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sections, or parts of any act of the Legislature in the same manner in which such power may be exercised against a complete act. The filing of a referendum petition against one or more items, sections, or parts of an act shall not delay the remainder of such act from becoming operative. SEC. 57. Reserved to County and District. The powers of the initiative and referendum reserved to the people by this Constitution for the State at large, are hereby further reserved to the legal voters of every county and district therein, as to all local legislation, or action, in the administration of county and district government in and for their respective counties and districts.

SEC. 58. Prescribed by General Laws; Power of County Commissioners in Local Matters. The manner of exercising said powers shall be prescribed by general laws, except that Boards of County Commissioners may provide for the time of exercising the initiative and referendum powers as to local legislation in their respective counties and districts.

SEC. 59. Number of Petitioners in County or District. The requisite number of petitioners for the invocation of the initiative and referendum in counties and districts shall bear twice, or double, the ratio to the whole number of legal voters in such county or district, as herein provided therefor in the State at large.

SEC. 60. Measures Rejected Cannot be Proposed for Three Years. — Any measure rejected by the people, through the powers of the initiative and referendum, cannot be again proposed by the initiative within three years thereafter by less than twenty-five per centum of the legal voters.

SEC. 61. Right of Legislature to Pass or Repeal. -The reservation of the powers of the initiative and referendum in this article shall not deprive the Legislature of the right to repeal any law, propose or pass any measure, which may be consistent with the Constitution of the State and the Constitution of the United States. SEC. 62. · Corruption in Initiative and Referendum. - Laws shall be provided to prevent corruption in making, procuring, and submitting initiative and referendum petitions.

SEC. 119. Limitations upon Power of Legislature to Pass Local or Special Laws. The Legislature shall not, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, pass any local or special law authorizing:

SEC. 119a.
SEC. 119b.

The creation, extension, or impairing of liens;
Regulating the affairs of counties, cities, towns, wards,

or school districts;

SEC. 119c.

Changing the names of persons or places;

SEC. 119d. - Authorizing the laying out, opening, altering, or maintaining of roads, highways, streets, or alleys;

SEC. 1190. Relating to ferries or bridges, or incorporating ferry or bridge companies, except for the erection of bridges crossing streams which form boundaries between this and any other State;

SEC. 119f. · Vacating roads, town plats, streets, or alleys;

SEC. 119g.

Relating to cemeteries, graveyards, or public grounds not owned by the State;

SEC. 119h.
SEC. 1191.
SEC. 119j.

their charters;

SEC. 119k.

- Authorizing the adoption or legitimation of children; Locating or changing county seats;

Incorporating cities, towns, or villages, or changing

- For the opening and conducting of elections, or fixing

or changing the places of voting;

SEC. 1191. Granting divorces;

SEC. 119m. Creating offices, or prescribing the powers and duties of officers in counties, cities, towns, election or school districts;

SEC. 119n. Changing the law of descent or succession;

SEC. 1190.

Regulating the practice or jurisdiction of, or changing the rules of evidence in judicial proceedings or inquiry before the courts, justices of the peace, sheriffs, commissioners, arbitrators, or other tribunals, or providing or changing the methods for the collection of debts, or the enforcement of judgments or prescribing the effect of judicial sales of real estate;

SEC. 119p. Regulating the fees, or extending the powers and duties of aldermen, justices of the peace, or constables;

SEC. 119q. Regulating the management of public schools, the building or repairing of school houses, and the raising of money for such purposes;

SEC. 119r. - Fixing the rate of interest;

SEC. 119s.

ability;

SEC. 119t.

Affecting the estate of minors, or persons under dis

Remitting fines, penalties and forfeitures, and refunding

moneys legally paid into the treasury;

SEC. 119u.

Exempting property from taxation;

SEC. 119v. Declaring any named person of age;

SEC. 119w.

Extending the time for the assessment or collection of taxes, or otherwise relieving any assessor or collector of taxes from due performance of his official duties, or his securities from liability; Giving effect to informal or invalid wills or deeds; Summoning or impaneling grand or petit juries; For limitation of civil or criminal actions;

SEC. 119x.

