NEW ORLEANS.-It is well enough, perhaps, to recur occasionally to the city in which we live, and to consider what changes time makes as to growth and prosperity. When Louisiana was ceded to the United States, New Orleans contained only about eight thousand inhabitants. It then had an existence of more than eighty years, for the first settlement was made by BIENVILLE in 1718. Indeed, when it passed from France to Spain, in 1743, it contained but little more than three thousand inhabitants; but from the time of its cession in 1803 to the United States, the city began to increase rapidly in growth and population, until we find it in a little more than half a century embracing a population exceeding 150,000. Such were the influences attending its association and connection with the other cities of our great Republic.

But it was not only in population that our city made progress. Seated, as it was, at the outlet of the Mississippi, it received at its levee all the products of the great and growing west, and its wealth advanced proportionably with its growth of population. The first newspaper published in New Orleans was in 1794, and was called the Moniteur. In 1860 we had ten daily newspapers, besides several periodicals of a literary and commercial character. Among the earliest of our public buildings was the Charity Hospital, originally, if we remember right, endowed by Senor ALMANZAR DE ROXAS, in 1786, and built at an expense of $114,000-a large amount of money in those days. This building was subsequently burned, but it was rebuilt in 1812. Senor ROXAS was a great benefactor to the city. He built the old cathedral, and his remains now lie there covered by a marble tablet, detailing his benefactions and commemorating other of his deeds of kindness and charity. Probably the oldest edifice of note in our city is a building erected for the use of the Ursuline Nuns about the year 1730, known as the Ursuline Convent, subsequently occupied by the Roman Catholic Archbishop. PERIER, who superseded BIENVILLE in 1727, caused to be constructed the first levee in Louisanna, for about a mile in front of the city; and from this small be

ginning we owe all the levees since constructed along the river banks.

It is remarkable to note the increase of exports from about the date of the cession to the United States in 1803. These exports then amounted to about three and a half million dollars; in 1860 to one hundred and eight millions. In 1849 the southern and western produce received in New Orleans amounted to about eighty-two millions of dollars, in 1860 this had increased so as to amount to one hundred and eightyfive millions. The cotton crop received in New Orleans in 1836 was 495,443 bales; in 1853 the number amounted to 1,665,047 bales; and in 1860 the number was increased so as to amount to 2,255,458 balesthis latter amount being one half of the crop produced in the entire cotton states. Such has been the wonderful increase of the city of New Orleana in population and wealth since the destinies of Louisiana were united to the other states of the republic, and it will be noted that in previous years, with all her advantages, she remained for near half a century nearly stationary. It may be remarked, also, in passing, that the banking system in our city was regarded before the war as the safest and best in the Union. We had eleven banks, with an aggregate capital of about eighteen millions of dollars. Our city was at the very acme of her prosperity when the demon of secession invaded the hearts of her citizens, and the changes wrought during these last three. years of wreck and ruin are fearful to note. From being the largest cotton mart of the world, and in receipt of millions of bales, she now esteems herself fortunate if she receive a few thousands of bales. Her commerce has fallen off, for she gave in 1860 at the Custom House 2,235 clearances, with a tonnage of 1,248,526; in fact, she was the second city of the United States in the amount and value of her exports, and no city of the world counted at her wharves so large a number of steamboats.-N. O. Times.

THE PROCK AND GYASCUTUS.-The following is a clipping from a newspaper, and

purports to be a description of "actual and living inhabitants of our own country."The writer does not give his name, which is to be regretted. I have examined "Carver in his Appendix," but have not been fortunate enough to discover any reference to these animals in that work. Possibly I have not the right edition.

"There is a striking similarity between this case and that of one of the animals to which I refer, and which has hitherto been regarded as fabulous, but it is now demonstrated to be, as well as its companion, an actual and living inhabitant of our own country. Most of your readers have, I presume, laughed over the story of the Yankee who advertised for exhibition those extraordinary quadrupeds, the Prock and Gyascutus, but I suspect that very few ever heard of the origin of his description or supposed that it was founded on fact. If I recollect right, the first person who made mention of them, although not by name, was Captain Jonathan Carver, whose voyage to the Rocky Mountains, in 1665, is quoted by Mr. Greenbow, and in whose book the name of Oregon was first given by the river now known as the Columbia.

Carver, in his appendix, describing the various animals inhabiting that region, states that:-"In the country of the Osnobions, (Assinoboins) there is a singular beast, of the bigness of a horse, and having hoofs, whereof two legges on one side are always shorter than the other, by which means it is fitted to graze on the steep slopes of the mountains. It is of amazing swiftness, and to catch it the savages doe head it off, whereby it cannot run, but falls over and is so taken"-And further: "I was also told of one which I did not see. This is like to a bear in size, but covered with a shell as is the tortoise, with many horns along its back. It has great claws and teeth and is exceeding fierce, eating man and beast."

