of which is equally distant from the centre.' From the centre of the line? or is the circle a figure? Overlooking the fact that a circle is a plane figure, his definition is equally applicable to a spiral, and to many other figures. There may be some consolation, however, in knowing that 'the general accuracy of the work' has been secured by the 'extensive geographical knowledge' of Boston, a city which, according to the Geography of Shaw and Allen, is 'the Athens of America', and 'the first city of the Union in literature and society.' It appears that the authors, contributors, revisers, teachers, and proof-readers who have been connected with Worren's Geography, do not know the meaning of the word Antipodes; and while they mention the periœcian relation incidentally, they avoid the use of that dangerous word Pericians, which might have proved as disastrous to them as Ornithorhynchus proved to Mr. Marcius Willson.

Mr. Worren runs off a definition with parrot-like glibness, to the effect that the 'Antipodes are those who live on exactly opposite sides of the globe.' But not satisfied with this, he strays away in the manner of a parrot, to obscure his previous words, by asserting that 'Our antipodes are the Chinese; their feet pointing directly towards ours.'! The Chinese are not our antipodes, but our periœcians; their feet are not towards ours, and even in common discourse the word is applied to things which are considered to be diametrically opposite, while antipodes of the Worren School would be able to shake hands at the north pole without destroying their (not antípodism but their) perioikism.

The illustrative cuts are engraved in a good style of art, and are properly adapted to their subjects. They are not, however, always accurate; the view of Notre Dame at Paris, for instance, is quite incorrect; the large circular window, perhaps thirty feet in diameter, and the most conspicuous feature of the front, being omitted.

ART. XI.-NOTICES OF BOOKS.

1.-MAN AND WOMAN; or, the Law of Honor applied to the Solution of the Problem-Why are so many more Women than Men Christians? By the Rev. Philip Slaughter, Rector of Calvary Church, Culpeper County, Virginia. With an Introduction by A. T. Bledsoe, LL. D. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. 1860.

THIS little book was published just before the war; and, though it was well received by the public, it did not meet with a sale commensurate with its merits. It is, then, with real pleasure, that we now comply with the suggestion to notice it in the SOUTHERN REVIEW. It deserves such a notice. Few persons, if any, suffered more from the war, than the venerable and beloved author of the pious little book in question. His library was burned, or destroyed, or scattered to the four winds, by the Vandals of the Northern army; and it fared little, if any, better with his furniture, house, and other property. Merely because he entertained the sentiments which animated the heart of every true son of the South, was he thus visited, in his old age, with utter ruin, destitution, and houseless poverty. Sincerely hoping that his little book may have, in the market, the success which it so richly deserves, we shall conclude this notice of it with a paragraph or two from the introduction', which was written by us for its first edition. It begins as follows:

'I will not offend the modesty of the author, nor the taste of the Christian reader, by writing a panegyric on the merits of the following volume. It can and will speak for itself. All it needs is a fair hearing. But the interests of truth require me to say that, while discussing a subject of the highest importance, it exhibits one of the best attributes of good writing, in being at once both obvious and original. So obvious, indeed, are some of its trains of reflection when once stated, that the reader can scarcely resist the impression that he must have seen them before; and yet they are so original, that he may search whole libraries for them in vain. Nor is this the chief merit of the book. It partakes of the nature of Divine truth itself, in that it is alike adapted to interest the child and the sage, or, what is still better, to awaken serious thought and confer lasting benefit on the reader who, like the present writer, is neither a child nor a sage. Only let it be read, and it can not fail to do good wher

ever the name of Christianity is respected, or the best interests of society are understood and valued.

The problem discussed by the author is, Why do so many more women than men become Christians? This is the one point from which all his reflections depart, and to which they return. It is not my purpose to anticipate him, by giving anything like an abstract of his work, or by putting his very suggestive thoughts in any words but his own. I merely intend, by way of introduction, to offer a few additional reflections, which have been suggested by "the infidel solution of the problem", as set forth in the second chapter of the volume. This solution is, in substance, that woman is the weaker vessel, and is therefore more easily deceived by the shams and sophistries enlisted in the cause of Christianity. The spirit of this solution, even when not expressed in words, often lurks in the heart of man, and, with many other things of the same kind, serves to harden it against the influence of the truth. He feels as if religion is an affair for women and children, but not for the higher order of intellectual beings, like himself. He may admit, perhaps, that it is a good thing for "the vulgar herd", as he is pleased to call the uneducated multitude; but he very surely imagines that one who has reached the sublime heights of reason should lay aside "the prejudices of his infancy." This spirit, which lies concealed and unsuspected in the hearts of so many, sometimes speaks out in right plain and intelligible words. Thus, Laplace, in his great work, La Systéme du Monde, turns aside to deplore the fact that even some of the greatest minds, such as Leibnitz and Newton, have not been able to overcome "the prejudices of infancy", as he expresses himself, and rise above the vulgar multitude into the region of pure reason, where neither a film of prejudice nor a shadow of superstition ever intercepts the view of men or of angels. He seems to stand on some one of the stars in the Mécanique Céleste, and look down, with an eye of pride and pity, on the greatest minds of earth, such as Descartes and Pascal and Leibnitz and Newton, because in the fetters of an infantile faith they are still associated with the weaker vessels of humanity.'

