About the middle of January, 1733, the Anne arrived at Charleston harbor. The emigrants were received with great demonstrations of joy. The South Carolinia assembly voted them a large supply of cattle and other provisions, for they regarded the newcomers as valuable auxiliaries; and the Anne was piloted from Charleston into Port Royal Sound, near Beaufort Island whence the emigrants were to be conveyed to the Savannah River in small boats. The council of South Carolinia furnished Oglethorpe with a guide, and he went forward to select a suitable place for a settlement.

Oglethorpe chose the Yamacraw bluff on the Savannah River, about ten miles from the sea, where Governor Moore, about thirty years before, had planted a small tribe of Creek Indians, as a suitable place for the first settlement. The spot selected was a high plain, with a river front forty feet above the stream, which gently sloped to the swamps in the rear. Having laid out a town here, the governor of the new colony returned to Beaufort and conducted the emigrants to the location which was to be their future home.

It was the 1st of February when the hopeful emigrants arrived on the spot and, spreading their tents, slept peacefully that night, for the first time on their own soil.

The South Carolinians, realizing the value of

such neighbors, did all in their power to encourage and aid them. They sent them boats with additional provisions, and a body of rangers for the protection of the colonists, while the latter were building their cabins and a fort for their defence. The projected town was christened Savannah, and at an early hour the next day after their arrival, the ring of axes and crash of falling trees evinced that the work of improvement had begun. Comfortable dwellings and a formidable military work on which cannon were mounted sprang up. Oglethorpe's letter to the trustees in regard to the location was full of enthusiasm. Among other things, he said:

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Upon the river side, at the centre of this plain, I have laid out a town, opposite to which is an island (Hutchinson's Island) of very rich pasturage, which I think should be kept for the trustees' cattle. The river is pretty wide, the water fresh, and from the key of the town you see its whole course to the sea, with the island of Tybee, which forms the mouth of the river. For about six miles up into the country the landscape is very agreeable, the stream being wide and bordered with high woods on both sides.

Realizing that the inhabitants of the new colony would be compelled to defend themselves and their homes, before they left London, they received some

military training from the sergeants of the guards. The improvements in arms had wrought a material change in discipline. For nearly a hundred years, the lance and spear among infantry had been discarded, and the musket and bayonet had taken their place. Armor was found to be of little avail against bullets, and a great hindrance to the celerity of movement, so that it was nearly discarded. Almost the first act of Oglethorpe was to form a military organization; and he frequently exercised them in the presence of the Indians, that they might be early impressed with their military skill.

When the fort was completed and the cannon mounted, the governor gave his attention to establishing peaceful relations with the Indians. They were within the territory claimed by the powerful Creek (Muskogee) confederacy, and but a short distance from the seat of a tribe composed partly of Yamacraws and partly of Yamasees or Savannahs, over whom presided To-mo-chi-chi, a venerable chief. He was ninety-one years of age and had been banished for some unknown cause by his people, the lower Creeks.

Oglethorpe sought an early interview with Tomo-chi-chi, which was held under the tall pines and wide-spreading live-oaks that covered Yamacraw Bluff, with Mary Musgrove, the half-breed Creek wife of a South Carolinia trader, as interpre

ter.

To-mo-chi-chi pledged his unwavering friendship for the whites, and gave his influence to Oglethorpe in bringing about a general convention of the heads of the confederacy. That convention assembled at Savannah late in May, 1733, and was attended by fifty chiefs representing eight tribes of the Muskogee or Creek nation.

Through an interpreter, Oglethorpe addressed the assembled chiefs. He represented the power and wealth of the English Government, and dwelt on the advantages to be derived from an alliance with them. When the governor ceased speaking, Tomo-chi-chi, the venerable chief, on behalf of the Creek warriors cordially assented to what had been proposed. In conclusion he said:

"I was a banished man. I came here, poor and helpless, to look for lands near the tombs of my ancestors, and the trustees sent people here. I feared you would drive us away, for we were weak and wanted corn; but you confirmed our land to us, gave us food and instructed our children.” Then, giving Governor Oglethorpe a buffalo skin, on the inside of which were delineated the head and features of an eagle, he added: "Here is a little present. I give you the skin of a buffalo adorned with the head and feathers of an eagle, which I desire you to accept, because the eagle is the emblem of speed and the buffalo of strength.

The English are as swift as the bird, and as strong as the beast; since, like the former, they flew over vast seas to the uttermost parts of the earth, and, like the latter, they are so strong that nothing can withstand them. The feathers of the eagle are soft, and signify love; the buffalo's skin is warm, and signifies protection; therefore I hope the English will love and protect our little families."

A treaty was made, by which all the unoccupied lands within the defined boundaries were assigned to the English, which treaty was confirmed by the trustees on October 18, 1733. The colony of Georgia, fostered and cared for by South Carolinia as a bulwark between that colony and the hostile Spaniards of Florida, early began to thrive. Almost one of the first acts of the law-making powers of Georgia was to prohibit the drinking of rum.

He

In the spring of 1734, Oglethorpe went to England, leaving the colony in the care of others. invited the old Creek monarch To-mo-chi-chi, with his queen, See-naw-ki, their adopted son and nephew, Too-na-ho-wi and five other chiefs to accompany him, which invitation they accepted. The barbarians were as much objects of curiosity in Europe as were the first savages taken by Columbus to the court of Spain. They were presented to the king and were entertained by his highness, and the Prince of Wales gave Too-na-ho-wi a gold watch,