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II. What means should be employed under public health administration to prevent the spread of tuberculosis?

12. Mention three diseases induced by industrial pursuits. Explain how these diseases are caused.

13. Discuss the immunizing power of vaccination. State the possible dangers of vaccination.

14. What influences or conditions probably tend to make cerebrospinal meningitis epidemic? Mention prophylactic measures and describe the supposed causative germ.

15. Mention the various kinds of baths employed in health and in disease, and state the general hygienic rules to be observed in their use.

CHEMISTRY.

Wednesday, October 2, 1907-1:15 to 4:15 p. m., only.

I.

Define element, ion, specific gravity, reaction, anhydrid.

2. Give the chemical reaction of (a) saliva, (b) gastric juice, (c) urine, (d) mother's milk, (e) synovial fluid.

3. Give the laboratory preparation of O, of CO2 and of H2S. Give the properties of one of the products mentioned.

4. What is the chemical name of (a) common table salt, (b) soot, (c) vinegar, (d) blue vitriol, (e) Rochelle salt?

5. Give the formula, method of preparation and principal uses of chlorid of lime.

6. Describe a test for biliary acids and their salts.

7. State the changes occurring in the air and in the blood in respiration.

8. Give the formula, uses and properties of hydrogen dioxid.

9.

Give a test for the detection of alum in baking powder.

10. State the source of each of the following acids: (a) hydrochloric, (b) sulfuric, (c) lactic, (d) tannic, (e) tartaric.

11. How may carbolic acid be prepared? Mention a chemical antidote for carbolic acid poisoning.

12. Describe (a) a qualitative test for sugar in the urine, (b) a quantitative test for sugar in the urine.

13. What is the action of a solution of permanganate of potassium used as a disinfectant?

14. Give the names and state the formulas of the different compounds used to produce general anesthesia.

15. Complete the following equation: 2KI+MnO2+2H2SO1 =

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4.

Give the treatment of a compound fracture of the shaft of the tibia.

5. Give the symptoms and the treatment of a forward dislocation of the head of the humerus.

6. Describe the injury received by the various tissues in a severe sprain of the ankle, and outline the treatment.

7. What should be the immediate procedure and the subsequent surgical dressing in a case of talipes equinovarus in a new-born infant?

8. Give the surgical treatment of hemorrhage. Describe (a) intravenous saline infusion, (b) hypodermoclysis.

9. Give the symptoms of vesical calculus. Describe a method of proving the presence of a vesical calculus.

10. Describe the preparation necessary for an aseptic laparotomy as regards (a) the patient, (b) the surgeon, (c) the assistants, (d) the instruments, (e) the operating room.

II. Differentiate between fistula and sinus. Describe the surgical treatment of fistula in ano.

12. Mention the most common causes of iritis. Give the symptoms and the surgical treatment of iritis.

13. What conditions render tonsillotomy advisable, and how is the operation performed?

14. When should skin grafting be employed? Describe an approved method of skin grafting.

15. Describe in detail the treatment of a scalp wound when a fractured skull is suspected.

OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY.

Thursday, October 3, 1907-1:15 to 4:15 p. m., only.

1. State the indications for the use of the intrauterine douche and mention the objections to its use.

2. Give the physiologic explanation of fecundation.

3. Describe the permanent changes in the female sexual orgaus following parturition.

4. What are the causes of toxemia of pregnancy? Give the prophylacti management of such a condition.

5. What are the varieties of placenta previa, and how should each variety be managed?

6. Under what conditions does version become imperative? How should version be performed?

7. How is external palpation applied in the diagnosis of the position of the fetus?

8. In the after-coming head, what principles should be applied to secure a living child: How may a lead fetus influence labor?

9. What conditions demand the induction of abortion prior to quickening and what is the technic of the procedure?

IO. Give the prognosis and the treatment of a uterine fibroid complicating pregnancy.

II. State the pathology, symptoms and surgical treatment of endometritis. 12. Differentiate between menorrhagia and metrorrhagia. Give the surgical management of each.

13. Define atresia of the vagina and state the method of relief.

14. Give the etiology and the surgical treatment of erosions of the cervix uteri. 15. Give the causes and the dangers of ophthalmia neonatorum and state the preventive management.

PATHOLOGY AND BACTERIOLOGY.

Friday, October 4, 1907-9:15 a. m. to 12:15 p. m., only.

Pathology.

Group I. I. Describe (a) the syphilitic lesions of the skin, (b) the lesions in lupus.

