ent places as a record of pre-occupation by the French. The expedition left Lachine on June 15, ascended the St. Lawrence, crossed Lake Ontario, arrived at Niagara July 6, coasted some distance along the southern shores of Lake Erie, and then made an overland journey to the head-waters of the Alleghany River. Following that stream to its junction with the Monongahela, they went down the Ohio to the mouth of the Great Miami, below Cincinnati, proclaiming French sovereignty, and burying six leaden tablets at as many different places. From the mouth of the Miami they made an overland journey to Lake Erie, and reached Fort Niagara Oct. 19, 1749. The place and date of Céloron's death are uncertain. Cemeteries, in the United States. By an act of the legislature of New York State, April 27, 1847, land devoted to cemetery purposes in that State is exempt from taxation. Cemeteries, NATIONAL. National cemeteries for soldiers and sailors may be said to have originated in 1850, the army appropriation bill of that year providing money for a cemetery near the city of Mexico, for the interment of the remains of soldiers who fell in the Mexican War. The remains of Federal soldiers and sailors who fell in the Civil War have been buried in seventy-eight cemeteries, exclusive of those interred elsewhere, a far greater number. In the subjoined list are given the names and locations of the national cemeteries, with the number therein buried, known and unknown: Danville, Va.. Fredericksburg, Va.. Chalmette, La. Brownsville, Tex.. Cave Hill, Louisville, Ky. Danville, Ky. Indianapolis, Census, UNITED STATES. The follow- Monday of August, and close within nine Previous to 1790 there were no definite tinguished from those under that age. By figures of population; everything was estimate. During the life of the Continental Congress the taxation apportionment, as well as the calls for troops from the colonies, was made on meagre information, and that often of a purely conjectural character. Mr. DeBow, who edited the census returns in 1850, gave the follow ing estimates of colonial population: The Constitution of the United States provides for an enumeration of the population as often as once in every ten years, as follows: "Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within the Union according to their respective numbers, which may be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons." The first act of Congress for the census-taking was dated March 1, 1790; the enumeration was to begin the first that census there were 3,929,214 persons in the United States, of whom 697,681 were slaves and 59,527 were free colored persons. In 1810 the act provided for an enumeration of the inhabitants, distinguishing between races, sexes, and ages. In 1820 another step forward was taken, in that it was required of the enumerators that their reports show the number of persons engaged in agriculture, manufactures, and commerce. In 1830 there was required an enumeration of the deaf, dumb, and blind, but there were no statistics of agriculture, manufactures, or commerce. In 1838 preparations were made for taking the sixth census, and the act is very comprehensive, embracing the enumeration of the population, with classification, according to age, sex, and color, the deaf, dumb, and blind, insane, idiots, free and slave colored; number of persons drawing pensions from the United States, with their names and ages; also statistical tables of mines, agriculture, commerce, manufactures, and schools. The returns made show the products of mines, manufactures, number of bushels of grain of every kind, of potatoes, tons of hay and hemp, pounds of tobacco and cotton and sugar, the value of dairy products, etc. The census of 1850 was placed under the charge of the newly created Department of the Interior. The first superintendent was Joseph C. G. Kennedy, of Pennsylvania. |