Bryan, W. J., and Labor,
110.
Bureau of Labor, 78.
and the Civil War, 67.
Central labor unions, origin
of, 49.
Chinese question, 77, 78.
Citizenship, education in, 42.
Civil War, and labor, 65.
Clayton act, 112.
Closed shop, 22, attitude of
I. W. W. toward, 146.
Collective bargaining, origin
of, 19; trade agreements,
93.
Combinations in restraint of
trade, 32. See Conspiracy.
Communists, and free land,
59; experiments in, 60; or-
ganization, 137; anar-
chism and, 139; the gov-
ernment and, 164.
Conference, labor, (1919), 5.
Conspiracy, trials for, 27,
28, 52.
Constitution of United
States, effect on labor
movement, 11.
Co-operation, unionists and,
75; Knights of Labor and,
124; anarchism and, 140.
Courts, conflicts of labor
with, 27, 28, 52. See In-
junction.
Craft unionism. See Trade Illiteracy, Labor attacks on,
Immigration, effect on labor,
3, 57; contract labor law,
71.
Independence, American, ef-
fect on labor, 11.
Intellectuals, and labor, 6,
42, 62-3, 78.
International, The, 131; The
Black, 141; The Red, 144;
Labor Conference (1919),
160.
I. W. W. See Industrial
Workers of the World.
Jacksonian democracy, 35.
Jeffersonian democrats, 28.
Knights of Labor, character
of, 116; philosophy of,
117; conflict with the
American Federation, 120;
decline of, 123; co-opera-
tion among, 125.
Land, effect on labor move-
ment, 3; public, 58, 71.
Legislation, early labor, 45.
See American Federation
of Labor, Knights of La-
bor, American Labor
Party.
Loco Focos, 56.
tries, in Socialist program,
127; in war time, 156; de-
mand for by organized la-
bor, 163, 167.
National Labor Union, The,
72 ff.
National unions, rise of, 63;
growth of, 69.
Native American party, 57.
Negro, and wage labor, 66;
and organized labor, 76.
New Harmony, colony of,
Pan-American Labor Confer-
ence, 162.
Panics, and labor, 54, 55;
of 1857, 65; of 1873, 81;
of 1892, 90.
Patent law, 15.
Peace, The Treaty of, and
labor, 158.
Pinkerton detective system,
123.
Plumb plan, The, 168.
Political action, and labor,
33 ff.; origin of, 34; ex-
tent of, 35; philosophy of,
36; program of, 37; re-
sults of, 44; effects of, 47;
second phase, 55; in the
seventies, 83; revival of, in
1919, 165.
Politics, effect on unions, 47.
Powderly, Terence, 118.
Pullman strike, 108.
Press, labor, 69.
Radicals, early, 43; and la-
bor, 57; and American
Federation, 92.
Railway brotherhoods, 101.
Reconstruction, American
Federation program of, 162
Republicans, 66; and Ameri
can labor, 109.
Revolution,
definition of,
113; in labor world, 116.
ff.; Russian, effect of, 157.
Sherman anti-trust law, 111.
Skidmore, Thomas, 43.
Slavery, effect on labor move-
ment, 4, 65.
Socialism,
early 'American,
60; the Utopians, 128;
Marxism, 130; origin in
America, 131; and Ameri-
can Federation, 134.
See Socialists.
Socialists, 74; Social Demo-
cratic party, 119; Socialist
Labor Party, 134; Social-
ist Party, 135.
Sorge, F. A., 132.
Strikes, early, 21; later, 52,
64; of the I. W. W., 147.
Suffrage, manhood, in Amer-
ica, 3; woman, 43.
Sylvis, W H., 64, 69; 74.
Tactics, labor, 19 ff.
Tammany Hall, 56.
Tariff, origin and relation to
labor, 14.
Ten hour day, 38.
Trade agreement, 93. See
collective bargaining.
Trade union, origin of, 10,
16; creation of central bod-
ies, 49; women and, 49;
revival of, in the forties,
63; national unions, 50,
51-69, 87.
Trusts, effect on labor, 4, 90.
See trade agreement.
Unionism, See trade unions.
United States, economic pe-
culiarities of, 2; suffrage
struggle for working men
in, 2.
Versailles, peace of, 5.
Violence, and labor, 82.
Wages, early schedules of,
20; and apprenticeship, 24;
minimum, 25; of women,
48.
Walking delegate, origin of,
War, The Civil, and labor,
65; effect on labor, 67; and
prices, 67; the World, ef-
fect on industry, 150; and
organized labor, 151 ff.;
legislation, 152; strikes,
155; peace treaty, 158; la-
bor in modern, 6.
War Labor Board, 153.
War Labor Polices Board,
153.
Women: in labor movement,
76; and unionism, 49;
later organization of, 97.
Women's International Labor
Conference (1919), 160.
Women's Trade Union
League, 97.
Wright, Frances, 129.
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