or larynx. The most frequent cause is disease of the tonsils. The tonsils may not be very much diseased, and yet, if examined carefully with a bent probe, diseased crypts will often be found, forming blind pouches, through which infection may take place.

RELATION OF PHYSICIANS TO DENTISTS.- Dr. John S. Marshall, U. S. Army, in a paper read by Dr. Alexander R. Craig at the recent meeting of the American Academy of Medicine, considered the subject from the professional and ethical standpoints. He quoted definitions of physician, medicine, surgery, dentist, and dentistry. Exception was taken to the definition of dentistry and the following offered: "That department of medicine and surgery which relates to the study of the diseases, injuries, and irregularities of the teeth, their treatment and preservation, the replacing of lost teeth by artificial substitutes, and the treatment of the diseases, injuries, and deformities of the oral cavity, the jaws, and the accessory sinuses." The education of the dentist is comparable to that of the physician, and the dental surgeon may be classed as a specialist in medicine. From the ethical standpoint the same claim holds for the true dentist.

GONORRHEAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.- Oliver (Therapeutic Review, January 1904) states that in early cases of gonorrheal conjunctivitis fatal or indifferent ocular results will be avoided by the following treatment:

1. Free, gentle, and repeated cleansing of the surface of the infected tissues with sterile water applied through a bulb syringe by an experienced nurse.

2. Early obtainment and maintenance of full pupilary dilatation, with the removal of all undue iridic and ciliary muscle action by means of atropine, or, when necessary, scopolamine, supplemented by atropine.

3. Lowering the invading micro-organisms' vitality by the constant use of iced compresses, which however must not be applied to eyes which such treatment would injure.

4. Maintenance of the organs' vitality, especially where there are trophic disturbances, as in corneal involvement, by the topical application of heat.

5. Destruction of the intruding floral germ-cell material with the least possible disturbance to faunal cells of involved part by gently patting the exposed areas of the palpebral mucous structures with weak solution of nitrate of silver.

6. Isolation of patient and protection of unaffected eye.

7. Support and improvement of patient's general condition by copious ingestion of easily digested and assimilable foodstuffs, by the graded but copious internal use of sterile water, strict emunctorial hygiene, and organic corrective when needed.

8. Skilled nursing, as long as examination shows presence of gonococci germ.

These rules must be closely adhered to until some days after examination has shown that the gonococcal infection has been completely eradicated.

THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF LEUKOCYTOSIS.-Fernand Bezancon and Marcel Labbe (Gaz. des Hopitaux, June 6, 1903) state that polynuclear hyperleukocytosis is the rule in acute suppuration; this fact is of value in the diagnosis of appendicitis and of pelvic suppurations. In a patient suffering from fever with a typhoid state, the demonstration of leukocytosis with polynucleosis would point to some frankly inflammatory process, and exclude typhoid or miliary tuberculosis. Malaria gives a mononuclear hypoleukocytosis. In cachetic conditions, not accompanied by fever, the presence of polynuclear hyperleukocytosis with anemia may lead to a diagnosis of cancer. In the differential diagnosis of ganglionic tuberculosis, lympho sarcoma, and simple lymphadenitis, an examination of the blood is of the greatest value; the last-named affection alone showing a normal number of leukocytes with predominance of mononuclears.-Medical Record.

CHANGES IN THE PULSE DUE TO STIMULATION OF SPECIAL SENSES. The effect on the pulse of stimulating the senses of hearing, taste, and smell has been carefuly studied by M. Heitler. The sphygmograph showed a distinct acceleration in the pulse rate of ward patients when a noisy street car passed the windows, and the same effect was also observed when other sounds were

produced. It was found that a clanging sound was followed by a greater acceleration than that produced by other disturbances, and, moreover, that high notes had more effect than deep tones. Tests made on the sense of smell showed that vinegar and camphorated oil produced an increase, whereas turpentine, alcohol. and benzine' were followed by a depression in the pulse rate. Concentrated solutions of various substances placed on the tongue disclosed that sugar and salt produced an acceleration, vinegar and quinine a depression in the pulse. These observations were made in over two hundred patients.-Centralblatt fur innere Medizin.

A NEW STAIN FOR THE MALARIAL PARASITE.-Josef Koreck (Deut. med. Woch., April 23, 1903) gives the following stain for the malarial parasite: Argentum methylene blue, I g..; aceton, 2 g.; distilled water, 10cc.; eosin, 8 to 1.5 g. The argentum methylene blue is made by adding .5 g. of collargol to 100 cc. of a I per cent. aqueous solution of methylene blue. The smear is fixed by any of the usual methods and submitted to the action of the stain for a varying length of time depending upon the age of the staining solution. If the latter has been freshly prepared nearly one-half an hour is necessary, but if it has been allowed to age a much shorter time will suffice. In any given instance the proper time can only be ascertained by repeated trials. The advantage of the method is the sharp differentiation given by it betwen the red blood cells and the parasites, so that when the latter are ill defined with other methods they are plainly brought out by this one.-Medical Record.

THE ETIOLOGY OF AFFECTIONS OF THE LEFT HEART IN CHILDHOOD.-L. Concetti (La Riforma Medica, March 11, 1903) concludes from his researches that acute polyarticular rheumatism is the most frequent cause of acquired cardiopathies. In children endocarditis from rheumatism or other infections is more rare than in adults. The majority of cardiopathies in children which are supposed to be acquired, are really the result of arrested or faulty embryonal development, exhibited before birth or in the first years of extrauterine life.-American Journal of Obstetrics.

LISTERINE

SUMMER

in

COMPLAINT

The absolute safety of Listerine, its well defined antiseptic power, and the readiness with which it lends itself to combination with other indicated remedies, are properties which have led many physicians to adopt Listerine as the antiseptic foundation of their prescriptions for Summer Complaint.

3A 2-page pamphlet on this subject, containing many valu able suggestions for treatment, may be had on application.

Summer Complaints

of Infants and Children

Lambert Pharmacal Co., St. Louis

M. et ft. tabellæ No. 48. Sig. One after meals. Indications. Of value in anæmia which does not yield to other hæmatics.

Ex.

ACNE ROSACEA.

J. E. Lockridge (Med. World) cured a case of acne rosacea of twelve years' standing, the prominent red nose, not alcholic in this case, with the following prescription:

R Lac sulphur,
Camphor,
Tragacanth,

Rose water,

3 j.

aa gr. x.
3 iv.

M. Sig. Apply night and morning. Leave on

night, and apply early in the morning and wash off before going t-The Med. Standard.