Are Genes Jewish?: Conceptual Ambiguities in the New Genetic Age

according Ambiguities American American Jewish American Journal ancestors Anthropology argues Ashkenazi Ashkenazi Jews authority Belin bioethicist biological born child Chromosomes claims conceived concept concern connect contemporary created David debates descent designated determines developed donor eggs Duke University East eggs donated election embraced endowed essentialized ethnicity evidence fact finding Frankel Center Genetic Age genetic diseases genetic material genetic mutations genetic researchers genetic screening genetic tests geographic groups haplotype historical identified individual infertile Israel Israeli Jewish communities Jewish genes Jewish identity Jewish populations Jewish woman Jews Kahn kind Kohen Kuki Lemba live male marital Medical Genetics Middle Eastern Nature non-Jewish notion organized origins political population geneticists population genetics possible prevalent promises prove questions rabbinic recent reproductive technologies scientific social status studies suggest tests thinking tion trace tradition tribes United University of Michigan unmarried various women York young