Page images
PDF
EPUB

St. Louis, Mo., gift to church by various donors. $8000.

San Francisco, gift to children's park by Mrs. H. E. Huntington, $275,000.

Saul, Julius, New York, will to charity, $5000. Scanlon, J. K., Elgin, Ill., will to charity, $19,000. Scattergood, Elizabeth S., Philadelphia, Pa., will to charity, $10,000.

Schefer, Henry, Philadelphia, Pa., will to charity, $6500.

Schwab, Charles M., gift to charity, $15,000. Schwab, Charles M., and E. H. Gary, gift of armored train to New York National Guard, $150,000.

Schwabacher, Morris, Chicago, Ill., will to charity,

$17,000.

Scripps, Ellen B., La Jolla, Cal., gift to Knox College, $100,000; to University of California, $100,000. Seaman's Church Institute, gift by J. P. Morgan, $50,000; gift by J. D. Rockefeller, $50,000; gift by various donors, $122,202.

Searle, Miss C. A., New York, will to Seashorehome, $10,000.

Seashorehome, will by Miss C. A. Searle, $10,000. Schieren, Charles A., New York, will to Brooklyn Academy of Music, $100,000; to Brooklyn Institute of Arts, $22,975.

Schiff, Mrs. C. H., New York, gift to University of Virginia, $50,000.

Schiff, Jacob H., New York, gift to Barnard College, $500,000; to Jewish relief fund, $25,000; to Stevens Technical Institute, $5000.

Schiffendecker, Charles, Joplin, Mo., gift of park to city, $100,000.

Schmidt, John, Springfield, Mo., will to charity, $10,000.

Schools, gift to, by Mrs. S. W. Brigham, $10,000. Settlements, gift to, by various donors, New York, $50,000.

Seventh Day Adventists, Boulder, Colo., gift to church, $10,000. Shapley,

$182,500.

Ida, Baltimore, Md., will to missions,

Sharon, Pa., gift to town by Frank H. Buhl, $500,000.

Shaun, Nathan, New York, gift to Zion movement, $35,000.

Shaw, Samuel S., Boston, Mass., will to library, $5000.

Sheftel, Mrs. Herbert, New York, gift to Yale University, $10,000.

Sheppard, Marie J., Revere, Mass., will to charity, $11,150.

Shirly, Louise F., San Diego, Cal., will to charity, $17,000.

Simmons College, will by Helen Cullamore, $100,000. Sioux City, Iowa, to church by various donors, $20,000.

Sizer, Katherine M., New Haven, Conn., will to charity, $50,000.

Skinner, Francis, estate of, gift to Harvard University, $43,000.

Slimmer, Abraham, Dubuque, Iowa, gift to charity, $25,000; to hospital, $30,000.

Sloane, William D., New York, will to charity, $170,000.

Sloane, Mrs. W. D., New York, gift to charity, $10,000.

Slocum, Charles E., Defiance, Ohio, will to Washington University, $10,000.

Smith, Annie E., will to Barnard College, $10,000; to charity, $252,000.

Smith, Mary A., Chelsea, Mass., will to charity, $5000.

Smithsonian Institution, gift by Charles L. Freer, $1,000,000.

Southern secondary schools, gift by Rockefeller Foundation, $140,000.

Southmayd, Charles F., New York, will to charity, $10,000.

South Shore Country Club fair, Chicago, Ill., to charity, $75,000.

Spinsters' home, will by Annie McDowell, $50,000. Sprague, Albert A., Chicago, Ill., will to Art Institute, $50,000; will to Presbyterian Hospital, $50,000; will to Protestant Orphan Asylum, $5000.

Sprague, Mrs. Albert A., Chicago, gift to Art Institute, $90,000; to charity, $100,000.

Superannuated ministers, gift by various donors,

$330,000.

Stanford, Thomas W., gift to Leland Stanford University art museum, $80,000.

State air craft, gift by various donors, New York, $20,000.

Stevens Institute of Technology, gift by Babcock and Wilcox, $25,000; gift by Carnegie Foundation, $250,000; gift by H. W. Johns Manville Co., $10,000; gift by J. H. Schiff, $5000; gift by unnamed donor, $10,

000; gift by various donors, $171,600; gift by Edward Weston, $10,000; will by George W. Millorth, $5000.