2. What pathologic changes in lung tissue occur in the various stages of lobar pneumonitis?

3. Describe the changes that occur in the structure of the crystalline lens in cataract.

4. What is leukocytosis and to what conditions may it be due?

5. Describe and illustrate by a drawing or otherwise, the microscopic appearance of an adenoid.

6. Describe the macroscopic and the microscopic appearance of carcinoma of the breast.

7. What pathologic conditions are productive of icterus?

8. Describe the changes that occur in degeneration of muscle.

Bacteriology.

Group II. 9. What are the three basic forms of bacteria? Describe eack form by drawing or otherwise.

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Friday, October 4, 1907-1:15 to 4:15 p. m., only.

1. What vertebræ are directly back of the following points: (a) xiphoid appendix, (b) Ludwig's angle (angulus Ludovici), (c) suprasternal notch?

2. What is the significance of (a) albumin in the urine, (b) casts in the urine?

3. Make a differential diagnosis of the sore throat of diphtheria, scarlatina and acute tonsillitis.

4. What are the symptoms of incipient tuberculosis? With what other conditions may incipient tuberculosis be confounded?

5. Give the normal boundaries of cardiac dullness. What conditions may increase the area of cardiac dullness?

6. Describe the stools in (a) enteritis, (b) dysentery.

7. What is the significance of (a) bronchial breathing, (b) crepitant râles, (c) vesicular breathing?

8. Make a differential diagnosis of gastric ulcer, cancer of the stomach and stenosis of the pyloric end of the stomach.

9. What is the incubation period of (a) rubeola, (b) parotitis, (c) variola, (d) varicella, (e) scarlatina?

10. Describe an attack of hepatic colic due to biliary calculi.

II. Give the topography of the valves of the heart on the chest wall. Where is a mitral obstructive murmur heard loudest?

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BOOK NOTICES.

INTERNATIONAL CLINICS. A Quarterly of Ilustrated Clinical Lectures and Especially Prepared Original Articles on Treatment, Medicine, Surgery, Neurology, Pediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynecology, Orthopedics, Pathology, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, Otology, Rhinology, Laryngology, Hygiene, and Other Topics of Interest to Students and Practitioners. By Leading Members of the Medical Profesison Throughout the World. Edited by W. T. Longcope, M. D., Philadelphia, W. S. A., with the Collaboration of Wm. Osler, M D., John H. Musser, M. D., A. McPhedran, M. D., Frank Billings, M. D., Chas. H. Mayo, M. D., Thos. H Rotch, M D., John G. Clark, M. D., James J. Walsh, M. D., J. W. Ballantyne, M. D., John Harold, M. D.. Richard Kretz, M. D. With regular correspondents in Montreal, London, Paris, Berlin, Vienna, Leipsic, Brussels and Carlsbad. Volume II, Seventeenth Series, 1907. Philadelphia and London: J. B. Lippincott Co.

PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MODERN OTOLOGY. By John F. Barnhill, M. D., Professor of Otology, Laryngology and Rhinology, Indiana University School of Medicine; Otologist and Laryngologist to Deaconess and State College Hospitals, etc., and Ernest de Wolfe Wales, B. S., M. D., Associate Professor of Otology, Laryngology and Rhinology, Indiana University School of Medicine; Former Assistant in Otology, Harvard Medical School; Former Assistant Aural Surgeon, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, etc. With three hundred and five original illustrations, many in colors. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Company, 1907.

These writers have covered the special line of otology in this text-book, which will prove of material assistance to the otologist, as well as to the "occasional" otologist. The authors have borne in mind certain objects in the preparation of the work, and these are: I, to modernize the subject; 2, to correct certain traditional beliefs; 3, to advocate the earliest possible prophylaxis or treatment; 4, to emphasize the importance of a thorough examination and a definite diagnosis as a basis for rational treatment; 5, to illustrate the text.

These five objects are surely accomplished in the work, and we recommend

it to those desirous of reading up or of working in otology.

DISEASES OF THE NOSE AND THROAT. By D. Braden Kyle, M. D., Professor of Laryngology and Rhinology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Fourth Edition, Thoroughly Revised and Enlarged. Octavo volume of seven hundred and twenty-five pages, with two hundred and fifteen illustrations, twenty-eight colors. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Company, 1907. Cloth, $4.00 net; half morocco, $5.50 net.

This fourth edition of Kyle's standard work on diseases of the nose and throat can be conscientiously recommended to the practitioner of medicine as well as to the specialist. The statement of the author in the preface is certainly borne out in the text: “As in the previous editions, it has been the author's aim to take up each subject from a general standpoint, and to consider under diagnosis, pathology and treatment all systemic conditions in their relation to the special diseases of the nose and throat, as the same general fundamental principles involved in general medicine are certainly applicable to any specialty."

