however, well fitted for his task, for he possesses military as well as topographical knowledge. We do not think that many of our readers realize that it was the object of the allies-all of them, we believe, except England-to establish "in France a weak republic which eventually might be dismembered like Poland.' This dream occurred once more, a short time after the fall of the Second Empire; but then it was indulged in only by utterly irresponsible persons who knew little or nothing outside the politics of their own country, while on the former occasion really great statesmen were carried away by the delusion. 6 The Gentle Craft,' by Major Broadfoot, is an admirable article, which will be attractive to many persons who take little delight in other sports or games. We have met with men devoted to angling who had probably never seen a pack of hounds in their lives, and had assuredly never played a single game at cricket. Angling has been a sport from early times. Who was the first man to catch and eat a fish we shall never know; perhaps he was some cave-dweller. Whoever he was, he contributed not a little to the sustenance as well as the happiness of the generations who have come after him. Miss Caroline F. E. Spurgeon's paper on 'Mysticism in English Poetry' is very attractive, but mysticism" is one of the vaguest words in our language: hardly two people are to be found to whom the term conveys precisely the same meaning. In a region so loosely defined it is possible, without any intention of misleading, to misstate facts, to call nearly every poet a mystic, or to limit the faculty to a very few. We believe that no man was ever a poet without some degree of mysticism entering into his nature, though we think that Donne had the faculty in restricted measure. Some of the most interesting mystics are the followers of Sufiism in Persia. The Gardens of Italy,' by Mr. H. Sneyd, has given us great pleasure. There are very few who have investigated the history of these gardens as Mr. Sneyd has done, and still fewer who have appreciated their beauty with such pleasing results. The Romans may have been, and probably were, the discoverers of what has been called the "pattern garden"; and the inhabitants of Italy, even in the most unhappy periods of their history, never seem to have lost this pleasing art, which eventually spread northwards as far as Scotland. Whether among the almost countless gilds which existed in this country until the beginning of the reign of Edward VI. there were any gilds of gardeners, we do not know; but there was one at Lille, of which St. Paulinus was regarded as the patron saint. It is generally assumed that the pattern garden was introduced into England about the middle of the reign of Elizabeth; but it is not unlikely that it came in at a somewhat earlier date. There was a flower-garden at Berkeley Castle in the early part of the fifteenth century, but we do not know what was the manner of its beauty, There are few of these old pattern gardens yet left to us; most of those we have are more or less injured by time or the hands of the improver; nearly all of them were swept away when George III. was king. Fulke Greville of Wilberry, who wrote his Maxims, Characters, and Reflections' in 1756, evidently had a contempt for them; he was in favour of what was looked upon as an imitation of nature which was then becoming the fashion, for he speaks of gardens he knew as "still full of green peacocks, green pyramids, green minced pyes, and green statues. Mr. Sidney T. Irwin's paper on Oliver Goldsmith is worthy of praise, as it does not exaggerate his merits or weigh too heavily on his defects. The paper on the letters of the late Queen approaches too near the boundary line of modern politics to be dealt with here. THE later numbers of L'Intermédiaire deal with the game of diabolo and with inscriptions on sundials. They also wander from the descendants of historical diamonds, and thence to the natural colour of the hair of great men. Are creative geniuses, such as Rabelais, Molière, Napoleon, Shakespeare, Darwin, and Kant, usually dark or fair? Another question discussed is, How many words are needed for speech? and Max Müller is quoted as to the paucity of words found among rural people who have never been to school. That the vocabulary of a day labourer or peasant farmer of a thinly populated district in any part of Europe has ever been so limited as his social superiors often imagine is, however, doubtful. Simple as the plenishing of an old-fashioned dwelling-room used to be, each part of each object in it had its own name; and so with the neighbouring sheds, the garden, the implements for work, the cattle, and the land itself. Many substantives must always have been needed in connexion with different kinds of soil, streams, woods, quarries, acclivities and declivities. A countryman of the early half of the nineteenth century might be glaringly, deficient in dictionary language, yet have a rich vocabulary so far as his own narrow life was concerned. Marshal Lefebvre and " Madame Sans-Gêne" to Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately, nor can we advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of disposing of them. ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. To secure insertion of communications corre spondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answer. ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." T. W. R. ("I sit on a rock").-For this riddle see S. ii. 10, 77; xii. 365, 520. MR. J. P. OWEN gave his verse solution of it at 9 S. v. 332. 1 NOTICE. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print, and to this rule we can make no exception. JOURNAL OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN LITERATURE, SCIENCE, THIS WEEK'S ATHENÆUM contains Articles on LIFE AND LETTERS OF SIR RICHARD JEBB. CHRISTUS FUTURUS. THE SCOT OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. THE HALO. THE GHOSTS OF PICCADILLY. JUVENILE LITERATURE. FARMER GEORGE AND GEORGE III. AS MAN, MONARCH, AND STATESMAN. MESSRS. AGNEW'S GALLERY. JAMES HERBERT VEITCH. LAST WEEK'S ATHENÆUM contains Articles on PRINCIPAL CAIRD'S LAY SERMONS AND ADDRESSES. LADY DOROTHY NEVILL'S NOTE-BOOKS. SAINTSBURY ON NINETEENTH-CENTURY LITERATURE. LOUIS XI. AS DAUPHIN AND KING. THE MYSTERY OF LADY NEWBOROUGH. NEW NOVELS:-A Subaltern of Horse; Arethusa; The Eternal Feminine; The Daughter of Anderson Crow; Gamble Gold; The Woman in the Way; The Windfall; A Soul from the Pit; Rosette; These Three; Copper under the Gold; The Shuttlecock: The Heart of the Northern Sea. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LITERATURE. OUR LIBRARY TABLE:-Human Bullets; The Heart of Gambetta; Socialism; English Humorists LIST OF NEW BOOKS. SCIENCE:-Wild and Cultivated Cottons; Bryant's History of Astronomy; The Prolongation of Life; Observing and Forecasting the Weather; Anthropological Notes; Societies; Meetings Next Week; Gossip. FINE ARTS:-Two Books on Morland; The Society of Portrait Painters; Drawings at Mr. Paterson's Gallery; Gossip; Exhibitions. MUSIC:-Germania; Gossip; Performances Next Week. DRAMA:-Othello; The Thief. NEXT WEEK'S ATHENEUM will contain Reviews of A. M. W. STIRLING'S COKE OF NORFOLK AND HIS FRIENDS. AND G. S. LAYARD'S LIFE, LETTERS, AND DIARIES OF SHIRLEY BROOKS. The ATHENEUM, every SATURDAY, price THREEPENCE, of JOHN C. FRANCIS and J. EDWARD FRANCIS, Athenæum Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. And of all Newsagents. SWAN SONNENSCHEIN & CO., LTD. THE PRINCIPLES OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN. By PERCY L. MARKS, Architect, Author of "The Principles of Planning.' With numerous Illustrations. Royal 8vo, 108. 6d. net. "The principles of Architectural Design' is the calm, unemotional discourse of a teacher to his class. It is a THE LIFE AND TIMES OF By ADA B. TEETGEN. With 9 Illustra- sequel to an earlier volume, The Principles of Planning. HISTORY AND ETHNOGRAPHY The two together form a complete treatise. The book is evidence of wide research and close observation. Its conclusions are clearly stated, and for the most part are in accordance with the trend of modern artistic development. Mr. Marks is always suggestive and stimulating." [Illustrated Carpenter and Builder. "Of considerable use to those entering upon the study and practice of architecture."-Scotsman. DICTIONARY OF By T. B. HARBOTTLE and MARTIN HUME, DICTIONARY OF ENGLISH QUOTATIONS. By Col. P. H. DALBIAC. Fourth and Carefully Revised Edition, with Appendix. Small demy 8vo, 78. 6d. A DICTIONARY OF By HUGH MONTGOMERY. Assisted by ST. GEORGE. By Mrs. E. O. GORDON, Author of 'Life of net. OF SOUTH AFRICA. (South of the Zambesi.) By G. M'CALL THEAL. Vol. I.-THE PORTUGUESE IN SOUTH AFRICA, 1505-1700. Demy 8vo, 78. 6d. RAMTANU LAHIRI BRAHMAN AND REFORMER. A History of the Renaissance in Bengal. ANCIENT LEGENDS OF By ETTORE PAIS, Professor of the Univer- THOUGHT AND THINGS, By JAMES MARK BALDWIN, Ph.D. CYCLOPÆDIA OF EDUCATION. New Edition, thoroughly Revised, by M. E. THE ODES OF HORACE. SWAN SONNENSCHEIN & CO., LTD., 25, High Street, Bloomsbury, W.C. By E. R.. Published Weekly by JOHN C. FRANCIS and J. EDWARD FRANCIS, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C.; and Printed by J. EDWARD FRANCIS, Athenæum Press, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane E.C.-Saturday, November 23, 1907. NOTES AND QUERIES is published on ABOUT 2,000 BOOKS WANTED FRIDAY AFTERNOON at 2 o'clock. NOTES OTES AND QUERIES.-The SUBSCRIPTION Months; or 208. 