Stick, A. C., Independence, Kan., will to Washburne College, $75,000.

Stillman, James, New York, gift to American Relief Clearing House, Paris. $100.000.

Storm Lake College, will by L. S. Coffin, $20,000. Stotesbury, E. T., Philadelphia, Pa., gift to Children's Hospital, $50,000.

Stott, Sophie F., New York, will to charity, $37,000. Strait, Mrs. W. D., Westbury, L. I., gift to church, $5000.

Straus, Nathan, New York, gift to Jewish relief fund, $50,000.

Strong, Mrs. A. H., New Brunswick, N. J., gift to D. A. R. Museum, $50,000.

Swartley, Anna, Launsdale, Pa., will to charity, $50,000.

Swasey, Ambrose, Cleveland, Ohio, gift for engineering research, $100.000.

Swift, Mrs. G. F., Chicago, Ill., gift to charity, $10,000; to Northwestern University, $8000.

Syracuse University, gift by Mrs. Russell Sage, $16,000.

Taylor, M. E., Louisville, Ky., to charity, $20,000. Teachers College of Columbia University, will by Grace Dodge, $500,000.

Teassler, J. T., Sunbury, Pa., will to charity, $6000; to church, $7000; to Johns Hopkins Institute, $20,000.

Technology, Institute of, will by Helen Cullamore, $500,000.

Texas, University of, gift by J. W. Brackenrip, $100,000.

Thomas, Cleo A., Brookline, Mass., wills to church, $5000.

Thompson, Elizabeth, New York (trust estate), will to charities, $3,250,000.

Thompson, Jasper, Forest City, Iowa, gift of park to town, $100,000.

Thompson, W. H., Pittsburgh, Pa., gift to charity, $5000.

Thompson, William, New York, gift to Phillips Exeter Academy, $100,000.

Throop College of Technology, gift by various donors, $50,000.

Thurber, J. B., New York, gift to Yale University, $10,000.

Tilton, Caroline S., New Orleans, La., will to charity, $20,000.

Tirker, George F., New London, Conn., will to charity, $5000.

Tolan, Edwin F., Philadelphia, Pa., will to charity, $6000.

Trade school, gift for, by S. Benson, $100,000. Trinity College, will by George F. Newton, $5000. Trinity College, Sioux City, Iowa, gift by various donors, $7000.

Tripp, I. S., Prairie du Sac, Wis., will to Carroll College, $5000; to Ripon College, $5000; to University of Wisconsin, $400,000.

Tucker, A. H., Hyde Park, Mass., will to church, $6000.

Tufts College, will by Frederick S. Pearson, $500,000. Turner, Abbie, Randolph, Mass., will to charity, $27,000.

Tuskegee Institute, gift by various donors, $450,000. Unemployed Colorado miners, gift by Rockefeller Foundation, $100,000.

University museum, gift by Pierre S. Dupont, $25,

000.

Union Bethel, gift by Mrs. Maunca White, $22,500. Vandens, Maria, Baltimore, Md., will to charity, $12,000.

Vanderbilt, Mrs. W. K., New York, gift to Mental Hygiene Institute, $40,000.

Vassar College, gift by Mrs. Avery Coonley, $25,000; gift by Mrs. Ellen Hooker, $25,000; gift by Rockefeller Foundation, $200,000; gift by various donors, $615,000.

Virginia, University of, gift by John B. Cobb, $50,000; gift by Mrs. C. H. Schiff, $50,000; gift by unnamed donor, $50,000.

Vowels, Ann, New York, will to church, $5000. Vowless, Ann, Brooklyn, N. Y., will to church, $7000. Wadsworth Athenæum, gift by Mrs. James J. Goodman, $50,000. Wage dividends by corporations as reported, $5,000,000.

Wait, Theodore N., Lyndonville, Vt., gift to Lyndon Institute, $50,000.

Walker, E. C., Walkerville, Mich., will to charity, $20,000; to church, $30,000; to College of St. Andrew, $10,025; to Detroit Art Museum, $25,000,

Ward, Robert B., New Rochelle, N. Y., will to charity, $1,500,000.

Warsaw, Ind., gift to church by various donors, $75,000.

