skeleton outline map on the wall on which to show products will stimulate interest.

FIFTH GRADE.

I. South America, Europe, Asia, Africa:

Construct a relief map of South America or Europe-a relief or physical map being before the pupil as he works.

Each continent should be studied by means of an outline like the one below.

South America:

(a) Position in hemisphere, zones, relation to North America. (b) Size in comparison with North America.

(c) Boundaries, including principal indentations and prolongations of coast line.

(d) Surface.

Locate mountain system; a few lofty peaks, highlands; lowlands and great plains. (Use relief map.)

Begin now the use of the last book of the series going more exhaustively into the subjects treated than in the lower grades. Be careful, however, not to load the pupil's memory with a lot of geographical facts that do not touch his life and are learned only to be forgotten.

2. How modifiers affect different portions of the continent.

3. Names of States, with capital and metropolis of each. 4. Name two seaport cities and tell for what each is noted. (b) By sections.

1. Surface.

2. Climate.

3. Products.

4. Exports.

5. Imports.

6. Noted cities.

(c) Develop a products map. (d) Dependencies.

1. Name and locate each.

2. Climate.

3. Surface.

4. Products.

5. Principal cities.

6. Importance to United States.

II. Canada as a whole:

(a) Location and boundaries.

(b) Surface.

(c) Climate.

(d) People.

(e) Government.

(f) Products.

(g) Important cities.

III. Mexico as a whole:

Should be studied with an outline like that of Canada.

IV. Central America as a whole:

Should be studied with an outline like that of Canada.

V. West Indies as a whole:

(a) Locate.

(b) Importance.

(c) Chief cities.

VI. South America:

(a) Size and shape compared with North America. (b) Boundaries.

(c) Surface.

1. Three river systems.

2. Three highlands.

3. Pampas, silvas, llanos.

(d) Animal life.

(e) Products.

(f) People and occupations.

(g) Chief cities.

(h) Brazil, Argentina, and Chile.

1. Compare with United States as to surface, climate, in

dustries, progress.

2. Chief cities.

VII. Europe:

(a) As a whole.

1. Location and size.

2. Long coast line.

3. Boundaries.

4. Climate.

5. Productions.

6. Manufactures.

7. Great cities.

8. People.
Races.

Occupation.

Reasons for density of population.

(b) Great Britain and dependencies; France; Germany; Spain and Portugal; Austro-Hungary; Norway, Sweden, and Denmark; Russia; Switzerland and Italy; Greece; the Balkan Peninsula. 1. Surface.

2. Climate.

3. Production.

4. Chief cities.

5. People and their occupations.

VIII. Asia:

(a) The Continent as a whole.

1. Size and position.

2. Coast line.

3. Great northern plain and its rivers.

4. Great central highland.

5. Plateau of Thibet.

6. Himalaya system and Mount Everest.

7. Rivers of South and East.

8. Peninsulas.

9. Islands.

10. Climate and product.

11. Productions.

12. Principal cities.

13. People.

Races.

Occupations.

(b) Russia, Asia Minor, India, China, Japan, Australia, and other

Pacific islands.

1. Climate.

2. Productions.

3. Chief cities.

4. People and their occupations.

IX. Africa as a whole:

(Studied with outline similar to that for Asia.)

X. Research:

Assign to pupils throughout the year topics for special research, such as coal mining in Pennsylvania, the corn belt, cotton production in the South, harbors for shipping, Chicago as a trade center, sugar production in Louisiana, oil and gas in Oklahoma, the iron industry of Minnesota, fruit growing in Washington, coffee plantations of Brazil, cattle raising in Argentina.