6d. for Twelve Months, including the Volume Index. J. EDWARD FRANCIS, Notes and Queries Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.O. P. M. BARNARD, M.A., (Formerly Classical and Theological Scholar of 10, Dudley Road (opposite the Opera House), Tunbridge Wells. CATALOGUE 18, JUST ISSUED, contains:Books on the County of Kent-Historical TractsAmericana-Friends' Books. CATALOGUES FREE ON APPLICATION. Out-of-Print Books sought for and reported free of charge. A careful List is kept for reference of all Books wanted. Are advertised for weekly in THE PUBLISHERS' CIRCULAR AND BOOKSELLERS' RECORD (ESTABLISHED 1837), Which also gives Lists of the New Books published during the Week, Announcements of Forthcoming Books, &c. Subscribers have the privilege of a Gratis Advertisement in the Books Wanted Columns. Sent for 52 weeks, post free, for 108. 6d. home and 138. 6d. foreign Subscription. Specimen copy free on application to all mentioning 'Notes and Queries.' Price TWOPENCE WEEKLY. Office: ST. DUNSTAN'S HOUSE, Fetter Lane, London. EIGHTH EDITION, tcap. 8vo, cloth, price Sixpence. BOOKS-ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS REMARKABLE ECLIPSES: a Sketch of the supplied, no matter on what subject. Acknowledged the world over as the most expert Bookfinders extant. Please state wants.BAKER'S Great Bookshop, 14-16, John Bright Street, Birmingham. PEDIGREES TRACED: Evidences of Descent from Public Records. Pamphlet post free. ARMS and CRESTS Authentic Information upon all Matters connected with Heraldry. HERALDIC ENGRAVING and PAINTING, with special attention to accuracy of detail and artistic treatment. Book-Plates, Dies, Seals, Signet-Rings, Livery-Buttons, &c. L CULLETON, 92, Piccadilly, London, W. THE AUTHOR'S HAIRLESS PAPER-PAD. (The LEADENHALL PRESS, Ltd., Publishers and Printers, 50, Leadenhall Street, London, E.C.) Contains hairless paper, over which the pen slips with perfect freedom. Sixpence each. 58. per dozen, ruled or plain. New Pocket Size, 38. per dozen, ruled or plain. Authors should note that the Leadenhall Press, Ltd., cannot be responsible for the loss of MSS. by fire or otherwise. Duplicate copies should be retained. STICKPHAST PASTE is miles better than Gum most interesting Circumstances connected with the Observation of Solar and Lunar Eclipses, both in Ancient and Modern Times. By W. T. LYNN, B.A. F.R.A.S. London: for sticking in Scraps, joining Papers, &c. 3d., 6d. and 18. with strong, useful Brush (not a Toy). Send two stamps to cover postage Also Cases for Binding, price 18.; by post 18. 2d. for a sample Bottle, including Brush. Factory, Sugar Loaf Court, Leadenhall Street, E.C. Of all Stationers. Stickphast Paste sticks. ATHENEUM PRESS. JOHN EDWARD JOHN C. FRANCIS and J. EDWARD FRANCIS, FRANCIS, Printer of the Atheneum, Notes and Queries, &c., is prepared to SUBMIT ESTIMATES for all kinds of BOOK, NEWS, and PERIODICAL PRINTING.-13. Bream's Buildings. Chancery Lane. E.C. Notes and Queries Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. Particulars of W. H. SMITH & SON'S LIBRARY And its advantages. The Library contains over 500,000 Volumes of Works representing all Classes of General Literature. Nearly every recognized work published in recent years can be obtained from our Library. The Student, the Politician, the Professional Man, the Scientist, the Sportsman, the Lover of Fiction, and General Reader will find an infinite variety of choice. Our Catalogue will prove a reliable guide to all that is best in General Literature. All books of popular interest are added as published. Subscribers have the privilege of being transferred to any of our 800 Branches. The books are sent from our Head Office to the Branches carriage paid, or they can be changed direct from Head Office by Parcel Post or Rail. Boxes supplied gratis. We issue at frequent periods a prospectus of the newest books in circulation. A post card will bring it to you on application. * A deposit of 28. 6d. on each Volume is required with all Monthly Subscriptions. SUBURBAN AND COUNTRY. For Exchanging at any of the Suburban and Country Depots. * A deposit of 28. 6d. on each Volume is required with all Monthly Subscriptions. SPECIAL TRAVELLING SUBSCRIPTIONS Entitling Subscribers to Exchange at any Depot without previous notice. PARCEL POST EXCHANGE. Terms on application. Books may be exchanged through the PARCEL POST, by RAIL, at reduced carriage rates, or by any other available means desired, from the Head Office to any part of the United Kingdom, the cost of postage and carriage being borne by the Subscriber. Boxes are supplied gratis. A CATALOGUE OF SURPLUS LIBRARY AND NEW REMAINDER BOOKS, offered at greatly reduced prices, is published Monthly, and supplied gratis on application. HEAD OFFICE: 186, STRAND, LONDON, W.C. (Howard Street entrance). AND AT W. H. SMITH & SON'S RAILWAY BOOKSTALLS AND SHOP BRANCHES. |