to restrict power of Federal courts,
416.

Nineteenth Congress, first ses-
sion. Senate passes anti-third-
term resolution, 429; debates in
Senate over the Panama Congress,
441-450; in the House, 450-459.

Nineteenth Congress, second ses-
sion. Memorials for increase of
duty on woollens, 241, 242; new bill,
242, note; defeated in Senate, 1827,
242.

Twentieth Congress, first session.
Committee on Manufactures of
House, 251; memorial of Harris-
burg Convention in, 251; tariff and
anti-tariff memorials, 251-254; "the
tariff of abominations," 254, 255.

Twentieth Congress, second ses-
sion. Report of Committee on
Slave-trade in District of Columbia,
226; anti-tariff protests of South
Carolina, Alabama, and Georgia,
267; debate over value of Oregon,
479-483.

"

Congressmen. Appointed to office,
and the Presidents from Washing-
ton to Jackson, 526, note.
Connecticut. School system of, 348-
351; the colonial period, 348, 349;
the "Western Reserve and the
school fund, 349-351; services of
James Hillhouse, 350; decline of,
351; grant to, for asylums, 364;
charter of, retained, 375; attempts
to amend, 381, 382; constitution of
1818, 382, 383; message of Gover-
nor Trumbull, 407; resolutions of,
relative to militia, 408; proposed
amendment limiting duration of
embargo, 430, 431.

Conscience. Liberty of, 377, 379, 380,
390-392; in Massachusetts, 390; in
New Jersey. Delaware, and North
Carolina, 391.
Conscript bill.
412.
Constitution of the United States.
Constitutional powers of Congress
over tariff, 233, 234, 243; memorial
of the Charleston Chamber of Com-
merce, 244, 245; Dr. Cooper's reso-
lutions, 249; resolutions of George-
town, 249; report of Legislature of
North Carolina, 252; State rights
report of South Carolina, 1828, 252,
253; resolutions of Georgia, 1828,
253; of Alabama, 253, 254; of Ohio
and New Jersey, 254; address of
anti-tariff meeting, 256; message of
Governor of South Carolina, 262;
resolutions introduced in Legisla-
ture, 262, 263; South Carolina Ex-
position,' 263-267; resolutions of
South Carolina, Alabama, and Geor-
gia, 267; eleventh amendment, 402;
the Force Act and the Constitution,
407; New England and the militia
clause of, 407, 408; clause of, admis-
sion of States, 408-411.
Constitutions, State. The early, 374–
378; bills of rights, 375; representa-
tion, 375, 376, note; suffrage, 376,
377; powers of Executive. 377, 378:
gradual abolition of religious and
property qualifications, 379, 380:
new ideas in. 1810-20, 390, 381;
new constitution of New York, 383-
VOL. V.-37

Resistance to, 411,

561

388; amendments, Massachusetts
convention, 1820, 388-390; Rhode
Island, 1824, 390; New York suf-
frage amendment, 1826, 392; new
constitution of Virginia, 392, 393;
changes of half a century, 393,
394.

Convention. New York, 384; Massa-
chusetts, 388; Rhode Island, 390;
Virginia, 392; Hartford, called by
Massachusetts, 412; amendments
proposed by, 428, 429; character
and cause of, 431, 432; Harrisburg,
call for, 246, 247; response to call,
247, 249; membership of, 249, 250;
address and memorial of, 250, 251;
resolutions of Alabama on, 253;
anti-tariff, proposed, 257, 258; State
Convention in South Carolina pro-
posed, 262, 263; Federal Convention
to amend proposed, 263; "South
Carolina Exposition " relative to a,

266.
Convention. Canal, at Harrisburg,
142.

Conventions, Provincial. In the Rev-
olution, 373, 374.
Conventions. With Russia as to
Alaska, 22-23; Nootka Sound, 479.
Cooper, James Fenimore. Early
life, 297, 298; first novel, "Precau-
tion," 298; The Spy," its success,
298, 299; "Leatherstocking Tales,
299, 300; "The Pilot," 300; Eng.
lish praise of, 300.

Cooper, Dr. Thomas. Speech at Co-
lumbia against tariff, 247-249; fa-
vors disunion, 260.

Cordova. Treaty of, 10.