SEC. 119y.

SEC. 119z.

SEC. 119z1.- For incorporating railroads or other works of internal improvement;

SEC. 119z2.

cases.

Providing for change of venue in civil and criminal

SEC. 120. No Officer to be Retired on Pay. The Legislature shall not retire any officer on pay or part pay, or make any grant to such retiring officer.

SEC. 121. - - Bureau of Immigration; No Money Appropriated For. The Legislature shall have no power to appropriate any of the public money for the establishment and maintenance of a Bureau of Immigration in this State. SEC. 122.

Employees of Legislature; Number and Emolument. — The legislature shall not increase the number or emolument of its employes, or the employes of either House, except by general law, which shall not take effect during the term at which such increase was made.

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SEC. 123. No Property Exempt from Taxation.

The Legislature shall pass no law exempting any property withis [within] this State from taxation, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution.

SEC. 124. No Exclusive Rights Granted. - The Legislature shall pass no law granting to any association, corporation, or individual any exclusive rights, privileges, or immunities within this State.

SEC. 125.

No Power to Revive or Take Away Right of Action. The Legislature shall have no power to revive any right or remedy which may have become barred by lapse of time, or by any statute of this State. After suit has been commenced on any cause of action, the Legislature shall have no power to take away such cause of action, or destroy any existing defense to such suit.

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SEC. 126. No Power to Release Indebtedness of Corporation or Individual. - The Legislature shall have no power to release or extinguish, or to authorize the releasing or extinguishing, in whole or in part, the indebtedness, liabilities, or obligations of any corporation, or individual, to this State, or any county or other municipal corporation thereof. SEC. 127. Repeal of Statute Does Not Affect Vested Rights. The repeal of a statute shall not revive a statute previously repealed by such statute, nor shall such repeal affect any accrued right, or penalty incurred, or proceedings begun by virtue of such repealed statute. SEC. 130. Acts to Embrace One Subject; Amendments. - Every act of the Legislature shall embrace but one subject, which shall be clearly expressed in its title, except general appropriation bills, general revenue bills, and bills adopting a code, digest, or revision of statutes; and no law shall be revised, amended, or the provisions thereof extended or conferred, by reference to its title only; but so much thereof as is revised, amended, extended, or conferred shall be re-enacted and published at length: Provided, That if any subject be embraced in any act contrary to the provisions of this section, such act shall be void only as to so much of the law as may not be expressed in the title thereof.

SEC. 131. Acts to Take Effect in Ninety Days; Franchises; Emergency. No act shall take effect until ninety days after the adjournment of the session at which it was passed, except enactments for carrying into effect provisions relating to the initiative and referendum, or a general appropriation bill, unless, in case of emergency, to be expressed in the act, the Legislature, by a vote of two-thirds of all members elected to each House, so directs. An emergency measure shall include only such measures as are immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, and shall not include the granting of franchises or license to a corporation or individual, to extend longer than one year, nor provision for the purchase or sale of real estate, nor the renting or encumbrance of real property for a longer term than one year. Emergency measures may be vetoed by the Governor, but such measures so vetoed may be passed by a three-fourths vote of each House, to be duly entered on the journal.

SEC. 132. - General Laws to Have Uniform Operation. Laws of a general nature shall have a uniform operation throughout the State, and where a general law can be made applicable, no special law shall be enacted.

SEC. 133.

System of Checks and Balances Between Officials. The Legislature shall provide by law for the establishment and maintenance of an efficient system of checks and balances between the officers of the Executive Department, and all commissioners and superintendents, and boards of control of State institutions, and all other officers entrusted with the collection, receipt, custody, or disbursement of the revenue or moneys of the State whatsoever.

ARTICLE VI

SEC. 134. Officials Constituting Executive Authority. The Executive authority of the State shall be vested in a Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, State Auditor, Attorney General, State Treasurer, Superintendent of Public Instruction, State Examiner and Inspector, Chief Mine Inspector, Commissioner of Labor, Commissioner of Charities and Corrections, Commissioner of Insurance, and other offices provided by law and this Constitution, each of whom shall keep his office and public records, books, and papers at the seat of government, and shall perform such duties as may be designated in this Constitution or prescribed by law.