Washburne College, will by A. C. Stick, $75,000. Washington University, will by Mrs. W. A. McMillan, $1,000,000; will by Charles E. Slocum, $10.000. Waterman, L. D., Indianapolis, Ind., gift to Indiana University, $100,000.

Watson, Mrs. H. W., Doylestown, Pa., will to church, $100,000.

Watertown, Mass., gift to college by William P. Herring, $1,000,000.

Webb, Edward A., St. Paul, Minn., will to missions, $400,000.

Webb, Mrs. M. E., New York, will to charity, $167, 586.

Wellesley College, gift by Andrew Carnegie, $95,000. Wells, H. P., New York, will to charity, $50,000. Wentworth, Samuel T., Sandwich, N. H., gift of library to town, $18,000.

Western Advent Publication Society, will by Charles Eckhart, $12,500.

Weston, Edward, New York, gift to Stevens Technical Institute, $10,000.

Wharton, Susan F., Philadelphia, Pa., will to charity, $5000; to Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, $5000. Wherling, Mrs. M. L. L. O., Cincinnati, Ohio, will to Miami University, $400,000.

White, A. T., New York, gift to Rensselaer Institute, $50,000.

White, Leila M., Bloomington, Ill., will to hospital, $5000.

White, Mrs. Maunca, Cincinnati, Ohio, gift to Union Bethel, $22,500.

Whitney, Anne, Boston, Mass., will to charity, $5000.

Whitney, F. O., Boston, Mass., will to charity,

$5000.

[blocks in formation]

000.

Wolff, Edwin, New York, will to charity, $20,000. Woman's Club, gift by Julius Rosenwald, $50,000. Woodman, Annie E., Dover, N. H., will for art institute, $100,000.

Woodman, Sarah C., Dover, N. H., will to church, $10,000.

Woodruff, Frances E., Morristown, N. J., will to city, $50,000.

Woodward, R. B., New York, will to Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, $160,000.

Woodworth, Sarah E., Boston, Mass., will to hospital, $5000.

Woolverton, William H., New York, will to library at Alexandria, Pa., $40,000.

Wright, G. H., New York, will to Knickerbocker Hospital, $580,000; to public library, $100,000. Wursten, Alfred, Philadelphia, Pa., will to charity, $20,000.

Wyman, Cyrus, Langdon, Kan., will to charity, $200,000.

Wyman, H. M., estate of, gift to Harvard University, $75,000.

Yale Chinese Medical College, gift by Rockefeller Foundation, $16,200.

Yale University, gift by Mrs. C. W. Goodyear, $10,000; gift by Howland family, $15,000; gift by Mrs. Herbert Sheftel, $10,000; gift by J. B. Thurber, $10.000; gift by various donors, $453,270; will by C. H. Forman, $510,434; will by J. H. Hotchkiss, $1,000,000; will by Mrs. Van Antwerp De Witt Jessup, $300,000; will by Charles H. Pine, $150,000.

Y. M. C. A., gift by James A. B. Brunt, $125,000; gift by Mrs. E. E. Jackson, $50,000; gift by Galen C.

Moses, $15,000; gift by J. S. Nicholson, $10,000; gift by Rockefeller Foundation, $100,000; will by Grace E. Dodge, $25,000; will by Albert Keep, $200,000.

Y. M. C. A., Allentown, Pa., gift by various donors, $120,000; Buffalo, N. Y., gift by various donors, $32,000; Chicago, Ill., gift by unnamed donor, $20,000; Columbus, O., gift by various donors, $23,000; Duluth, Minn., gift by J. H. Barnes, $60,000; Grand Forks, N. Dak., gift by various donors, $40,000; hotel, Chicago, Ill., gift by various donors, $635,000; La Porte, Ind., gift by various donors, $11,396; Muskogee, Okla., gift by various donors, $75,000; Nashua, N. H., gift by unnamed donor, $10,000; Paterson, N. J., gift by various donors, $36,000.

Y. W. C. A., gift by Lizzie Eckhart, $10,000; will by Grace Dodge, $700,000.

Y. W. C. A., Los Angeles, Cal., gift by various donors, $33,000; Paterson, N. J., gift by various donors, $36,000.

Yunivet, Julia E., New York, will to church, $6200; will to St. Xavier College, $5000.