Cotton. Rise of cotton planting,
168-169; export, 169; decline in
price, 169; effect of, 170; effect of
invention of cotton gin, 227, 228;
increased demand for, 227; yield in
1791, 1800, 1811, 1821, 227; export
of, 228; slavery and, 228; market
for, 242, 243; Hayne declares cotton
trade threatened. 244; Harrisburg
Convention recommends increase iu
tariff on cotton goods, 251.
Cotton mills. In New England, 229;
in Middle States, 230; increase of,
after tariff of 1824, 240.
Council of Appointment, New York.
Patronage of, 384, 388.

Council of Revision, New York, 378,
380, note; abolition of, 384, 385, 388.
Courier, The London. On Monroe

Doctrine, 48.

Court. Judges' tenure, 393.
Court. Supreme Court. "South
Carolina Exposition" on power of,
266; early decisions on unconstitu-
tional acts, 402, note; Pennsylvania
defies the, Gideon Olmsted case,
403-406; State acts declared uncon-
stitutional, 1809-24, 412. note. 413,
note: Virginia denies jurisdiction
of, 414; Kentucky occupying claim-
ant laws, 415; bill to restrict power
of, over State laws, 416; Bank of
Kentucky case, 416: opposition
against, in Kentucky, 416, 417; de-
nial of jurisdiction of, frequent,
418.

Courts. Circuit. Opinion of, uncon-
stitutional act. 401, 40°.

Courts. The old court and the new

court struggle in Kentucky, 162-
166.

Crary, John. Antimasonic candidate,
120.

Crawford, William H. Nominated

for President, 60; by caucus, 64;
support in various States, 66, 68;
in New York, 70-73; electoral vote
for, 75, 76; vote in House of Repre-
sentatives for, 81.

Creeks. Trouble with Georgia over
their lands, 178-183, 539, 540.
Criticism. British, on the United
States, 307–342.

Cuba. America fears transfer to
Great Britain, 434-436; Adams's
letter to our Minister at Madrid,
435, 436; fear of South American
intervention in, 434, 436, 437; Clay's
attempt to mediate, 437; letter to
our Minister at Madrid, 437; Ad-
ministration announces our attitude
relative to Cuba, to Europe, 437-
440; French fleet appears off Cuba,
439; Clay protests to France, 440;
liberation of slaves of, proposed,
443; opposition of pro-slavery party,
445, 449.

Cushing, William.

Declares act of

Parliament null, 395.

Congress for aid in behalf of rail-
road, 138-139.

Debates. On the tariff of 1824, 233-
239; on Panama mission, 441-459;
on Oregon, 480-483.

Debt. Imprisonment for, 381.
Delaware. Free negro in, 185; on
colonization, 204; fugitive slave
law, 218; schools in, legislation, 357.
De Monts, 464.

Denmark, 13.

Dennie, Joseph, 276.

Depression, Industrial, 235, 238-241,
246-247.

Dickerson, Senator, from New Jersey.
Views on Oregon country, 24.
Diplomatic correspondence of the
Revolution, 305.

Disunion, Threats of. By South, 234;
speech of James Hamilton, 244;
speech of Dr. Thomas Cooper, 248,
249; report of Legislature of North
Carolina, 251, 252; address of a
South Carolina anti-tariff meeting,
256; a Georgia paper's suggestion,
257, 258; letter in Charleston Mer-
cury, 259; speech of Governor of
South Carolina against, 259, 260;
union sentiment, 260; disunion sen-
timent, 261: Josiah Quincy's
speech, 409-411.

64

Drake's Culprit Fay," 301.
Drayton, William. Opposition to
protective tariff, 243.

Dress. Reform in, at New Har-
mony, 95.

Dryden, John. Works reprinted, 280.
Duane, James, 282, note.

Duane, William. Editor of the Au-
rora, 523.

Dudley Island, 467.

Duel. The Clay-Randolph, 500.
Duelling. Virginia constitution rela-
tive to, 393.

Duffield, Rev. Dr., and first Ameri-
can Bible in English, 281-283.
Dutch manors, 383.

Duty on wool, 242, note.
Dwight, Timothy. Poems, 284; reply
to British criticism, 312, 313.

Eaton, J. H. Appointed Secretary
of War, 520.

Edinburgh Review. Sydney Smith's
criticism of the United States, 317-
319; reply to Walsh, 328-331.
Editors. Appointment of, to office,
523, 530-531.

Education. English view of, in the
United States, 323-325.