This is an admirable book for a student of nose and throat diseases, i. e., a general practitioner who wishes to perfect his technique along these lines.

Among the useful points about this work can be mentioned a chapter called "Taking Cold."

special region are fully described, and The regulation operations in this full literature is given in all instances. THE TREATMENT OF FRACTURES: WITH NOTES UPON A FEW COMMON DISLOCATIONS. By Chas. L. Scudder, M. D., Surgeon to the Massachusetts General Hospital. Sixth Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Octavo volume of six hundred and thirty-five pages, with eight hundred and fifty-four original illustrations. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Company, 1907. Polished buckram, $5.50 net; half morocco, $7.00 net.

This excellent work, now in its sixth edition, is a valuable contribution to the literature of medicine. It is well written and sufficiently illustrated to give a comprehensive idea of the different subjects discussed. The treatment of fractures is certainly deserving of special literature in the shape of text-books, and this text-book of Scudder ought to be considered a classic. The X-ray work

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Another laudable feature of the work is a chapter on "The Employment of Plaster-of-Paris." Full directions are given for the making of plaster-of-paris bandages, as well as directions for their application to fractured bones. The illustrations in this section of the book are very good. Reference is made to the lateral plaster splint made by pouring a plaster-of-paris cream into layers of crinoline and then applying the plaster-crinoline to the limb. This is a very useful procedure.

MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS. A Manual for Students and Practitioners. By Charles Lyman Greene, M. D., Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine in the University of Minnesota; Attending Physician St. Luke's Hospital,

liminary Remarks on Case-Taking and Diagnosis," stamps the author as a man of experience, erudition and common sense. In the first three pages of this book he has expressed more than most writers do in a volume. These remarks on case-making and general survey of the patient are commonly not made by medical writers, but they represent the seed of medical diagnosis. He says, in part, "to make a case history full, accurate, yet concise; to elicit the salient facts and assign to each its proper value and perspective demand; that the observer be full of knowledge, quick of perception and capable of avoiding both the shoals of omission and the rocks of verbosity."

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Playfair McMurrich, A. M., Ph.D., Professor of Anatomy at the University of Toronto, Canada. Quarto of three hundred and forty-two pages, containing two hundred and ninetyseven illustrations, mostly all in colors. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Company, 1907. Cloth, $6.00 net; half morocco, $7.50 net.

This third volume deals with the vascular system, lymphatic system, nervous system and sense organs. The experience of the author in the dissectingroom has led him to depict the peripheral blood-vessels and nerves as the student is accustomed to see them in the cadaver, i. e., the vessels and nerves together in the same region. The arteries and nerves, or the arteries, veins and nerves, or the arteries and veins of the various regions, are shown in the same illustration. The illustrations in color are made from half-tones from original drawings by K. Hajek, the well-known artist and anatomist.

The work is essentially an anatomical atlas for the student and the practitioner, not for the trained anatomist. It is designed to represent a composite picture of the various blood-vessel structures of the human body, and so save the student of anatomy loss of time in looking up points in the ordinary anatomical atlas which is designed for the

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patient, the appearance of the head, the eyelids, the ears, etc.; in short, the "outward" signs of disease. The entire section which is devoted to the anamnesis is certainly commendable.

The use of the X-ray in the examination of the chest is fully considered. He says that while the X-ray is but a part of physical examination, one is surprised to find how often ordinary physical signs have been misleading, or have failed to reveal more than a part of the condition actually existing.

The book throughout teems with valuable thoughts and suggestions, and can well serve either student of medicine or practitioner in helping him to diagnose disease in its many manifestations. ATLAS AND TEXT-BOOK OF HUMAN ANATOMY.

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THE COUGHS FOLLOWING GRIP.

Dr. John McCarty (Louisville Medical College), in giving his personal experience with this condition, writes as follows: "Ten years ago I had the grip severely, and every winter until 1902 my cough was almost intolerable. During January, 1902, I procured a supply of Antikamnia and Codeine Tablets and began taking them for my cough, which had distressed me all winter, and as they gave me prompt relief, I continued taking them with good results. Last fall I again ordered a supply of Antikamnia and Codeine Tablets, and I have taken them regularly all winter, and have coughed but very little. I take one tablet every three or four hours and one on retiring. They not only stop the cough, but make expectoration easy and satisfactory. The best results are obtained by allowing the tablet to dissolve slowly in the mouth before swallowing."

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