Zion movement, gift by Nathan Shaun, $35,000. Zionist relief fund, gift by various donors, $120,000. Zurbrugg, T., Philadelphia, Pa., will to hospital, $250,000.

GIPSY MOTH. See ENTOMOLOGY. GLASS, MONTAGUE. See LITERATURE, ENGLISH AND AMERICAN, Fiction. GOETHALS,

PANAMA CANAL.

MAJOR-GENERAL G. W. See

GOLD. The mined production of gold in the mines of the United States for the calendar year 1914 was 4,484,544 fine ounces, valued at $92,703,757. This was an increase in value of $2,715,869 over the production of 1913. The lows in 1914: California, Colorado, Alaska, Neprincipal gold producing States ranked as folvada, South Dakota, Arizona, Montana, Utah, Oregon, Philippines, Idaho, and New Mexico. No other States than these mentioned have produced over $1,000,000 in the last year. The most notable increases in the gold output in 1914 were $1,736,189 in Colorado, $624,479 in Montana, and $503,152 in the Philippines. The largest decreases were $313,942 in Nevada, $299,882 in Utah, $192,244 in Idaho, and $139,102 in Washington. The imports of gold in the United States for the calendar year 1914 amounted to $57,387,741, and the exports to $222,616,156.

The gold production for 1915 is estimated by the director of the mint. The table given below shows the total mine production of gold in the various States in 1914, and the value of the increase or decrease as compared with 1913.

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

Norway

Sweden

36,630

Italy

30,572

Spain and Portugal

2,500

Turkey

500

France

1,946,600

Great Britain

17,860

Serbia

250,000

South America:

Argentina

100,000

[blocks in formation]

1,000,000

100,000

[blocks in formation]

GOLD COAST. A British crown colony and protectorate, with Ashanti and the Northern Territories, situated on the Gulf of Guinea. Area of the colony, 24,200 square miles; of Ashanti, 20,000; of the Northern Territories, 35,800-total, 80,000. The census (1911) returns place the population for the colony at 500,000 853,766; Ashanti, 287,814; Northern Territor3,000,000 ies, 361,806; but the figures are believed to un3,000,000 derstate the actual number of inhabitants. Accra, the capital, had (1911) 19,585 inhabitants; Coomassie, 18,853; Cape Coast Castle, 1,250,000 11,364; Seccondee, 7725. The chief products 500,000 3,000,000 and exports (1913) are cacao, £2,489,218; gold 500,000 and gold dust, £1,656,110; rubber, £87,915; palm kernels, £159,128; palm oil, £65,952; lum3,500,000 ber, £366,094; kola nuts, £144,705. Cotton 4,476,500 goods, provisions, and wine and spirits are the 3,800,000 main imports. Total trade (1913): £4,952,494 imports, £5,427,106 exports. Revenue, £1,301,3,750,000 566; expenditure, £1,363,291. Tonnage entered 11,388,870 and cleared, 2,986,553. A railway runs from 1,352,000) 4,750,000 Seccondee to Coomassie, 168 miles. A railway under construction from Accra to Akwapim is open for traffic to a temporary terminus at Mangoase, about 39 miles distant. An extension to Komfrodna was to be completed in 1915. Total telegraph lines, 1492 miles.

Dutch

French

[blocks in formation]

The gold production of the world in 1915, according to the preliminary estimates made by the Engineering and Mining Journal, New York, in its annual review of the year, was greater than for the previous two years, and indicated an excellent showing for the gold mining industry, although it must be considered that the European war did not directly affect any of the great gold mining regions even in Russia. The estimated increase from 1914 was $19,397,761, the gain being due chiefly to the increased production of the Transvaal and the United States, though as will be seen from the accompanying table, the increase was evident for the more important producing districts except in Australasia and Mexico. The Transvaal in 1915 produced about 40 per cent of the world's total, the United States about 21 per cent, Australasia a little over 9 per cent, and Russia about 6 per

