comstock for field work. Because of her proficiency in reproducing texture and color in her engravings, she was elected to the Society of American Wood-En

bronze medal for her engravings at the Pan-American Exposition. She was elected to Sigma Xi because of her scientific drawings.

In recent years Mrs. Comstock has given her time to the University extension work in Nature Study, conducted by Cornell University, and has lectured on Nature Study in the University of California and Leland Stanford, Jr. University. She is the editor of the leaflets of the Home Nature-Study Course, a correspondence course for the teachers.

of New York State, and has thus come in direct contact with many thousands of students. She is joint author with her husband of "How to know the Butterflies," and is author of "How to keep Bees" and "Ways of the Six-Footed."

Katherine Burrowes, of Detroit, is a woman who, by striking out into new paths, has shown the courage of the innovator, and has reaped the reward that comes, sometimes, to a man or woman of that temperament. Mrs. Burrowes is a music teacher. And she teaches little children. Nothing could sound more conventional, more tedious. But instead of making the little fingers go up and down, up and down, in the same places, till a piano lesson ranks with going to bed in the child's list of pleasures, Mrs. Burrowes has devised a fascinating series of mechanical games, in which, by means of balls, pictures, and other pieces of apparatus, the child acquires not only a knowledge of music but an appreciation and love for it. These inventions of Mrs. Burrowes are real inventions. They are protected by more than twenty copyrights and by five or six patents. Her school is a contribution to pedagogy as well as to music.

Comparable to Mrs. Burrowes' school as a pedagogical achievement, is the Children's Museum of Brooklyn, which is also under the direction of a woman, Anna B. Gallup. This museum shows how far education has gone beyond the period when children spent their time

IS AN EXPERT NATURALIST AND WOOD-ENGRAVER, SECRETARY OF THE NATURE CLUB OF AMERICA. Mrs. Anna Botsford Comstock, of Ithaca, N Y.

learning definitions of things which they never had seen and never could under

stand. The Children's Museum is filled. with the things which are mentioned in the books read by the children in school, and which, on going to the Museum, they can study and appreciate for themselves. The child learns in his geography that a certain State produces graphite. How much this means to him, all adults who have read the same statement at the same age can readily imagine. But the Brooklyn child, going to the Children's Museum, sees specimens of graphite in their original shape and color, and then sees small reproductions of the stages by which these pieces are finally transmuted