Woof, n. WOOF Threads that cross the warp in weaving; weft. Wool, n. The fleece of sheep; short, thick, crispy hair. Wool'en (13)), a. Consisting of, or pertaining to, wool. Wool'fell, n. A skin with the wool on. Wool'i-ness, H. State or quality of being wooly. Wool'ly, a. Consisting of, or resembling, wool. Wool-såck, n. A sack of wool; seat of the Lord Chancellor of England in the House of Lords. Word (wûrd), n. Spoken or written sign of an idea; a termi; vocable; message; promise; token; tidings; the Scriptures. v. t. To express in words. Word'i-ness (wûrd/-), n. Verbosity; verbiage. Word'ing (wûrd'ing), n. Manner of expressing in words. Word'y (wurd'ỹ), a. Using many words; verbose. Wōre, imp. of Wear. Work (wark), v. i. [imp. & p. p. WORKED; WROUGHT.] To labor; to operate; to act; to strain; to toil; to ferment. -v. t. To prepare or form by labor; to effect; to embroider.n. Labor; toil; employment; a book; any thing made. [who works. Work'er (wûrk'er), n. One Work'-house (wûrk-), n. A house for employing the idle or poor; almshouse. [tion. Work'ing (wûrk/-), n. OperaWork'man (ûrk/-, 143), n. A worker; a skilled laborer. Work'man-like (wûrk/-) a. Work'man-ly Becoming a skillful workman; skillful. Work'man-ship (wûrk'-), n. Work done; manufacture; manner of making; skill. Work'shop (wûrk-), n. A shop where work is done. World (wûrld, n. The earth; globe; universe; mankind; all which the earth contains. World'li-ness (wûrld/-), n. State of being worldly; inordinate love of earthly things. World'ling (wûrld/-), n. One devoted to worldly things. World'ly (wûrld/-), a. Relat ing to this world; devoted to worldly enjoyments. Worm (warm), n. Any small, creeping insect; a grub; a reptile; any thing spiral and cylindrical. v. i. To work Worm'-eat'en (wûrm/-), a. Gnawed by worms. Worm'wood (wûrm/-), n. A plant having a bitter taste. Worm'y (warm/-), a. Abounding with worms; like a worm. Worn, p. p. of Wear. [ries. Wor'ri-er, n. One who worWor'ry (wur'rỹ, 135), e. t. To harass with importunity, anxiety, or labor. - SYN. To tease; trouble; vex. n. Vexation; anxiety; trouble. Worse (wûrss), a. More bad. - N. A more evil state. ade. In a manner more evil. Wor'ship (wûr/ship), n. Religious homage; adoration; a title of honor. v. t. or i. (130) To pay divine honors to; to adore. Wor'ship-er (wûr'ship-), n. One who worships. Wor'ship-ful (war-), a. Worthy of honor from character. Wor'ship-ful-ly (war/ship-) ade. With worship or honor. Worst (wûrst), a. Most vile or wicked; most difficult. n. The most evil or distressing state. v. t. To defeat; to overthrow. Worst'ed (wust'ed), n. [From the town of Worsted, in England.] Yarn from combed and long staple wool.-a. Consisting of worsted. [herb. Wort (wart), n. A plant; an Worth (wûrth), v. i. To be; as, woe worth the day. Value; desert; merit. Wor'thi-ly (war/-), adv. as to deserve well; suitably. Wor'thi-ness (wûr/-), -n. So n. Worth; desert; merit. Worth'less (wûrth'-), a. IIaving no worth or value. Worth'less-ness (wûrth/-), n. Quality of being worthless. Wor'thy (wûr/thy), a. laving worth; deserving ; excellent; meritorious. — n. A man of eminent worth. Wŏt, v. To know; to be aware. [Obs. or antiquated.] Would (wood), imp. of Will. Wound (woond or wownd), n. A hurt; a cut; a bruise. v. t. To hurt or bruise.imp. of Wind. Wōve, imp. of Weave. Wov'en, p. p. of Weave. Wrån'gle (răng/gl), n. angry dispute. v. i. To dispute angrily or noisily. An who wrangles. Wrap (rap, 129), v. t. To roll or fold together; to involve. Wrap'per (răp/per), n. One who, or that which, wraps; a cover. [ering. Wrap'ping (răp/-), n. A covWrath (rath), æ. Violent anger or exasperation. SYN. Fury; age; passion; resentment; indignation. Wräth'ful (räth'-), a. Angry; enraged; incensed; furious. Wräth'ful-ly, adv. In а wrathful manner. Wräth'ful-ness, n. State of being wrathful. [gry. Wräth'y (räth'-), a. Very anWreak (reek), v. t. To execute by way of revenge; to inflict. Wreath reeth, 96), n. Some thing twisted; a garland. Wreathe (reeth), v. t. To twist; to entwine. Wreath'y (reetly), a. Twisted; curled; spiral. Wrěck (rěk), t. 1. To destroy or damage, as a vessel, by driving on the shore or on rocks, &c.; to strand; to suffer total loss or destruction. -n. Destruction by sea; any thing wrecked; ruin. Wreck'er (rčk'er), n. One who causes a wreck; one who searches for wrecks. Wren (ren), n. A small bird. Wrench (rench), v. t. To pull One with a twist; to wrest.-n. A violent twist; a sprain; an instrument for turning bolts, nuts, &c. Wrěst (rěst), v. t. To take from by force; to distort.n. Violent perversion. Wrěs'tle (rěs/1), v. i. To grapple and struggle; to strive. Wres'tler (res'ler), n. skilled in wrestling. Wrěst'ling (res/ling), n. A wrestle; a struggle; contention. Wretch (rěch), n. A miserable person; a vile knave. Wrětch'ed (rech'ed, 57), a. Very miserable. - SYN. Unhappy; afflicted; worthless. Wretch'ed-ly (rěch/ed-), adv. Miserably. Wrětch'ed-ness (rěch'ed-), n. Misery. Wrig'gle (rig/gl), v. i. Το move to and fro with short motions. v. t. To move by twisting and squirming. Wrig'gler (rig/-), n. One who wriggles. WRIGHT Wright (rit), n. A workman. [ Wring (ring), v. t. [imp. & p. p. WRUNG.] To twist; to strain; to distress; to extort. Wring'er (ring/-), n. One who wrings; a machine for wringing clothes after they have been washed. Wrink'le (rink/l), n. A crease; a ridge; a furrow. - v. i. or t. To contract into furrows. Wrist (rist), n. Joint connecting the hand and arm. Wrist'band (rist/-), n. The part of a sleeve that covers the wrist. Writ (rit), n. A writing; the Scriptures; a legal instrument or process. Write (rit), v. t. [imp. WROTE; p. p. WRITTEN.] To form, as letters and words, 337 with a pen; to inscribe; to compose. Writ'er (rīt/er), n. One who writes; an author. Writhe (rith), v. t. or i. twist; to distort or be torted. To dis YEOMANRY Wrong'ful-ly (rõng'-), adv. Unjustly. Wrong'-head'ed (rŏng/-), a. Wrong in opinion; perverse. Wrongly (rong'-), adv. Injuriously; unjustly; amiss. Wrote (rōt, 18), imp. of Write. Writ'ing (rīt'ing, 133), n. Act Wrôth (rawth), a. Full of of one who writes; that which is written; a manuscript; a deed; a book; an inscription, Writ'ten (rit/tn), a. Expressed in letters. wrath; very angry; greatly exasperated. Wrought (rawt), imp. & p. p. Formed by labor; effected; worked. [of Wring. Wrung (rung), imp. & p. p. Wrỹ (rī, 135), a. Twisted; distorted; deviating from the right direction. Wry'neck (ri'-), n. A small bird allied to the wood-peck er. Wry'ness (rī-, 135), n. State or quality of being wry. X. XANTHI€ (zǎn'-), a. Yel- Xy-lographer (-), n. lowish. on wood. An Xe'bee (za'bek, 127), n. A Xy/lo-graph'ic (zi'-), a. YACHT (yot), n. A seagoing vessel for pleasuretrips, racing, &c. Yacht'ing (yot/ing), n. Sailing on pleasure excursions in a yacht. [its edible root. Tăm, n. A tropical plant and Yan'kee (140), n. A New-Englander; a citizen of the Northern States. Yap, v. i. To bark; to yelp. Yard, n. Measure of three feet; an inclosure; a long, slender piece of timber by which a sail is extended. [yard. Yärd'-ärm, n. Half of a ship's Yärd'-stick, n. A stick Yärd'-wand, J three feet in length, used as a measure. Yärn, n. Spun