Education, Free. Demand of work-
ing-men for, 100, 101, 104; condi-
tion of, in 1825, 343; in Massachu-
setts, 343-348; in Connecticut, 348--
351; School Fund, 349-351; in Rhode
Island, 351-352; in New York, 352-
356; in New Jersey, 356-357; in
Delaware, 357; in Pennsylvania,
357-362; in Maryland, 362–363; con-
gressional aid to 363-364; Mary-
land's plea for, 364-366; in Vir-
ginia, 366; in North Carolina, 366–
368; in South Carolina, 368; in the
Northwest, 369-372.

Election, Presidential. Of 1796 and
1800, 423, 424; of 1824, 65-81; of
1828, 489-520.

Electoral system, Presidential. Work
of convention, 419-421; in practice,
423, 424; twelfth amendment, 424.
Electors of President. How chosen
in Connecticut, 65, 66; in New Jer-
sey, 66; in Ohio, 66-69; in New
York, 70; in Pennsylvania, 67; in
North Carolina, 68; in Mississippi,
68; in Ohio, 69; in Alabama, 69;
in Virginia, 69; in Pennsylvania,
69; in New York, 70-73. See table,
75; campaign, 1828, 513-514.
Emancipator, The, 209.

Embargo. Opposition to the, 411.
Embree, Elihu, 209, 210.

Emigrants. Landing at New York
city, 124.

Emigration. English discouragement
of, 321, 323, 324.
English literature.

America, 286-290.

Influence of, on

Europe. Our relations with, Wash-
ington on, 29; Jefferson on, 30; anti-
democratic movement in Austria,
Naples, Spain, 33-34; Napoleon re-
turns from Elba, 34; liberalism in
Germany, 35-36; Congress of Aix,
35-36; Spanish revolution, 37-38;
in Naples, 38-39; in Portugal, 39;
Congress of Troppau, 39; of Lay-
bach, 39.

Everett, Alexander H. Minister to
Madrid, 437; instructions to, 435-
437.

Everett, E. Reply to British criti-
cism, 335-337.

Executive, Federal. Council pro-
posed in Federal Convention, 418,
419; single executive adopted, 419;

method of election, 420, 421, 424,
425; veto power, 421; the evolution
of, under Washington, 422, 423;
speech or message, 422, 424; Cabi-
net, 422, 425; term of, debate in
convention, 425-427; no third term
tradition established, 427, 428.
Exports. To Great Britain, during
and since the war, 246, 247; of the
South, 264, 265.

Exposition. The South Carolina,

263-266.

Ewing, Thomas. Delegate to Har-
risburg Convention, 250.

Faux, W. "Memorable Days In
America," 338, 339.

Fearon's Narrative of a Journey,"
319-321; picture of New York, 319;
Boston and Philadelphia, 320; the
Ohio Valley, 320, 321.

Federal Government. Nature of, re-
port of Senate of South Carolina,
252, 253; Alabama on powers of,
253, 254.

Ferdinand VII of Naples, 33, 38-40.
Ferdinand VII. Undoes the work of
the revolution in Spain, 33; grants
constitution, 38.
"Fifty-four-forty." The line estab-
lished, 22.

Fire départment.

125.

New York city,

Flax. Harrisburg Convention rec-
ommends increased tariff on, 251.
Florida. Jackson Governor of, 1;
powers of Governor, 2.
Fool, The. Comic paper, 275.
Force Act. Resistance to, in New
England, 406–408.

Ford, Ebenezer. Elected to New
York Assembly by Working-men's
party, 102-103.

Forward, Walter, Representative.
Delegate to Harrisburg Conventioh,
250.
France. The slave-trade, 13; the
quadruple treaty, 32; Napoleon re-
turns from Elba, 34; invades Spain,
43-44; French fleet appears off
Cuba, 439; Mexico's fear, 439, 440;
the United States protests, 440.
Francis. Emperor of Austria, 31, 39,
40.

Franklin College. Students of, boy-
cott northern goods, 259.
Franklin, Benjamin. Temple Frank-
lin's Life of, 293; British suppres-
sion of, charged, 294–296; number
of editions of writings, 296, 297.
Frederick Island, 467.
Free colored population.

Congress to aid, 252.