GOLF. The names of Jerome D. Travers and Robert A. Gardner stand out in the golfing history of 1915. The former captured the open title at Baltusrol and the latter won the amateur laurels at Detroit. Both are veterans at the game, and it is noteworthy in this regard that the year produced few new players of special merit. The women's championship went to Mrs. Clarence H. Vanderbeck of Philadelphia. The victory of Travers in the open tourney was in the nature of a "come back," as it was figured that the winner of the amateur title on four different occasions had seen his best days as a golfer. As it turned out, however, the only player to give Travers a battle was Tom McNamara, a professional, who covered the 72 holes in 298, or one stroke less than the victor's

total. This marked the second time in 21 years that an amateur was successful in the quest of the open title. The showing of Travers at Baltusrol made him the favorite in the amateur tournament. Francis Ouimet and Charles Evans also had large followings. All three of these were eliminated before the final round, and Gardner emerged the winner through his defeat of John G. Anderson of Mount Vernon, N. Y. Gardner first captured the amateur honors back in 1909. The women's championship tourney narrowed down to a bitter struggle between Mrs. Vanderbeck and Miss Alexa Stirling, the Southern title holder from Atlanta, Ga. Mrs. Vanderbeck won only after the deciding match had been carried to the fourth extra hole. The most promising of the younger players of the year were Philip V. G. Carter of the Nassau Club, F. K. Robeson, a Pawling schoolboy, Jesse Guilford, Archie McIlwaine, Roy D. Webb, Reginald Lewis, Nelson Whitney, and Oswald Kirkby.

The winners of the leading tournaments were: United States Amateur, Robert A. Gardner; United States Open, Jerome D. Travers; United States Women, Mrs. Clarence H. Vanderbeck; Metropolitan Amateur, Walter J. Travis; Metropolitan Open, Gilbert Nicholls; Metropolitan Women, Miss Lillian B. Hyde; Metropolitan Junior, Philip V. G. Carter; Western Amateur, Charles E. Evans, Jr.; Western Open, Thomas L. McNamara; Western Women, Miss Elaine Rosenthal; Western Junior, De Witt C. Balch; Southern Amateur, Charles L. Dexter, Jr.; Southern Women, Miss Alexa Stirling; Panama-Pacific Amateur, Harry K. B. Davis; Panama-Pacific Open, Walter Č. Hagen.

In the intercollegiate championships Yale defeated Princeton in the final round by 5 up and 4 to play. The individual winner was F. R. Blossom of Yale, who vanquished G. A. Peacock of Princeton, in the final by 11 up and 9 to play. The Western intercollegiate championship was won by the University of Illinois.

cyclopædias, and edited the Vermont Revolutionary Rolls in 1904.

GORICAR, JOSEPH. See UNITED STATES AND THE WAR.

GÖRZ AND GRADISCA. See AUSTRIAHUNGARY.

GOULD, ELGIN RALSTON LOVELL. An American public officer and economist, died Aug. 18, 1915. He was born in Oshawa, Ont., in 1860, and graduated from the University of Toronto in 1881. He afterwards studied at Johns Hopkins, taking the degree of Ph.D. in 1886. From 1892-97 he was lecturer at Johns Hopkins, and from 1895-96 professor in the University of Chicago. In 1896 he became president of the City and Suburban Homes Company of New York, and worked on plans to improve the lives and surroundings of wage earners and at the same time provide a profitable commercial investment. In 1901-02 he was a lecturer on political economy in Columbia University. He was appointed city chamberlain of New York in 1902, holding office until 1904. In 1907-08 he was vice chairman of the New York Charter Revision Committee. He was active in financial, philanthropic, and religious affairs, and in reform movements in New York, and was a member of many learned societies. His writings include: Housing of Working People; Popular Control of the Liquor Traffic; The Gothenburg System of Liquor Traffic; and The Social Condition of Labor. He also contributed on economic subjects to magazines. GOURMONT, RÉMY DE.

TURE.

See FRENCH LITERA

GOVERNMENT. See section 80 entitled under various countries.

GOVERNORS' CONFERENCE. The eighth annual meeting of this body, known also as the “House of Governors," was held in Boston, August 24 to 27. The topics considered were, penology, greater efficiency in State administration, conservation, and the relation of the State to the national defense. Important addresses on these and other subjects were made. The next meeting of the conference will be in Salt Lake City, Utah.

GRAIN. See AGRICULTURE.

GRAND MAL. See EPILEPSY.
GRANT, ROBERT. See LITERATURE, ENGLISH
AND AMERICAN, Fiction.