wool, flax, or cotton; a story spun out. Yǎr'row, n. A plant having a strong smell and taste. Yaw, n. Temporary deviation of a vessel from her course. Y. v. i. To deviate from the line of her course, as a ship. Yawl, n. A small ship's boat, usually rowed with four or six oars. v. i. To yell, as a dog. [of gaping. Yawn, v. i. To gape. -n. Act Y-clěped' (i-klěpt'), p. p. Called; named. Ye, pron. Plural of Thou. Yea (or ye), adv. Yes; verily ; certainly; ay. [as lambs. Yean, v. i. ort. To bring forth, Yean'ling, n. A young sheep. Year, n. Time occupied by the earth in revolving around the sun; twelve calendar months, or 365 days. [old. Year'ling, n. A beast a year Year'ly, a. Annual; coming every year.adv. Annually; once a year. Yearn, v. i. [A.-S. geornan, from georn, desirous.] To feel earnest desire; to long. Yearn'ing, n. Strong desire. Yeast, n. Froth of fermenting beer or liquor; barm. Yeast'y, a. Foamy, like yeast. Yělk, n. Yellow part of an egg. Yěll (123), v. i. To utter & sharp, loud outcry.-n. A sharp, loud outcry. Yellow, a. Being of the color of gold or brass. n. A bright gold color. Yěl'low Fe'ver. A malignant fever, attended with yellowness of the skin. [yellow. Yěl'low-ish, a. Moderately Yellow-ness, n. Quality of being yellow. Yěl'lows, n. pl. Jaundice in horses, &c.; a disease of peach-trees. [a dog. Yelp, v. i. To bark shrilly, as Yeō'man (143), n. A freeholder: a man free-born. Yeo'man-ry, n. The collective body of yeomen. ZYMOTIC a. Youn'ger (yung'ger), a. Not Your (122), possessive pron. -used emphatically. Youth, n. The early part of life; a young person; young persons collectively. Youth'ful, a. Young; fresh; vigorous; pertaining to youth. Youth'ful-ly, adv. In a youthful manner. Youth'ful-ness, n. of being youthful. Yule (27), n. The state Christmas. (140), n. A small quadruped, called also the Indian bull, ox, or cow. Zěd'o-a-ry, n. A fragrant, aromatic medicinal substance. Zē'nith, n. That point in the heavens which is directly overhead; greatest height. Zěph'yr, n. A gentle west wind. Ze'ro (pl. Zē'ros. 140), n. The cipher, 0; point from which a thermometer is graduated. Zěst, n. Orange peel cut thin; a relish; taste. v. t. give a flavor to. Zig'zǎg, a. Having frequent To Zodiac. twelve constellations or signs. Zo-di'ae-al, a. Pertaining to, or being within, the zodiac. One Zone, n. of five great climatic divisions of the earth; a girdle; circumference. Zo-Ŏg'rapher, n. One who describes animals, their habits, &c. Zo/o-graph'ie-al, a. Relating to the description of animals. Zone. a, e, i, o, u, y, long; a, e, i, o, u, y, short; câre, cär, ask, all, what; êre, veil, term; pique, firm; PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY OF GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. RULES FOR PRONOUNCING THE VOWELS AND CONSONANTS OF GREEK AND LATIN PROPED RULES FOR THE VOWELS. NAMES. 8. G before e, i, y, æ, æ, or another g fol1. Any vowel at the end of an accented sylla- lowed by e, has the sound of j; before a, o, and ble, and e, o, and u, at the end of an unac-u, and before consonants other than g, as above cented syllable, have the long English sound; excepted, the hard sound, as in the English as, Calto, Celcrops, Dildo, So'lon, Cu'mæ, Me- words gave, gone; as Gello, Gi-gantes, Gylis'sa, Mo-los'sus, Tu-lin'gi; in which words gælus, Ag'ger; Ga/bi-i, Gor'gi-as, Sa-gun'tum. the final vowels of the first syllables have the 9. Ch has the sound of k, but it is silent besame sound as the corresponding vowels in the fore a mute consonant at the beginning of a first syllables of the English words