The scientific names, which in the case of the Prock, have been vulgarized, were conferred upon these reported animals by the French naturalists, who imagined them to be American."

AN AMERICAN ADMIRAL IN RUSSIA, (Vol. VII p. 248.)--Allow me to correct some mistakes in your article "An American Admiral in Russia:"

Admiral George Tate of the Russian Navy, was son of George Tate, who was born in England in 1700. George, the father had four sons, all born in England, viz, Samuel, Aug. 3, 1736, William, Nov. 14, 1740, George, June 14, 1745, in London, Robert, January 23, 1751. The father with his family came to Falmouth, now Portland, between 1751 and 1756, as agent for masts and spars for the British Government, and died in Falmouth Aug. 20, 1794. The Tate family in England, was seated at De la Préy abbey in North Hamptonshire. Two brothers were Lord Mayors of London, Sir Wm. in 1488, and Sir John, in 1496. The male line in England is extinct.

Samuel, the eldest son of the first George, commanded a large mast ship trading between Portland and England. Rev. Mr. Smith in his Journal, notes "May 16, 1766, Capt. Tate in a large mast ship, came here in 30 days from London." Again he says, "July 3, 1770, Capt. Tate in a large ship came in." Ann, a daughter of Samuel, his first child born in our Falmouth, March 1767, (two elder, having been born in England,) married Joseph H. Ingraham of Portland in 1789.

He

George, the Admiral, third son of George, born in London 1745, came to Falmouth with his father, a small boy. He was probably brought up a mariner as his brother and many of our Maine boys were. entered the Russian naval service, and in 1770, was appointed by Catherine II. a Lieut. in her navy. He rose gradually in the service, and particularly distinguished himself in the siege of Ismail, a Turkish fortress and city, near the mouth of the Danube, by the Russian army and navy under Suwarrow, and in the final attack in December 1790, when it surrendered with an immense slaughter. This strong place was taken by storm after numerous attacks in which the Russians lost 10,000 men. The booty taken was very large, 230 pieces of cannon, 345 standards, 10,000 horses and numerous munitions of war.

Tate was

severely wounded in this engagement, but was promoted and received an order of merit for his gallant conduct. He also distinguished himself in the war with Sweden, for which he received from the Empress a gold medal; on the face of it was an effigy of the Empress, arround which was the inscription, as translated"By the Grace of God, Katherine the Second Empress and Sovereign of all Russia." On the reverse, "Neighborly and forever Peace with Sweedland, concluded August 3d 1790." He was also promoted to be a Rear Admiral. He continued in the Russian service, through the reigns of Katherine, Paul and Alexander 1st, a period of more than 50 years, to his death, which took place Feb. 17, 1821 in the 76th year of his age. He was a favorite with Alexander 1st who promoted him to be First Admiral, and a member of the Imperial Senate. He received from his different sovereigns, badges of the order of St. Wladimar, of St. Alexander Newski, of St. Ann, and the military order of St. John, and died respected and honored by his sovereign and the people.

The medal above referred to, he sent to his grand-niece, a daughter of his niece Mrs. Ingraham, accompanied by a letter to her father dated "Cronstaadt June 28, O. S. 1805," in which he says, "many thanks to Miss. Eliza for her letter and drawings. In return I send her a Gold Medal, the gift of her late majesty Katherine to me, at the conclusion of the Sweedish war, and whose portrait, a very good one, it represents."

Admiral Tate visited Portland in 1819, and was looking remarkably well. He was about the medium height, compactly and firmly built, full but not corpulent, and of dark complexion. A good portrait of him is preserved in the Ingraham family. WM. WILLIS..

Portland, Sept., 1864.

O'CALLAGHAN'S HISTORY OF NEW NETHERLAND. The Hackluyt Society Publication of 1860 p. 56, in a Memoir on

Henry Hudson, pays the following well deserved compliment to this work:

"We seize this opportunity for recom mending Dr. O'CALLAGHAN's charming work to those few of our readers who might feel interest enough in Henry Hudson to follow up the subject of his splendid discovery. The history of the banks of the Hudson have here been chronicled in a manner not the less attractive for being entirely unassuming and natural."

HOODING.-The operation practised by Sherman at Atlanta on Hood, of getting an antagonist out of a strong place and slipping into it, may well be called Hooding: as it is not the first time a Hood figured in it. During the Revolutionary War Sir Samuel Hood practised it on the Count de Grasse, luring him by a show of fight from a fine position which he took and from which the Count was unable to dislodge them, although he attacked him day afte day for some weeks.