Power of

Free Enquirers. Robert Owen, 88-
89. Buys New Harmony, 89-90;
the New Harmony movement, 90-
97: Francis Wright, 97-98; Nashoba
and New Harmony Gazette, 98;
Free Enquirer founded, 99; takes
up the cause of the working-man,
99, 103-105.

Free press. Newspapers, 105, 106.
French influence. On America, 279,

280; newspapers, 280.
Freight. Cost of moving, 83.
Freneau, Philip, 284.

Friend of Equal Rights. Labor news-
paper, 106.

563

Friends, The. Antislavery efforts,
209, 212, 214.

Frontier. Life on the Western, 152-
160.

Fugitive slaves. The law of 1793,
215; encourages kidnapping,_215-
216; attempts to amend, 216; Penn-
sylvania law, 216-217; rescue cases
in Pennsylvania, 217; Maryland
complains, 21; Delaware and Penn-
sylvania change their laws, 218;
fugitives and free negroes in Dis-
trict of Columbia, 219–226.
Funday, Bay of, 464, 467, 470-471.
Fur, The, trade, 19.

Gallatin, Albert. On European inter-
vention in Spanish affairs, 44, note;
nominated for Vice-President, 64;
withdraws, 69-70; on Oregon
boundary, 477-478.

Garrison, William Lloyd. Sketch of,
210; meets Lundy, 210-211.

Gas.

Introduction of, in Philadel-
phia, 126-128; in Boston, New
York, and Baltimore, 127.
Genius of Universal Emancipation,
209, 210.

Georgia. United States to extinguish
Indian title to lands, 175; amount
bought, 175; complaint of Georgia,
175-176; report of Congressional
Committee, 176; negotiations with
Indians, 176-177; answer of Chero-
kees, 177; Indian delegation visits
Washington, 177; Governor of Geor-
gia and the Cherokees, 177-178;
Monroe's view, 178; the Creeks re-
fuse to sell, 178; meeting at Pole-
cat Springs, 178; treaty of Indian
Springs, 179; signers of the treaty
killed, 179–180; Gaines sent, 180;
Troup on the treaty, 180-181; a new
treaty made, 181; the Legislature
on Indian rights, 181-183; adds
Cherokee country to her counties,
183; resolutions of, on tariff, 253;
reply of New Jersey, 254; Milledge-
ville paper suggests disunion, 257;
opposition to tariff by people of,
262; protest against tariff of 1828,
267; schools in, early legislation,
369; Legislature and the courts,
399, 400; opposition to suits against
States, 402; State rights manifesto,
413; Indian controversy and Jack-
son's policy, 537-540.
Gordon's "Rise, Progress, and Es-
tablishment of the Independence of
the United States," 284.

Governor, Powers of. In early State
constitutions, 377, 378; increase in,
380. note.

to

Government. City of New York, 124-
126: of Philadelphia, 126.
Grand Menan Island, 467.
Granger, Francis. Delegate to Har-
risburg Convention. 250; nominated
for Governor, 108, 120.
Great Britain. Efforts to abolish
slave-trade, 13-15: proposal
United States regarding slave-
trade, 15; action of United States
with. 15-18: Oregon dispute with,
22-23; attitude toward South Amer-
ican Republics. 43: Canning on Eu-
ropean intervention. 44: reply of
Rush, 44; reception of Monroe Doc-

trine in, 47-50; negotiations with
Northeast boundary, 464-477; occu-
pation of Oregon, 477-479; commer-
cial war with British colonies, 483-
487; rumored tariff policy of Jack-
son with, 555, 556.
Green, Duff. Appointed public prin-
ter, 523.

Guerrero, President, 12; elected by
Congress, 541; attempt to abolish
slavery in Texas, 548, note, 549;
requests recall of Minister Poinsett,
549; Van Buren charges prejudice
of, against the United States, 551.
Gutierres. Heads rebellion in Mex-
ico, 4.

"Half-faced camp," 152.

Halifax made a free port, 485.
Halleck, Fitz Greene, 301.
Hamilton, James. Argument against
a protective tariff, 1824, 234; speech
in Charleston against a New Eng-
land tariff, 1827, 244.

Hamilton, Alexander. The Federal-
ist, cited by Calhoun, 266.
Hancock, John, 465-466.
Harmony. Built by Rappites in
Pennsylvania, 89; Harmony in In-
diana, 89-90; bought by Owen and
named New Harmony, 90.
Harris, W. T. Tour through the
United States, 337.

