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of Leipsic. The journal is printed at the Norwood (Mass.) Press, and the publishers are Messrs. Ginn & Co., of Boston. It ought to have the support of all interested in Germanics. -The Boston "Literary World" publishes a paragraph out of a private letter from R. D. Blackmore, in which the author of "Lorna Doone" says that to Americans the English language owes nearly all its new expressions : "There does not seem to be left in us the power to hit out a new spark of language. We are like a lot of boys with their hands in their pockets, looking on at the blacksmith, and racing for his red chips."

-The London journals are recalling the story of the visitor to Wessex who inquired of an old man if he knew Thomas Hardy, and received the following "delicious bit of depreciation" in answer: "Oh, the writen' chap! I've read some of his works. They say 'tis a gift. Seems to me 'tis just writen'-just sitten' down an' writen', an' not doen' nothen' at arl. What do 'e do? I ask 'e. Here be I doen' more proper work than Hardy ever did, an' they don't tark about I, an' say 'There's a great chap,' like they do about 'e." -The San Francisco " Argonaut" tells of the downfall of a would-be wit who once tried to entrap James T. Fields at a dinner party. Before Mr. Fields's arrival one of the gentlemen informed the other guests that he had written some lines which he intended to submit to Mr. Fields as Southey's, and to ask in which of that author's works they could be found. This programme was carried out. "I do not remember to have met with them before," replied the publisher, "and there were only two periods in Southey's life when such things could possibly have been written by him." "When were those?" "Somewhere," said Mr. Fields, "about that early period of his existence when he was having measles or cutting his first teeth, or near the close of his life when his brain was softened. The versification belongs to the measles period, but the ideas betray he idiotic one."

-An anonymous writer in "The Progressive Review" tells some interesting anecdotes of Walt Whitman He writes especially of a talk with the Autocrat, who said: "Oh! Whitman? well, well, well, Whitman is all very well-he has capacity, but it won't do-it won't do. I tell you what, it's something like this: you know skillful cooks say that the faintest odor, the merest whiff of asafoetida will give a piquant flavor to a dish-and I can believe that; but to drench it in asafoetida, no, that won't do. Now," he continued, "the other day Lowell and Longfellow and I were chatting together, and the subject of Whitman turned up. Said Lowell: 'I can't think why there is all this stir about Whitman; I have read a good deal of his poetry, but I can't see any. thing in it-I can't see anything in it.' 'Well,' said Longfellow, I believe the man might have

done something if he had only had a decent training and education.""

Books Received

For week ending April 16

EDWARD ARNOLD, NEW YORK Bottome, Margaret. A Sunshine Trip. $1.

THE CENTURY CO., NEW YORK
Barr, Mrs. Amelia E. Prisoners of Conscience. $1.50.
Gilder, Richard Watson. "For the Country." $1.
Skinner, Charles M. Nature in a City Yard. sI.
Parkhurst, Charles H. Talks to Young Women. $1.
Parkhurst, Charles H. Talks to Young Men. $1.
Van Rensselaer, Mrs. Schuyler. One Man Who Was
Content. $1.

Dole, Edmund P. The Stand-By. $1.25.
DODD, MEAD & CO., NEW YORK

Harraden, Beatrice. Hilda Strafford. $1.25.
The House of Dreams. $1.25.

Pemberton, Max. Christine of the Hills. $1.25.

The Literary Year-Book for 1897. Edited by F. G. Aflalo. $1.25.

$1.50.

"Alien." In Golden Shackles. $1.25. Gosse, Edmund. Seventeenth Century Studies Ford, Paul Leicester. The Great K. & A. Train Robbery. $1.25.

FLEMING H. REVELL CO., NEW YORK Hillis, Newell Dwight. Foretokens of Immortality. 75 cts.

E. P. DUTTON & CO., NEW YORK Abbott. Evelyn, and Lewis Campbell. The Life and Letters of Benjamin Jowett, M.A. 2 Vols. $10. THE ESKDALE PRESS, NEW YORK Tait, J. Selwin. The Bravest of Them All. $1.

GINN & CO., BOSTON

Augier, Émile. La Pierre de Touche. Edited by G. M. Harrer.

HARPER & BROS., NEW YORK Alling-Aber, Mary R. An Experiment in Education. Pain, Amelia (Mrs. Barry Pain). Saint Eva. $1.25. Howells, W. D. The Landlord at Lion's Head. $1.75. Twain, Mark. How to Tell a Story and Other Essays. $1.50.

D. C. HEATH & CO., BOSTON

Carlyle, Thomas. Essay on Burns. Edited by A. J. George.

HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO., BOSTON Whitney, A. D. T. The Open Mysterv. $1.25. John Hopkins Morison. A Memoir. $1.50. Brown, Alice. The Day of His Youth. $1.

LAMSON, WOLFFE & CO., BOSTON Harrison, Mrs. Burton. The Merry Maid of Arcady, His Lordship, and Other Stories. $1.50.

LITTLE, BROWN & CO., BOSTON Mahan, Captain A. T. The Life of Nelson. 2 Vols. $8. Montaigne, Michael, Lord of. Essayes. Translated by John Florio. 50 cts.

THE MACMILLAN CO., NEW YORK

Malory, Sir Thomas. Le Morte Darthur. (Part II)

50 cts.

D. H. M'BRIDE & CO., CHICAGO Ireland, John. The Church and Modern Society. NATIONAL PUBLISHING CO., PHILADELPHIA The Self-Pronouncing S. S. Teachers' Combination Bible.

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, NEW YORK Workman, Fanny B., and W. H. Workman. Sketches Awheel in Modern Iberia. $2.

Watts, William C. Chronicles of a Kentucky Settlement. $2.

Jönsson-Rose, N. Lawns and Gardens. $3.50.
R. H. RUSSELL, NEW YORK
Davis, Richard Harding. uoa in War Time. Illus-
trated by Frederic Remington. $1.25.

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK
Smyth, Newman. The Place of Death in Evolution.
$1.25.
Spofford, Harriet Prescott. An Inheritance. 75 cts.
Life's Comedy. (First Series.) $1.50.

S. B. SHAW, GRAND RAPIDS

Shaw, Rev. S. B. God s Financial Plan. 35 cts.
HERBERT S. STONE & CO., CHICAGO
Hichens, Robert. Flames. $1.50.
Moore, F. Frankfort. The Jessamy Bride.

FREDERICK WARNE & CO., NEW YORK

Hume, Fergus. Tracked by a Tattoo.

many of the "master-minds of science, philosophy, and theology." Naturally, his countrymen were roused to a good deal of enthusiasm, and planned to give him a hearty welcome on his return. It may be said, by the way, that we have never heard of a single person of eminence or special intelligence in this country being converted to the Hindu philosophy by Swami Vivekananda, or any one else. He has been listened to with much interest, and many have been glad to study what he has had to teach them. That is all the truth there is in that report. On his return, however, he was welcomed as a hero. The Swami has not expounded in England and America pure Hinduism, but a teaching peculiar to himself. The following is condensed from the " Madras Mail," and gives a very good idea of his beliefs:

Every nation has some department in which it excels. The strength of the Indian people is their intense religiousness. In other countries religion is a minor thing a mere ornament of life, overshadowed by their commerce or their politics. To the Hindu it is the whole of life. His leaders have never been generals or kings, but sages. India will never compete with European nations in politics, but its contribution to the sum total of human knowledge is a spiritual philosophy. India may freely learn from the West in material things, but in the things of the spirit India must be the teacher of the world.

There are two elements in Hindu literature-one consisting of eternal truth, and the other of ever-changing rites and customs and social institutions. The India of to-day is in bondage to these latter. It must cast off the bonds and get back to the original and eternal spiritual philosophy-that is, to the doctrine of the Vedanta, which, it is maintained, will supply the only philosophic basis for ethical and moral codes.

The strength of Hinduism as compared with Christianity and other faiths consists in the fact that it is independent of any historic persons. Christianity must stand or fall with Jesus Christ, and Islam with Mohammed, but Hinduism rests solely on spiritual truth.

The Swami attributes all that he knows to his master Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (an illiterate but remarkable Brahman devotee who lived near Calcutta a few years ago, and of whom Professor Max Müller recently wrote an account in the "Nineteenth Century"). "As the Lord," says Vivekananda," has incarnated himself in time past in Rama, Krishna, Buddha, and others, so for the present age he has incarnated himself in Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, who is worshiped to-day by thousands of men in America and Europe, because his teachings are just the teachings which modern circumstances require. The modern world must bcw and sit at the feet of Sri Ramakrishna."