GOVERNORS OF PENNSYLVANIA.-(Vol. VIII. 266). The table published in the Hist. Mag., omits the name of WILLIAM MARKHAM, the first deputy governor of Pennsylvania. His commission from William Penn, dated April 10, 1681, is on record in Secretary of State's office, Albany. E. B. O'C.

SPANISH PRIESTS IN NEW YORK.-In 1708 some Spanish priests were taken prisoners and brought into New York. On the 10 Dec. of that year, a warrant was drawn in favor of Elizabeth Cole for £16. 13. 6. for their diet and lodging. E. B. O'C.

PICAYUNE APPROPRIATION.---The smallest appropriation probably ever made by an Act of Legislature was in 1713, when that of New York voted "the sum of sixpence to William Smith in full discharge of a debt of £356. 17s. 10d. See the Law. O'C.

QUERIES.

TRACTS BY ARCHBISHOP HUGHES.Can any reader of the Historical Magazine send a copy of either of the following tracts, or give notice where a copy may be seen?

Answer to the nine objections published in 1827; 2. Answer to Bishop Onderdonk's charge, published in 1833; 3. Eulogy on St. Patrick, published in 1835.

heele boel water," or 66 een heele boel knikkers," for much water, or many marbles; or in this manner "Some big loafers were very noisy on Sunday afternoon at the corner of the street, but the police took "the whole boodle of them" (see Bartlett's Dictionary of Americanisms) "de heele boel" to the station-house." The word does not seem to be in use in New York.

S. A.

REPLIES.

BENNETT WHEELER'S POPE'S ESSAY ON MAN.-(Vol. viii, p. 248). Bennett Wheeler's reprint of Pope's Essay on Man was not the first American Edition. It was printed by William Bradford, Phil., in 1747, which may be called the first edition until an earlier one is discovered.

It was also printed by Hugh Gaines, New York, in 1786, and we have also seen copies printed in New London, 1791; New York, Duyckinck, 1796; and numerous others printed in Plymouth, Springfield, Brookfield, Dover, and other places.

The earliest book we have seen with the imprint of Bennett Wheeler is Watt's Psalms, Providence, R. I., printed and sold by Bennett Wheeler. 1781.

O. Z.

BOODLE (Vol. VIII, p. 245.)—Although the dictionaries translate the Dutch word boedel into estate, the English word estate is not translated into boedel. The word probably comes from the low Saxon, "imbudel, budel, bödel, böel," and means not an estate, but property, possessions; not the house or lands, but the property which is in the house; not "real estate," nor "bonds or stocks, but household goods, linen, jewelry, silverware, works of art, &c.-"goods and chattels." Hence the word boedel is almost entirely superseded by imboedel. The contraction of boedel is boel, and is in vulgar use for much or many, or for a For instance, quantity or number.

een

THE TEN ORATORS OF ATHENS. (VOL. VIII, p. 278.)-SHAWMUT can find a copy of the work he seeks in the Library of Harvard College. It is entitled "Harpocrationis Lexicon in decem Oratores Atticos ex Recensione Gulielomi Dindoru." Qtom Oxonu, 1853. 8. C.

Societies and their Proceedings.

MAINE.

THE MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY-Brunswick, Aug. 4.-Held its annual meeting for the transaction of business at its rooms in Bowdoin College, Brunswick, on August 4th. The Hon. Edward E. Bourne of Kennebunk was elected President, in place of the Hon. William Willis, who declined a re-election two years ago; but has held the office until the present meeting at the request of the Society. For more than the third of a century Mr. W. has been identified with this body, and the history of the state. He is now engaged in the re-issue of the first volume, of the Society's Publications. The principal part of which, as well as many other valuable papers in the subsequent volumes, is the production of his pen. This portion of the volume is part of the History of Portland; to be enlarged in both the first and second volumes; and to be continued out of his abundant materials to the present day. Judge Bourne is well known for his historic taste and diligent research, and will be ready to sustain and carry onward all the work proposed by the Society.

The by-laws were so amended as to allow vacancies to be filled and three members added to the number previously chosen. Thirteen new members were elected.

A report from the delegation of the society to the Popham Celebration last year, was presented

by Judge Bourne, in which the Society was urged to encourage this celebration, and others of a like nature. Acting on this suggestion, and in response to an invitation from the executive committee on that celebration, a committee was appointed to represent the Society on the proposed occasion, at Bath, August 29th., consisting of Rufus K. Sewell, Esq., Rev. Pres. Woods, Hon. S. P. Benson, Hon. W. G. Barrows, and Hon. J. A. Poor.