Harrisburg, Pa. Political convention,
67; Canal Convention, 142.
Harrisburg Convention. Call for,
246, 247; response to the call, 247,
249; membership of, 249, 250; ad-
dress and memorial of, 250, 251;
resolutions of Alabama on, 253.
Harrison, W. H. Removed from of-
fice by Jackson, 528.
Hawley, Gideon. New York Superin-
tendent of Education, 356.
Hayne, Robert Y. Opposition to pro-
tective tariff, 243, 244; opposition to
the Panama Congress, explanation
of Monroe Doctrine, 444; opposition
to antislavery programme of Pan-
ama Congress, 445-447.
Hayti. The recognition of the inde-
pendence of, proposed, 441; pro-
slavery party opposition to, 446,
448, 449.

Hemp. Harrisburg Convention rec-
ommends increased tariff on, 251.
Henry, Patrick, 400.

Hidalgo, Don Miguel. Leads Mexi-
can rebellion. 3; executed, 4.
"Highlands, the.' What are, in
Maine? 465, 467-476.
Hillhouse, James. Commission
Connecticut school fund, 350.
History. Works of, 306.

of

Hoboken. Circular railroad at, 143-
144.

Holmes vs. Walton. The New Jersey
precedent, 395, 396.

Horses. Boycott on Kentucky, 257,
259, 262.

Hudson river. Steam navigation on,
130-131.

Humbert, Jonas. Labor candidate,
108.

Humboldt, Alexander von, 18.

Illinois. Wildest banking, 160-161:
stay laws, 161-162; on graded land

system, 174, 175; free negro In,
187-188; the contract system, 188;
struggle for slavery in, 188-191;
schools in, taxation for, resisted, 371.
Imports. Of the South, 228, 242; of
woollen goods from Great Britain
after 1824, 240; from Great Britain,
246, 247; duty on, paid by the
South, 265.

Inauguration. Of Jackson, 523–525.
Inchiquin's letters, 309–311.

Independence of Spanish-American
colonies. Recognition of, by United
States, 41, note, 42.

Indiana. On the graded land system,
174, 175; free negro in, 186-187;
schools in, neglect of primary, 371.
Indians. Trouble in Georgia over
Creek and Cherokee lands, 175-183;
Cherokees complaint against Geor-
gia, 537; reply of the Jackson Ad-
ministration, 537-539; policy of re-
moval, 539, 540.

Industrial conditions. Of the South,
227, 228, 242, 243; of the North,
229, 230.

"Infidel ticket," 102.
Ingersoll, Charles J. Inchiquin's
Jesult's Letters," 310; delegate to
Harrisburg Convention, 250.
Ingham, S. D. Appointed Secretary
of the Treasury, 520; letter on re-
movals from office, 529–530.
Instructions to Ministers. To Nel-
son, 435, 436; to Everett, 437; to
Middleton, 437-439; to Poinsett,
439-440; to Brown, 440.
Internal improvements. Canals, 132-
143; railroads, 138-147; Monroe on,
147; action of Congress, 147-148;
Calhoun's report, 148; House bill
for canals and roads, 148-149; na-
tional road, 149; veto message of
Monroe, 149: Maryland asks consti-
tutional amendment, 149–150; South
Carolina on powers of Congress
over, 252: resolutions in Legisla-
ture on, 263.

"Interposition." "South Carolina
Exposition on, 266.

Intervention. Canning to Rush on
European, 44: Gallatin on, 44, note;
Monroe on, 46.

Iredell, Justice, 401.

Iron. Bar iron and steel, increase in
tariff recommended by Harrisburg
Convention, 251.

Irving, Washington. American liter-
ature begins with, 268: early life.
290, 291: publishes "Salmagundi,
291; Knickerbocker "History of
New York." 291, 292: editor of Ana-
lectic Magazine, 292; publishes
"The Sketch Book " and other
writings. 293.

Islands off Maine coast, 466 467.
Iturbide. Augustine. Sent against
the rebels, 9: his plan of Iguala, 9:
declared Emperor. 10; dismisses
Congress, 11; abdicates, 12.

Jackson, Andrew. Governor of Flor-
ida, 1 receives the territory from
the Spaniards, 2; nominated for
President. 57; indorsed, 58, 59, 67,
68, 69, 73: popular and electoral
vote for. 75, 76; animosity of Clay,
77; election in the House of Repre-