GRAPES. See HORTICULTURE.

GOODALE, GREENLEAF AUSTIN. An American soldier, died Feb. 17, 1915. He was born in Orrington, Me., in 1839, and was educated in the Eastern Maine Conference Seminary. He enlisted as a private in the sixth Maine infantry in 1861, and served throughout the war. He was mustered out of volunteer service in 1866 with the rank of captain. In the same year he was appointed lieutenant in the United GRAPHITE. The total production of graphStates infantry, and rose through various grades ite in 1914 was 4336 short tons, valued at $324,until he became brigadier-general in 1907. He 118. Of this 1725 was amorphus, and 5,220,539 received several brevets for gallant service dur- pounds were crystalline. The greater part of ing the Civil War. From 1868 to 1898 he took the latter is produced in New York, Pennsyl part in Indian campaigns. In 1898-1901 he vania, and Alabama. The imports of graphite served in the Philippines. during the year were 22,002 short tons, valued at $1,398,261. The largest amount came from Ceylon. Japan and Mexico furnished also large quantities.

GOODRICH, JOHN ELLSWORTH. An American classical scholar, died Feb. 24, 1915. He was born in Hinsdale, Mass., in 1831 and graduated from the University of Vermont in 1853. He served as chaplain of the first Vermont cavalry in 1864-65. For many years he was principal of academies in Massachusetts, Vermont, and New Hampshire, and from 1868 to 1870 was superintendent of schools in Burlington, Vt. Between 1872 and 1907 he held chairs at the University of Vermont, where he was professor of Latin for 18 years. He was also librarian of the university from 1873 to 1886, and was dean of the department of arts from 1903 to 1907. He contributed to several en

GRAY, JOHN CLINTON. An American jurist, died June 28, 1915. He was born in New York City in 1843, and studied at the University of Berlin in 1860–61. In the latter year he entered the Harvard Law School, graduating in 1864. He afterwards took a course in law at New York University. After practicing for several years in Boston he removed to New York, where he became one of the most prominent lawyers. He was appointed judge of the Court of Appeals by Governor Hill in 1888, and in November of that year was elected to a full

term of 14 years. He wrote opinions in several of the most important cases tried in New York City during his term on the bench. He was reëlected in 1902, but retired in 1913.

GREAT BRITAIN. THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. A constitutional monarchy. Capital, London. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland, and Wales. The term "Great Britain," however, is often used to mean "United Kingdom." Attached to the United Kingdom, but not properly a part of it, are the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands.

AREA AND POPULATION. The area of the United Kingdom, including inland water, is stated at 121,331 square miles; including the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, 121,633 square miles, an area less than that of New England, New York, and New Jersey (123,852 square miles). England and Wales, which are often regarded as a unit, comprise 58,340 square miles, or in land area alone 58,029 square miles; Scotland, 30,405 square miles, or in land area 29,796 square miles. By divisions the area, the population according to the censuses of April 1, 1901, and April 3, 1911, and the density per square mile in 1911, are shown in the following table:

[blocks in formation]

Sq. M. Pop. 1901 Pop. 1911 Dens.

669

50,874 30,813,043 34,045,290
7,466 1,714,800 2,025,202 271
30,405 4,472,103 4,760,904 156
32,386 4,458,775 4,390,219 135

[blocks in formation]

*Including Monmouthshire.

373

229 1,292

The actual increase per cent was 10.89, the difference between actual increase and natural increase being accounted for by excess of emigrants over immigrants.

In 1911 the number of males and females were, respectively: England, 16,421,298 and 17,623,992 (or 1073 females to 1000 males); Wales, 1,024,310 and 1,000,892 (977 females to 1000 males); Scotland, 2,308,839 and 2,452,065; Ireland, 2,192,048 and 2,198,171.

