flower-pot that will hold two quarts or more, a quarter of a square yard of white flannel, a strong string and a flat-bottomed dish. Spread the flannel out over the top of the pot, then push the flannel down in the centre so as to make it funnel-shaped, but do not let the flannel go clear to the bottom of the pot. Tie the string around the flannel and pot near the top and set the pot in the dish. Put the ice between two layers of stout cloth, lay it on a solid surface, and pound with the side of your hatchet until it is well crushed. Put the crushed ice in the funnel of flannel and you will be delighted to find that you can dip up a spoonful of ice without water. You will be surprised to find that in the hottest weather the supply of ice has lasted all night. The ice-dish makes a very convenient place to put a glass of milk to keep it cool, if need be.

since diseased kidneys do not eliminate it perfectly, but in phloridzine we have a substance which itself can provoke glycosuria without the need of sugar in the diet.

Five milligrammes of phloridzine are injected subcutaneously, and the urine is at once tested for sugar and at regular intervals thereafter. If the kidneys are healthy sugar appears in the urine in about three hours, but if they are insufficient, sugar does not appear. The phloridzine and methylene blue tests may be used together.-Med. Review of Reviews.

Varicose Ulcers.

Prof. Chipault read a paper before the Biological Society on the treatment of varicose ulcers by stretching the sensitive nerves of the leg. The nerve, he said, chosen for the operation should be that on the territory where the ulcer was situated, and more particularly the internal saphena or the musculo-cutaneous nerves. The treatment of the ulcer itself consisted of one of two methods. If it were small he advised total ablation; if, on the contrary, it were extensive, which was generally the case, he counselled the use of the rugine to convert a fetid wound into a healthy one, and obtain its healing by appropriate applications.-Paris Cor. Med. Press and Circular.

The Use of Sugar after Severe Muscular Exercise.

Experiments of an interesting nature, the Med. Record says, have lately been made at the instigation of the Prussian war office to endeavor to decide the question as to whether the consumption of small quantities of sugar renders the tired muscles capable of renewed exertion. In order to obtain a practical result, the person who was made the subject of the experiments was kept totally ignorant of their object. On one day a sweet liquid was administered, containing thirty grammes of sugar; on the next day a similar liquid, containing a sufficient amount of saccharin to render it indistinguishable from the other as regarded taste. After

a very large amount of muscular work had been performed it was found that better results could be obtained on the days when the sugar was given than on the days when saccharin was given. The blood had become very poor in sugar in consequence of the severe muscular effort, and the administration of a small quantity of sugar had a markedly invigorating effect. - Med. Times.

Pneumonia in Very Young Children. Dr. L. Emmett Holt (Med. News) concludes as follows:

1. No depleting measures are ever admissible.

2. Hygienic treatment, including fresh air, proper feeding and intelligent care, is of the utmost importance.

3. No unnecessary medication should be permitted.

4. Many annoying symptoms may be relieved by local treatment, such as cough by inhalations, pain by counter irritation, restlessness by ice cap, or sponging.

5. Stimulants should be deferred until demanded by the condition of the pulse.

6. High temperature is much more safely and effectively controlled by the use of cold than by drugs.

7. Greater caution is necessary in the use of powerful stimulants than is generally observed.

8. Rest is quite as important as in other serious diseases. Kansas City Med. Record.

Protargol in Affections of the Nose and Throat.

Alexander (Archiv. f. Laryngologie, Bd. ix, Hft. 1, 1899) recommends protargol in chronic affections of the nose and throat. Cases of chronic pharyngitis and atrophic rhinitis benefited under treatment with a 1 per cent. solution. The best results were obtained in cases of empyema of the antrum, which were treated with a 5 per cent. solution. The writer also claims remarkable results in cases of hay fever, which he treated by painting the nasal mucous membrane with a per cent. solution. On the other hand, no benefit ensued in acute inflammation (ton

sillitis, pharyngitis, and laryngitis).— Med. and Surg. Review of Reviews.

Treatment of Anemic Dyspepsias in
Children.

Eldridge G. Cutler, in speaking of treatment, advises the use of ferratin to increase the hemoglobin. In examining the patient the relation or dependence of dyspeptic conditions on other local diseases or general disturbances should be sought and found. The lungs and the urine should be examined; the hemoglobin should be examined. weekly, and the patient weighed. If diet and control of daily life do not increase the hemoglobin, then ferratin should be used to aid other measures.— Boston Med. and Surg. Journal.