The following gentlemen are the officers of the Society for the coming year: Hon. E. E. Bourne, Kennebunk, President; Rt. Rev. Geo. Burgess, D. D., Gardiner, Vice-President; Hon. J. W. Bradbury, Augusta, Corresponding Secretary; Rev. Edward Ballard, Recording Secretary; Rev. A. S. Packard, D. D., and A. C. Robbins, Esq., Treasurers. The last three persons are of Brunswick. Three members were added to fill vacancies on the committees.

No better opportunity can be found for research in history than is furnished in Maine. Its geographical relation to the mother country, led it to be the first of the New England territory to be occupied by an English colony, and the illrequited labors and expenditures of Sir Ferdinando Gorges. The two Pophams and Gilbert, opened the way for settlements afterwards on our coasts, that were crowned with permanence. The new interest in her history has stimulated inquiry into her remote wants, and patient research has successfully removed the unhistorical allegations, which have been brought against the initial point" of her occupancy by the colony at the mouth of the Kennebec.

At the coming celebration of this event, Judge Bourne will deliver the address.

A vote of thanks was passed to Mr. Willis for his long cherished interest and labors; and also commemorative of the work of the late Hon. R. H. Gardiner, one of the corporators of the institution in 1822.

MASSACHUSETTS.

NEW ENGLAND HISTORIC GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY. -Boston, July 6. The regular meeting was holden at the Rooms of the Society, No. 13 Broomfield street. In the absence of the President and Vice-Presidents, Rev. Dr. Dorus Clark was called to the chair.

The Corresponding Secretary reported that since the last meeting letters accepting resident membership had been received from Rev. B. F. DeCosta, of Charleston, Benj. B. Torry, of Boston, Dr. Walcott Richards, of Waltham, and Edward M. Cary, of Boston.

The report of the Librarian showed that since the last meeting there had been received, volumes, 8; pamphlets, 38; pedigrees of the Scott and Appleton families; photograph of an ancient copperplate, recently exhumed at Castine.

The Historiographer read a biographical sketch, of Beriah Botfield, M. P., F. S. A. &c, a corresponding member of the Society, who died at his residence in London, Aug. 7th, 1863, aged 56 years. Also of Wm. Jackson Davis, a corresponding member, who died in New York, March 26th, 1864, aged 45 years.

Rev. John A. Vinton read a very interesting and carefully prepared paper on Deborah Sampson, who served as a soldier in the continental army during three years of the revolutionary contest, under the name of Robert Shurtliff. She was born in Plymton, Mass., December 17, 1760. A descendant of John Alden, of Miles Standish, of Rev. Peter Hobart and of Gov. Wm. Bradford, a cousin of Simeon Sampson, one of the most distinguished naval commanders of the revolution-there was much in her family relationship to awake her patriotism and inspire her prowess. The first male attire she donned previous to her enlistment, and as an introduction to the army, she spun and wove with her own hands. She enlisted under the above assumed name in April, 1781, had a personal share in the seige of Yorktown where the entrenchments were carried at the point of the bayonet, and witnessed the scene of the surrender of Cornwallis. She was afterwards wounded east of the Hudson. On recovering from her wounds she was engaged in some severe engagements with the Indians, and was finally appointed aide-de-camp to Gen. Patterson, and taken into his family; and all this time without a suspicion of her sex, and all subsequent knowledge proves her virtue and chastity without a blemish. Many exceedingly interesting details of her encounters were given by Mr. Vinton. Her sex was finally discovered by the physician who attended her in a severe illness in Philadelphia, and was disclosed by him only to female attendants. She was honorably discharged from the army, Oct. 23, 1783,-she received the same pension as other soldiers. few months after she had left the army she was married to Benjamin Gannett of Sharon, and was the affectionate and exemplary mother of a respectable family of children. She died in that town April 27, 1827, aged 66 years.

A

Mr. Vinton said that in many years of historical study, he could truly say that he thought no parallel to Deborah Sampson is to be found in the annals of any nation. The story of Semiramis is now fully exploded; Penthesilea and the Amazons never existed but in epic poetry; Boadicea, Joan of Arc, Elizabeth of England and Catharine of Russia are great names, but practised no concealment of sex, and the last two were of doubtful virtue. It is to be hoped a life of this remarkable person may be written out more fully by Mr. Vinton at a future day.

William Reed Deane, exhibited a photograph of a tablet in the chancel of the church at Haverhill, England, to the memory of Rev. John Ward of that place, father of Rev. Nathaniel Ward, of