Missionaries to the Latin Quarter in Paris

The free and careless side of life in the so-called Latin Quarter has been so clearly portrayed in recent fiction that anything regarding student life in Paris is of interest. In the current number of "The Open Church" the Rev. W. M. Paden, D.D., tells of the religious work begun there by the Rev. Charles Wood, D.D., during his few months' service in the American Chapel. Dr. Wood was much interested in and had intense sympathy for these young men, and realized their perils and temptations, and the meager opportunities which there existed for strengthening even a nature inclined toward religion. Finding that the students

would not come over the river to hear him, he went to them. A series of Sunday evening meetings was inaugurated in the atelier of one of the larger schools. There, amidst the surroundings of an artist's workshop-some seated on stools and some on rough chairs-a large company of students meet every Sunday night to listen to an unconventional service. One student presides at the piano; a half-dozen others with various instruments form an orchestra to lead in the singing of the hymns. After the Scriptures have been read a programme of vocal and instrumental musicthe best they can obtain in Paris-is listened to. The leader then talks to the students for twentyfive or thirty minutes, usually on some theme of special interest to them. These Sunday evening meetings have been very largely attended, and have become a wholesome place of rendezvous for the students. "They give the Christian students an opportunity to show their Christian sympathies, and bring them into closer touch with each other. They keep the ideals of Anglo-Saxon morality before the colony. They are of immeasurable encouragement to well-doers, and keep the fire burning under the consciences of many who are not doing so well. In individual cases men who have drifted far have been won back to Christian allegiance. Some have been enlisted in a weeknight service for prayer and conference, and many have been brought into helpful relations with the churches across the river. The sick are visited, the despondent are counseled and encouraged, and, above all, the essentials of ethical conduct and Christian faith are discussed with the stu dents almost daily in the frankest and most personal way for the art student, instead of resenting such conversation, invites it and likes it." This work, which has been so well begun, we believe is being carried on by the Rev. John R. Paxton, D.D., late of the West Presbyterian Church in New York.

An Incident

On Sunday of last week the Rev. John W. Chadwick, of Brooklyn, found himself suffering. from a severe cold. His voice grew more and more husky as he proceeded, and at length, after struggling with the impediment unsuccessfully, he stopped in the middle of his discourse and said: "I shall be obliged to ask Mrs. Chadwick to finish my sermon for me." As she came up into the pulpit he pointed out the place in his manuscript which he had reached, and, turning to his congregation, explained, "My wife has not read the manuscript, but I think she can get along with it." She gracefully completed the discourse in a clear, firm voice, notwithstanding the sudden emergency and the unusual position; after which her husband came back into the pulpit to conclude the services of the morning, saying as he did so, "A friend in need is a wife indeed "-a felicitous benediction to which the congregation must have wished to say "Amen."

Infamous-if True

To the Editors of The Outlook:

The "Volunteers' Gazette" of April 3-by the way, an able, wide-awake paper-makes the following statement, which, if authentic, calls for more than a passing comment. I quote:

"The North and West' tells how, at a recent meeting of the Liquor League of Ohio, one of the officers delivered an address in which he gave utterance to the following remarkable language. He said:

"The success of our business is dependent largely upon the creation of appetite for drink. Men who drink liquor, like others, will die, and if there is no new appetite created our counters will be empty, as will be our coffers. After men are grown and their habits are formed, they rarely ever change in this regard. It will be needfu', therefore, that missionary work be done among the boys; and I make the suggestion, gentlemen, that nickels expended in treats to the boys now will return in dollars to your tills after the appetite has been formed! Above all things create appetite!'"

It seems scarcely possible that even in a nominally Christian land such diabolical sentiment and purpose can be allowed to exist. I wish to ask through the pages of your widely read paper if it be the case. I would also like to ask, if this is true, what do the heads of our Christian homes expect to do about it? How do they intend to protect the children of the land?

A MOTHER OF SONS. [If correctly reported, the speech above described is a disclosure of the sin of the liquorselling business which stands in no need of comment. THE EDITORS.]

The Original Emancipation Proclamation To the Editors of The Outlook:

In

your issue of April 3, General J. G. Wilson, in his valuable and delightful paper on "Gran.'s Historic Utterances," at p. 890, uses these words: "Since the loss by fire of Lincoln's original Emancipation Proclamation." He undoubtedly refers to the loss of the manuscript of the January, 1863, proclamation in the Chicago fire. The original draft of the September, 1862, proclamation, in the handwriting of President Lincoln, with added pencilings by Secretary W. H. Seward, now hangs on the wall of the New York State Library in Albany, and is open to public inspection. Two papers are added to it-one an autograph letter from F. W. Seward, Assistant Secretary of State, dated January 4, 1864, testifying to the genuineness of the paper, and adding that it was sent to Albany with the consent of Presi

dent Lincoln. The other paper gives the history of the paper in these words: "This original and only draft of the first Emancipation Proclamation was presented to the Albany Army Relief Bazaar in February, 1864, and brought the sum of $1,100 to its funds. It became the proper y of Gerrit Smith, who presented it to the United States Sanitary Commission in 1865. It was purchased of the Commission by vote of the Legislature for $1,000, and ordered deposited in the State Library." W. R. EASTMAN.