A FAMOUS EXPRESSION.-Prof. Gibson, one of the pioneers in the development of scientific medical teaching in the United States, was asked by one of his students at the University of Pennsylvania, how to obtain a comprehensive, accurate knowledge of medicine that would enable the physician to make a correct diagnosis, and execute proper treatment. Dr. Gibson's reply has become inseparably connected with his name and memory. It was "Principles, principles, principles." By this, of course, was meant that however varied were the manifestations of disease, they were to be comprehensively grasped only by a knowledge of the fundamental principles of physiology, pathology and therapeutics. The symptoms of disease, however manifold, could be intelligently interpreted only on this philosophic basis. Strictly consistent with this inexorable law is the fact that all conditions of depression and exhaustion of the system can be appropriately and effectively treated only by re-awakening the dormant and torpid nutritive functions. The crying need of the emaciated tissues and impaired vital functions is for food, the natural restorative. In most cases, however, there is not only an indisposition to take food, but the digestive organs are so enfeebled that they cannot digest and assimilate food-their functions are suspended. Gray's Glycerine Tonic Comp. has a specific, selective action upon the atonic digestive organs; it not only enables them to digest food, but it invariably promotes assimilation, so that reconstruction of wasted tissues and nervous force is absolutely assured. For this reason Gray's Glycerine Tonic Comp. is the most rational, scientific and effective remedy in all conditions of malnutrition, anemia and nervous exhaustion, occurring either independently as a consequence of organic disease, such as tuberculosis, Bright's disease, or as the result of acute infectious diseases.

Translations.

PARISIAN MEDICAL CHIT-CHAT.

TRANSLATED BY T. C. M.

The Pasteur Institutes-Editorial of Dr. Lutaud in the Journal de Médecine de Paris, the Leading Medical Periodical of France Princess Doctresses.

The Pasteur Institute continues to astonish the world by the success it reports in the treatment of hydrophobia. Each year sees the press in all countries print the statistics that show the brilliant results obtained; these statistics are published in profusion by a wellorganized advertising bureau-not for medical journals, either, but for the benefit of the great political papers that control the discussion of facts. But the last circular recently sent out by Dr. Pottevin exceeds all that might be imagined of this fantastic advertising. Let us extract the most sensational passage:

During twelve years of the existence of the Pasteur Institute we find that 21,631 persons bitten by animals have come to demand anti-rabic vaccination. Of these 21,631 patients, the loss has been but 99; thus 21,532 human lives have been saved by Pasteur and his pupils."

We have underlined the last lines, that constitute, to our minds, a veritable chef d'œuvre of puffism.

Thus the directors of the celebrated Parisian institution try to lead us to believe that, without the discovery of the great (?) Pasteur, 21,631 persons would have died of hydrophobiaand this only in France, too, mind you.

We think ourselves dreaming when we read such amusing statements; meantime they emanate from the most reputed medical scientific centre of the globe (?)-the celebrated Pasteur Institute of Paris.

Why admit, then, that hydrophobia made so few victims each year before the discovery of the wonderful spinal virus, and that suddenly it grew to be one of the most fatal maladies in

France?-had it not been for the work of Mr., not Dr., Pasteur?

Look at the figures. According to the statistics of the Council of Hygiene, published by Brouardel, and covering a number of deaths from hydrophobia in period from 1850 to 1882, the average France was twenty-seven. Yet since the foundation of the Pasteur Institute these figures show an increase to 1,800 cases per annum !

So this Pottevin has the audacity to tell us that the celebrated Institute has saved 21,532 human lives!

This is not only audacity, but it is an absolute lie!

If we consult the statistics furnished by the Pasteur Institute itself we shall see that individuals treated are divided into three categories, i.e., those bitten by animals simply suspected of hydrophobia, those bitten by animals in which it is claimed hydrophobia was determined by veterinary surgeons, and those in which hydrophobia has been proven experimentally by inoculation. of animals by the brain matter of the animal that did the biting.

These followers of Pasteur, then, recognize themselves that the individuals they inoculate have not all hydrophobia, since they may have been bitten by animals simply suspected. Meantime they do not hesitate to make such cases figure in their statistics as cured.

In a recent article Dr. Boucher has shown that they inoculate all the people who present themselves, even those who just think they were bitten.

Some of these inoculations are very fantastic. Witness the following, that fell under our personal observation, narrated by one of our Algerian confrères:

An Indian of Tamezult, having during the night heard a noise in his stable, felt around in the darkness to discover the source of the constant growling that had awakened him. Suddenly a powerful pair of jaws seized the fingers of one of his hands. and the pain was so great that he screamed aloud. screamed aloud. His cries brought in his wife and neighbors, and they found a supurb jackal holding on to the vic

tim's hand with its fangs. All efforts to make the beast let go failed, and it was necessary to break the animal's neck before it was detached.

