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The British Journal of Psychology

Edited by JAMES WARD and W. H. R. RIVERS.

With the Collaboration of A. KIRSCHMANN, W. MCDOUGALL, C. S. MYERS, A. F. SHAND, C. S. SHERRINGTON, W. G. SMITH.

NOW READY. Vol. I. Part 3. January, 1905. Price Be. not.

CONTENTS.

SMITH, NORMAN. Malebranche's Theory of the Percep
tion of Distance and Magnitude. (One Figure).

HALES, F. N. Materials for the Psycho-genetic Theory of
Comparison.

SMITH, W. G. A Comparison of some Mental and Physical
Tests in their application to Epileptic and to
Normal Subjects. (One Figure).

CALKINS, MARY WHITON. The limits of Genetic and of
Comparative Psychology.

SPEARMAN, C. Analysis of 'Localisation,' illustrated by a
Brown-Séquard case. (Eleven Diagrams).

The Journal will be issued in parts at irregular intervals. Four parts will (usually) constitute a volume of about 450 pages Royal 8vo. The price to subscribers, payable in advance, will be 155. net per volume (post free). The price of single numbers will depend on the size of each number.

Subscribers may send their names to any Bookseller or to the Cambridge University Press Warehouse, Ave Maria Lane, London, E. C.

Papers for publication should be sent to Professor WARD, 6, Selwyn Gardens, Cambridge, or to Dr. W. H. R. RIVERS, St. John's College, Cambridge.

London: Cambridge University Press Warehouse, Ave Maria Lane.

C. F. CLAY, Manager.

CONTENTS.

The Morphology of the Vertebrate Head from the Viewpoint of the Functional Divisions of the Nervous System. By J. B. JOHNSTON. (From the Zoological Laboratory of West Virginia University.) With Plates I to IV.

Literary Notices.

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THE JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY is published bi-monthly. The annual volume of six numbers comprises about 500 pages, with plates and text-figures. The subscription price is $4.00 a year, strictly net (foreign subscription, $4.30, 18 s., M. 18, 22 fr., L. 22), postage prepaid.

Authors receive 50 reprints of their papers gratis and additional copies are supplied at cost. All MSS. and matter for review relating to the Structure of the Nervous System and all business correspondence should be addressed to the MANAGING EDITOR AT DENISON UNIVERSITY, GRANVILLE, OHIO. Editorial Matter relating to Comparative Psychology and the Physiology of the Nervous System should be sent directly to DR. ROBERT M. YERKES, PSYCHOLOGICAL LABORATORY, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, Mass.

Entered as second-class matter in the Postoffice at Granville, O.

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J. MARK BALDWIN, Johns Hopkins University
FRANK W. BANCROFT, University of California
LEWELLYS F, BARKER, University of Chicago
H. HEATH BAWDEN, Vassar College
ALBRECHT BETHE, University of Strassburg
G. E COGHILL, Pacific University
FRANK J. COLE, University of Liverpool
H. E. CRAMPTON, Columbia University
C. B. DAVENPORT, University of Chicago
WM, HARPER DAVIS, Lehigh University
HENRY H. DONALDSON, University of Chicago
LUDWIG EDINGER, Frankfurt a-M.

8. I. FRANZ, McLean Hospital, Waverley, Mass.
THOMAS H. HAINES, Ohio State University
A. VAN GEHUCHTEN, University of Louvain
R. G. HARRISON, Johns Hopkins University
C. F. HODGE, Clark University

8. J. HOLMES, University of Michigan
EDWIN B. HOLT, Harvard University
G. CARL HUBER, University of Michigan
JOSEPH JASTROW, University of Wisconsin
J. B. JOHNSTON, West Virginia University

B. F. KINGSBURY, Cornell University
FREDERIC S. LEE, Columbia University
JACQUES LOEB, University of California
E. P. LYON, 8t. Louis University

ADOLF MEYER, N. Y. State Pathological Inst.
THOS. H. MONTGOMERY, Jr., Univ. of Texas
WESLEY MILLS, McGill University

C. LLOYD MORGAN, University College, Bristol
T. H. MORGAN, Columbia University
A. D. MORRILL, Hamilton College
HUGO MUENSTERBERG, Harvard University
W. A. NAGEL, University of Berlin
G. H. PARKER, Harvard University
STEWART PATON, Johns Hopkins University
RAYMOND PEARL, University of Michigan
C. W. PRENTISS, Western Reserve University
C. 8. SHERRINGTON, University of Liverpool
G. ELLIOT SMITH, Gov't. Medical School, Cairo
EDWARD L. THORNDIKE, Columbia University
JOHN B. WATSON, University of Chicago
W. M. WHEELER, Am. Museum of Nat. History
C. O. WHITMAN, University of Chicago

Published bi-monthly

DENISON UNIVERSITY, GRANVILLE, OHIO

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REACTIONS OF FROGS IN NATURE TO SOUNDS.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOUNDS ON REACTIONS TO OTHER STIMULI

1. Influence of sounds on respiration and visual reactions

2.

Influence of sounds on tactual reactions.

HEARING OF FROGS IN AIR AND IN WATER

THE RANGE OF HEARING

RELATION OF THE EAR TO REACTION TO SOUND

VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

I. HISTORICAL SETTING OF SUBJECT.

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Hearing in frogs and fishes. The question of the existence of a sense of hearing in frogs is not, as in fishes, an historical problem. For while the question, Do they hear? has been asked repeatedly concerning fishes, and answered as often with 'No' as with 'Yes', students of sense-physiology and animal behavior have assumed, without investigation, that frogs are stimulated.by sound. This unquestioning belief in the existence of hearing in frogs is doubtless due to the presence of a prominent ear drum and the ability to produce sounds. Frogs differ from fishes, with respect to the structure of the ear, in that they possess an ear-drum together with a bone which con

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