SEC. 153. - Term and Duties. A Department of Labor is hereby created to be under the control of a Commissioner of Labor who shall be elected by the people, whose term of office shall be four years, and whose duties shall be prescribed by law.

SEC. 154. Board of Arbitration and Conciliation. The Legislature shall create a Board of Arbitration and Conciliation in the Department of Labor and the Commissioner of Labor shall be ex-officio chairman.

SEC. 168. Seal of the State. In the center shall be a five pointed star, with one ray directed upward. The center of the star shall contain the central device of the seal of the Territory of Oklahoma, including the words, "Labor Omnia Vincit." The upper left hand ray shall contain the symbol of the ancient seal of the Cherokee Nation, namely: A seven pointed star partially surrounded by a wreath of oak leaves. The ray directed upwards shall contain the symbol of the ancient seal of the Chickasaw Nation, namely: An Indian warrior standing upright with bow and shield. The lower left hand ray shall contain the symbol of the ancient seal of the Creek Nation, namely: A sheaf of wheat and a plow. The upper right hand ray shall contain the symbol of the ancient seal of the Choctaw Nation, namely: A tomahawk, bow, and three crossed arrows. The lower right hand ray shall contain the symbol of the ancient seal of the Seminole Nation, namely: A village with houses and a factory beside a lake upon which an Indian is paddling a canoe. Surrounding the central star and grouped between its rays shall be forty-five small stars, divided into five clusters of nine stars each, representing the forty-five states of the Union, to which the forty-sixth is now added. In a circular band surrounding the whole device shall be inscribed, "Great Seal of the State of Oklahoma, 1907.”

SEC. 193. Trial by Jury Waived. In all issues of fact joined in any court, all parties may waive the right to have the same deter

mined by jury; in which case the finding of the judge, upon the facts, shall have the force and effect of a verdict by jury.

SEC. 194. Jury to Return General Verdict; Court May Direct Special Findings. — In all jury trials, the jury shall return a general verdict, and no law in force, nor any law hereafter enacted, shall require the court to direct the jury to make findings on particular questions of fact; but the court may, in its discretion, direct such special findings.

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SEC. 205. Have All Powers not Possessed by Individuals. · As used in this article, the term "corporation" or "company" shall include all associations and joint stock companies, having any power or privileges, not possessed by individuals, and exclude all municipal corporations and public institutions owned or controlled by the State; the term "charter" shall mean the charter of incorporation, by or under which any corporation is formed. The term "license" shall mean the authority under which all foreign corporations are permitted to transact business in this State.

SEC. 206. — Common Carriers; Right to Construct and Operate Lines. - Every railroad, oil pipe, car, express, telephone or telegraph corporation or association organized or authorized to do a transportation or transmission business under the laws of this State for such purpose, shall, each respectively, have the right to construct and operate its line between any points in this State, and as such to connect at the State line with like lines; and every such company shall have the right with its road or line, to intersect, connect with, or cross any railroad or such line.

SEC. 207. - To Transport Each Other's Cars and Passengers. Every railroad, car, or express company, shall each, respectively, receive and transport without delay or discrimination each other's cars, loaded or empty, tonnage, and passengers, under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by law or any commission created by this Constitution or by act of the Legislature for that purpose.

SEC. 208. — Oil Pipe Companies Subject to Control of Commission. All oil pipe companies shall be subject to the reasonable control and regulation of the Corporation Commission, and shall receive and transport each other's tonnage or oils, or commodities, under such rules and regulations as shall be prescribed by law, or such commission.

SEC. 209. Telephone and Telegraph Lines to Transmit Each Other's Messages. All telephone and telegraph lines, operated for hire, shall each, respectively, receive and transmit each other's messages without delay or discrimination, and make physical connections with each other's lines, under such rules and regulations as shall be prescribed by law, or by any commission created by this Constitution, or any act of the Legislature, for that purpose.

SEC. 210. Railroads Public Highways; Office in State; Meetings of Directors, etc. Railroads heretofore constructed, or which may

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