The patient's wound was dressed, and the next day the jackal, being found very fat and very appetizing, was served up at a feast. The Indian bitten succumbed soon after to tetanus consecutive to his wounds. Although a case of hydrophobia from eating the flesh of an animal suffering from the disease was never known to develop, all who had partaken of the jackal's meat were sent to the Pasteur Institute to follow the anti-rabic treatment.

Thus believed a group of individuals who not only were not bitten, but had simply eaten the jackal's flesh. They, too, went and were inoculated to swell the number of miraculous cures of hydrophobia with which the Pasteur Institute astonishes the world.

In sum, all these grotesque claims have no other purpose than to call public attention to an industrial establishment where serum and other socalled specifics of that ilk are manufactured and sold to a deluded public at fabulous prices, under the cover of philanthropy; they make all the claims. for serums that certain Americans do for Shaker tea.

The branches of Pasteur Institutes in foreign lands all employ the same system of advertising. We received, a few days since, the report of the Antirabic Institute at Turin for the year 1898. Five hundred cases of hydrophobia were cured in that establishment alone. This is a beautiful success. But the director says that of these 500 cases 250 were not cases of rabies. Wonderful! What disease have they cured then?

We consider it our duty to call the attention of all reputable medical men to the scandalous doings of these pretended medical savants of the Rue Dutot. Not only have these sero-therapists not saved 21,532 lives in Paris, as they pretend, but they have augmented the stupid terror that people have of hydrophobia—a disease that has always been extremely rare. They have not diminished the mortality of this malady;

they have increased its prevalence by creating the hydrophobia of the laboratory, and destroyed a large number of persons who never had the affection by inoculating the unfortunates with a laboratory poison.

To the ninety-nine deaths they acknowledge after Pasteurian treatment they should now add the deaths not treated, or who were treated at the Pasteur Institute and discharged as cured and afterwards died. Sooner or later all these form a much higher annual mortality than is reported.

Let us terminate this article, already too long, by citing two deaths from the treatment that have not yet been given to the public.

Pierre M., wine merchant, living on the Rue Picpus, in Paris, was bitten by a Danish dog on June 11, 1899. The dog was immediately killed, following the popular custom (every dog that bites is claimed to be mad; the whole world knows this to be utterly false). The bitten man immediately went to the Pasteur Institute, where he was conscientiously injected for ten days with the spinal virus, after which he was discharged cured. Alas! The unfornate was attacked, on July 2, with all the acute symptoms of hydrophobia, and died.

Here is another of these wonderful cures that we have personally seen:

Thevenet, of the Chapelle des Bois (Rhones), aged eleven years, was bitten by a dog on July 10, 1899. The patient was sent immediately to the Pasteur Institute, where he was given antirabic treatment for fifteen days. was sent back to his family fully cured. He died of hydrophobia on July 31.

He

We wonder whether these and other cases have been added to the statistics of the wonderful Pasteur Institute?

This is the manner in which the science of microbes is cultivated, and these, too, are the statistics of the cures manufactured.

the latter has recently published an essay in the Revue medicale de Suisse Romande. She signs herself the "Princess Quedroyts de Beloseroff." Singular that this Princess doctress should have chosen for her title "The Excision of the Vesicule Seminales and Deferent Canal in a Case of Castration for Primary Tuberculosis." One can easily appreciate the value of such a work, written by a Princess doctress. The age progresses; it is probable that with a very few years we shall see female specialists who only practice among men, as men do now among women. Nothing would astonish us.

We shall ever admire doctresses for their energy and scientific aptitudes, and think they should conform to their natural tastes. If the Princess Quedroyts de Beloseroff can find enough young men who are willing to be castrasted she will no doubt, in the end, prove a public benefactor.

Do

you remember the amusing anec

dote told by Guy de Maupassant, narrated in his book "Sur l'eau?" They spoke of the emancipation of women, of feminine rights and the new position assumed by the fair sex towards society. Some approved, others were angered. Then one good fellow at table made the remark: "Gentlenmen, this matter was fully discussed in America, where an orator, developing numerous arguments in favor of women in every sphere, terminated by saying: Finally gentlemen, there is very little difference between women and men.' A loud and enthusiastic voice on the outside rang out in a very convinced manner : 'Hurrah for that little difference!""

FOUR-FIFTHS of the battle for asepsis is won when the physician will carry with him a hand scrubbing-brush, new for each case, and be willing to spend ten minutes in its use, with hot water and plain soap.-G. E. SHOEMAKER.