State Library, Albany, N. Y.

Sugar and the Tariff

To the Editors of The Outlook:

Your very intelligent and discriminating revi w of my book on our promising domestic sugar industry intimates that its development requires "very high incirect taxcs." On the contrary, a duty of 1 to 12 cents per pound upon imported law sugar would be sufficient-a material reduction from the tariff of 1883-with a countervailing duty to offset European export bounties. This is the rate fixed by the Dingley Bill. Contrast it with the duties imposed upon sugar by every European country (except Great Britain) of 4 to 9 cents per pound, averaging 4.86 cents per pound duty on raw sugar now levied by eight European nations. (See p. 11, " Sugar.") To this they add direct subsidies and export bounties to sugar-producers aggregating $25,000,000 a year.

Make Hawaiian sugar pay the same duty as that from other" reciprocity" countries, as you so justly urge, and the new duties proposed, though less than one-third the average European rate, will enable over $200,000,000 of capital to be lucratively employed in operating the upward of 1,000 large sugar-mills required to supply the American market with $100,000,000 worth of sugar annually made from beets and cane grown by American farmers. This is a very moderate "indirect tax" to supply needed revenue for the time being, and to create the only industry of enormous proportions that off rs American agriculture a home market for nearly 2,000,000 acres of a new and profitable crop. Sugar is the best. simplest, and most practical proposition yet advanced for helping to relieve agricultural depression. And we shall never have prosperity in America until the farmer is again prosperous. HERBERT MYRICK. Editor "American Agriculturist."

The energy which some people waste in denouncing their luck would almost enable them to succeed in spite of it.- Puck.

Notes and Queries

NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS.-It is seldom possible to answer any inquiry in the next issue after its receipt. Those who find expected answers late in coming will, we hope, bear in mind the impediments arising from the constant pressure of many subjects upon our limited space. Communications should always bear the writer's name and address.

"R.'s" inquiry, April 10, for a form of morning and evening prayer suitable for a child of three has brought more communications than we have space for. Thanking all the writers, we select the following:

Morning.

Now I awake and see the light,

'Tis God who kept me through the night;
To him I lift my voice and pray
That He will keep me through the day.
If I should die before 'tis done,
O God, accept me through thy Son.

Father, we thank thee for the night,
And for the pleasant morning light,
For rest and food and loving care,
And all that makes the day so fair.
Help us to do the things we should,
To be to others kind and good,
In all we do, in work or play,
To grow more loving every day.

Evening.

Jesus, tender Shepherd, hear me,

Bless thy little lamb to-night.
Through the darkness be thou near me,
Watch my sleep till morning light.

All this day thy hand has led me,

And I thank thee for thy care;
Thou hast clothed me, warmed and fed me;
Listen to my evening prayer.

Let my sins be all forgiven,

Bless the friends I love so well;
Take me when I die to heaven,
Happy there with thee to dwell.

Morning or Evening.

Jesus, bless thy little child,

Make me gentle, pure, and mild;
Let angels guard me day and night,
Teach me to know and love the right;
Let my sins be all forgiven,

And fit me for a home in heaven.

Amen.

"A. D." sends the criticism that in the usual version of the familiar cradle prayer, "Now I lay me," etc., the phrase, "I pray the Lord," should be amended to "I pray Thee, Lord," so as to be really an invocation rather than a declaration.

Are you not wrong in saying, on page 762, that President Lincoln belonged to no denomination? My reading of his life years ago, I am sure, gave me a different impression. One of his early biographers, I think, presented him as an unbeliever. He was a member of an infidel club in his early days, but was converted to Christianity by Butler's Analogy, or McIlvaine's Evidences of Christianity, and was a student of the Bible certainly during his Presidency. I distinctly remember, when comment was made in some papers at the time of his assassination that he was not a Christian because he was at the theater on Good Friday, that a leading clergyman of the Presbyterian Church in Washington stated in a letter, published at the time, that it was Mr. Lincoln's intention, declared to him, to make a public profession of faith in his church in the then near future.

Can all this be substantiated? The writer was on the other side from Mr. Lincoln during the war, but, with all his difference with the position of the President politically, has not been able to divest his mind of the firm belief that Mr. Lincoln was a sincere believer in the religion of the Saviour, whose purity of life was surely reflected in the life of Mr. Lincoln. H.

Our statement was strictly correct. It is equally certain that Mr. Lincoln was a Christian man. He was one of those whom Dr. Bushnell denominated "the outside saints," who belong to the invisible church, but not to the visible.