In England and Wales, the population of urban districts in 1901 numbered 25,058,355, and of rural districts 7,469,488; in 1911, 28,162,936 and 7,907,556. In 1851 the percentage of population in urban districts in England and Wales was approximately 50.2; in 1881 the actual percentage was 67.9; in 1891, 72.0; in 1901, 77.0; in 1911, 78.1. While the general increase per cent in England and Wales was 10.89 in the period 1901-11, the urban increase was 11.1 and the rural 10.2; in the period 1891-1901, the urban increase was 15.2 per cent, and the rural 2.9 per cent. England and Wales had at the 1911 census, 97 urban districts (including the administrative county of London as one district) with a population exceeding 50,000 each. The inhabitants of these districts in 1891 numbered 13,779,848; in 1901, 15,886,874; in 1911, 17,251,009; the increase per cent in the first period being 15.3, and in the second 8.3. London (that is, the administrative county, embracing 74,816 acres, or 117 square miles) had, in 1911, 4,521,685 inhabitants, as compared with 4,536,267 in 1901, or a decrease of 0.3 per cent. The term, "Greater London," is used to describe the area covered by the Metropolitan and City of London police districts; this area embraces, be374 sides the administrative county of London, a wide belt of suburban towns and districts, known as the "outer ring." The outer ring had in 1901, 1,405,852 inhabitants; in 1911, 2,729,673. The area of the outer ring is 368,608 acres, or 576 square miles. Greater London embraced 443,424 acres, or 693 square miles, with 7,251,358 inhabitants in 1911, as compared with 6,581,402 in 1901 and 5,633,806 in 1891; the increase from 1891 to 1901 being 16.8 per cent, and from 1901 to 1911 10.2 per cent. In 1911 the population of the larger cities of England and Wales, after London, with percentage of increase of 1901, was as follows: Birmingham, 525,833 (0.5)—with districts annexed Nov. 9, 1911, 840,202; Liverpool, 746,421 (6.0); Manchester, 714,333 (10.8); Sheffield, 454,632 (11.1) -with districts annexed April 1, 1912, 459,916; Leeds, 445,550 (3.9); Bristol, 357,048 West Ham (in the outer ring), 289,030 (8.1); Bradford, 288,458 (3.1.); Kingston-upon-Hull, 277,991 (15.7); Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 266,603 (7.9); Nottingham, 259,904 (8.4); Stoke-onTrent, 234,534 (9.2); Salford, 231,357 (4.7); Portsmouth, 231,141 (22.3); Leicester, 227,222 (7.4); Cardiff (in Wales), 182,259 (10.9); Bolton, 180,851 (7.5); Croydon (in the outer ring), 169,551 (26.6); Willesden (in the outer ring), 154,214 (34.3); Rhondda (in Wales), 152,781 (34.3); Sunderland, 151,159 (3.5).

The population figures represent persons present; no census of the resident, or legal, population is taken in the United Kingdom, and therefore the figures above do not include British soldiers, sailors, and merchant seamen abroad. The estimated population of the United Kingdom, June 30, 1913, was 46,026,483; June 30, 1914, 46,407,037 (England and Wales, 37,302,983; Scotland, 4,728,500; Ireland, 4,375,554). The population of Great Britain and Ireland was, at different periods, as follows:

[blocks in formation]

U. K.

15,914,148 2,620,184 8,196,597 26,730,929

22,712,266 3,360,018 5,412,377 31,484,661
25,974,439 3,735,573 5,174,836 34,884,848
29,002,525 4,025,647 4,704,750 37,732,922

32,527,843 4,472,103 4,458,775 41,458,721

36,070,492 4,760,904 4,390,219 45,221,615

The following table shows the percentage of population in the several divisions and, in the last two columns, the percentage of increase in the decennial periods 1891-1901 and 1901-11:

England Wales

Scotland

Ireland

* Decrease.

1841 1891 1901 1911 '91-'01 '01-'11
56.1 72.8 74.3
75.3 12.1 10.5
3.4 4.0 4.1 4.5 13.3 18.1
9.8 10.7 10.8 10.5 11.1 6.4
30.7 12.5 10.8 9.7 *5.2 *1.7

In England and Wales, the increase per cent by births in the period 1901-11 was 28.56; decrease by deaths, 16.13; natural increase, 12.43.

(5.3);

A large part of the population increase in Scotland from 1901 to 1911 was in the suburbs of Glasgow. The larger municipal boroughs, with 1911 population and increase per cent over 1901, are: Glasgow, 784,455 (1.1); Edinburgh, 320,315 (0.9); Dundee, 165,006 (1.2)—in 1913, Broughty Ferry, which had 11,058 inhabitants

« PreviousContinue »