We hope, for the sake of our friend, Mr. Slaughter, that the reader is very anxious to see our reply to Laplace, Gibbon, &c., as well as the little book itself; and that he will gratify his curiosity, as soon as possible, by the purchase of the work. He will do a good thing; and he will get a good book.

2.-A NEW PRACTICAL HEBREW GRAMMAR, with Hebrew-English and EnglishHebrew Exercises, and a Hebrew Chrestomathy. By Solomon Deutsch, A. M., Ph. D. New York: Leypoldt & Holt. 1868.

WHOEVER Will master this volume of 268 pages, 8vo., about half of it grammar, and the other half exercises, chrestomathy, and vocabulary,-and two hours a day for six months, will secure the mastery of it,-will find himself able to read the Hebrew Bible by himself, with only an occasional consultation of the Lexicon. It is indeed an admirable manual for theological students, far superior, as such, to the grammar of Gesenius; and Dr. Deutsch deserves, and we trust will receive, from them a substantial acknowledgment of their indebtedness to him for his labor in their behalf. The getting up of the book is by a Baltimore printer, C. W. Schneidereith, and is, we confess, an agreeable surprise to us; for excellence of typography, both Hebrew and English, it may challenge comparison with the best work of the Riverside press.

3.- A HISTORY OF MARYLAND UPON THE BASIS OF MCSHERRY, for the use of Schools. By Henry Onderdonk, A. M., late President of the Maryland Agricultural College. Baltimore: John Murphy & Co. 1868.

WE have here, what our teachers have long felt the want of, a school history of Maryland, in moderate compass, written in a manner to attract and interest the youthful student. We are glad to learn that it is rapidly winning its way to public favor, and hope it will, ere long, come into general use in our schools and academies. We have noticed an occasional discrepancy in the dates of the text and of the chronological tables, which should be corrected in another edition.

4.- RICHMOND During the War; Four Years of Personal Observations. By a Richmond Lady. New York: G. W. Carleton & Co. 1867. Pp. 38.

In the above volume, an intelligent and cultivated lady gives, from her point of view in Richmond, her observations during the four years of the war. They are exceedingly interesting, and recall many recollections of alarms, panics, battles, heroic deeds, and sufferings by fire, and sword, and famine, and disease. We shall never forget 'Pawnee Sunday.' We were not in Richmond on that memorable day, but we arrived there on the following Monday or Tuesday, and found the city filled with merriment at its recent alarm, and a thousand amusing stories were afloat with respect to the incidents of 'Pawnee Sunday.' It was understood that, in case of danger, 'the bell on the Square'

should sound the alarm; and some one, foolishly enough, rang the people to arms, while most of them were engaged in Divine service on the Sabbath. No one knew what it portended; and, indeed, if the whole Northern army had been in the act of enter ing the city, the excitement could hardly have been greater than it was. 'In an instant,' says our author, all was confusion. The men, in the excitement, rushed pell-mell from the churches; and the women, pale and trembling with affright, clung to their sons and husbands, wherever they could- but getting no response to their tearful question-" What is the matter? What is the matter?" Hasty embraces, sudden wrenchings of the hand, tearful glances of affection, and our men rushed to their armories, to prepare they knew not for what. On every female face was the pale hue of dismay; but mingled with it, the stern, unmistakable impress of heroic resolution to yield up their hearts' "most cherished idols upon the altar of their country, if need be." Now, all this excitement, and wild confusion, arose from the idle rumor that the Pawnee, a Federal iron-clad, was ascending James river to shell Richmond; or rather from the silly act of ringing the Square Bell' in consequence of that rumor. The people of Richmond, however, soon got accustomed to such rumors, and minded them no more than the idle wind. Nay, they soon got accustomed to the stern realities of war; and often have we thought of 'Pawnee Sunday', as we have seen the men, women, and children, of Richmond, calmly engaged in conversation respecting the fortunes of the day, even while the tremendous roar of the enemy's cannon was sounding in their ears. In the work before us, we are, indeed, presented with a lively picture of Richmond during the War.' But who can describe Richmond as it was before, and as it is since, the war? How strange the contrast! How wonderful the change! We seldom permit ourselves, indeed, to think of that beautiful and beloved city, otherwise than as she was before the war,- before 'stern ruin's ploughshare drove clate full on her bloom.' No city in the world, unless we are greatly deceived, could boast a more delightful society than existed in Richmond before the war. For real hospitality, for genuine refinement of sentiment and manners, and, in short, for all the amenities of social life, we have certainly never known, nor do we desire to know, its superior. Much of that society remains, we are aware, and it will not undergo any material change during the present generation. But what the