Will you please tell us how the Chinese, Japanese, and Mohammedan countries mark their time, in distinction from our Christian era? J. E. W.

The Chinese for more than 2,000 years have dated events from the year of the accession of the emperor reigning at the time. For general chronology their system is a complicated mode of reckoning by yearly, monthly, and daily cycles of 60. If 1864 is the first year of a cycle, 1873 will be the tenth year, etc. Each year, month, and day has its own name in its cycle, and by compounding these names the year, month, and day are expressed in a single word. The epoch of the first cycle is 2397 B C., corrected in Chinese usage to 2277 B C. In Japan, the European or Gregorian calendar was introduced in 1872. Japanese historians date their ancient history from the accession of the Emperor Jimmu, 660 B.C. The era in use among Mohammedans is that of the Hegira, the flight of Mohammed from Mecca, A.D. 622.

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1. The Septuagint translation into Greek, begun about 280 B.C., includes all our canonical books, together with the apocryphal. 2. The canon stood as now in the first century before Christ, but was not free from controversy as late as 90 A.D., when a Jewish synod pronounced against Ecclesiastes and the Song of So.omon. 3. Yes; his quotations from the Old Testament and those of the Apostles prove this; these quotations, however, being mainly from the Septuagint version. 4. None that we know of.

It is reported that Robert Ingersoll, in one of his recent speeches in New York, said that David starved two wives. Will you please tell me if it is spoken of in the Bible, and where I can find such a statement?

A. E. W.

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The Relief of the Flood Sufferers

By Mary Willis

Catherine, Jack, and Bob were in the big play100m. All the toys were out, and it looked as if a cyclone had visited a toy-shop, and a large portion of its contents had been blown into this big, sunny room.

The children were looking out of the window, but nothing they saw seemed to interest them at all. Catherine exclaimed, two or three times, "See that bird!" but the others did not even look where she pointed, and dear little Catherine flattened her nose against the window-pane, and wished in her little heart that mamma was at home, and that dear Martha did not have a headache.

Suddenly Jack called out, "There's Margery!" and the children stood on tiptoe to watch whe heMargery would come in at the gate, or go down the road to grandma's. "She's coming! She's coming!" the three children exclaimed in one breath. Margery looked up at the window, saw her three cousins, and waved her tam frantic

ally as she came up the path.

The children rushed down stairs so fast they nearly fell over each other. "Mamma has

no, Martha has a head

ache, and mamma's gone to town; we are so lonesome, and have nothing to play." And they hung round Margery as if she had rescued them from an awful doom.

Margery asked no more delightful game than to lead. "Boss" was Jack's name for it, when he was tired of following Margery's lead. To be the one to plan and direct other children was Margery's chief pleasure.

She looked around the big play-room with shining eyes. She was wise enough to see that the first difficulty was that there were too many things about. So she proposed playing house-cleaning. Such beating and brushing and dusting was a new experience to Jumbo, the elephant; the team of horses, Dancer and Prancer, if they thought at all, must have decided that the way to care for horses was entirely unknown in that family. for they were groomed with a brush-broom and dusted off with Catherine's apron. The animals in the Noah's Ark, Noah, Mrs. Noab, and the sons and daughters, were all put to soak in the basin,

while the inside of the ark was flooded and the roof shut down. Catherine was inclined to dis

pute this treatment of her dear, kind Noah, who saved all the animals, but to-day it was follow Margery or she would go home. Catherine consoled herself by lifting Noah's and Mrs. Noah's heads out of the water. The dolls were picked up and shaken, all except Catherine's Li Hung Chang. She saved him by holding him every minute. This debarred her from her full share of house-cleaning, but it saved her darling from Margery's broom. Long before the play-room

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was in order Margery tired of the game, to the joy of Catherine, who quickly rescued the soaking family and animals from the basin. and dried out the ark with her doll's bed-quilt. Bob had stood very close to his dapple-gray horse, named, after the butcher's gray horse," Bill." Bill was about the only thing in the play-room that had not been beaten, shaken, or wiped with a damp cloth by Margery, with Jack's assistance. At last Margery, almost breathless, sat down.

Jack's cart and horse stood on the floor; at once Margery thought of a new game. They would send food to the people whose homes had been destroyed by the Western floods. Barrels were taken from the grocery-store, still damp from the scrubbing Margery had given them. Noah, Mrs. Noah, the sons, and the daughters would in their damp condition represent the flood sufferers, while the animals from the ark could be scattered about. Wa Sin, the new gentleman from China, whom nobody in particular claimed, and Mabel, Catherine's last doll, who had not

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