pa'per, cel-word; as, Chthonia, pronounced Tho'ni-a. dar, silent, colon, duty. 2. A ending an unaccented syllable has the sound of a in fa'ther or in last; as, Ga-bi'na, A-re'ne, pronounced Gah-bi'nah, Ah-re'ne. 3. I ending a final syllable has the long sound, as To'mi. At the end of initial unaccented syllables it varies, somewhat indefinitely, between i long, as I-u'lus, and i short (like i in pin), as in I-ta'li-a. In all other cases i ending an unaccented syllable has its short sound, as in pin. 10. T, s, and c, before ia, ie, ii, io, iu, and eu, preceded immediately by the accent, in Latin words, as in English, change into sh and zh. But when the t follows s, t, or z, or when the accent falls on the first of the vowels following, the consonant preserves its pure sound; as, Sal-lus'ti-us, Brut'ti-i, Mil-ti'a-des, &c. T in the termination tion also retains its original sound; as, The-o-do'ti-on. 11. Shas; in general, the sound of s in this. Final s preceded by e, or a liquid, has the 4. Y is pronounced as i would be in the same sound of z. situation. 5. E and a are pronounced as e would be in the same situation. 6. If a syllable end in a consonant, the vowel has the short English sound; as, Bal'bus, Dellphi, Cin'na, Mos'chus, Tus/cus, in which the vowels have the same sounds as in the English words man'ner, sel'dom, dinner, scoffer, mus ter. 12. Initial x has the sound of z. 13. Initial ph before a mute is silent; as, Phthila, pronounced Thi'a. Initial p before s is silent; as, Psyche, pronounced Sy'ke. Initial p before t is silent; as Ptol-e-mæ'us, pronounced Tol-e-mæ'us. 14. At the beginning of words we frequently find the uncombinable consonants mn, tm, &c.; as, Mne-mos'y-ne, Tmollus, &c. These Ein final es is pronounced as are to be pronounced with the first consoin the familiar proper name An'des. nant mute, as if written Ne-mos'y-ne, Moʻlus, & c. EXCEPTION. RULES FOR THE CONSONANTS. 7. C before e, i, y, æ, and æ, is pronounced like s; before a, o, and u, and before consonants, like k; as Cela, Cicle-ro, Cyprus, Calsar, Calli-a, Ca'to, Co'cles, Cu/mæ. REMARK. 1. The termination eus, derived from the third declension of Greek contracts in eùs, although usually made a single syllable in poetry, is resolved into two syllables in the (339) 340 GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. Table. This is also done by Walker and Trol- | each for himself must judge whether to adhere lope, and it is defended by Labbe and Curr. to the classical pronunciation or not. The other syllabication, by which eus has the sound of use, as in the noun abuse, is also given. 2. The names in Italics are the Anglicized forms of the classical names above them; and 3. Diacritical marks are used, in this Vocabulary, to indicate the soft sounds of c, g, and s, in some cases, as in E-ac'i-des, E-geri-a, A-chil'les; also, when n has the sound of ng, as in Ancho-x. The abbreviations Pw., F., K., Pe., Fac., S., | Walker, Müller, and Frijlink. Py., C., L., Lid., B., For., Sch., W., M., and Fr., stand, respectively, for the following authorities, viz., Passow, Freund, Klotz, Pape, Facciolati, Smith, Pauly, Carr, Labbe, Liddell & Scott, Bischoff & Möller, Forbiger, Scheller, The figures which follow certain words in the Vocabulary refer to corresponding Rules of Pronunciation. The figure 6, for example, appended to Abantes, refers to Rule 6, which shows that the vowel in the last syllable has its long English sound. Æs/chi-nes, 6 A-le-us (a-le/yus) A-na/cre-on trum Am/phi-tri'te Am-phit/ry-on (Am'a-zon) A-maz/o-ne:, 6 (Am'a-zons) Am/a-zo'ni-a Am-bro'si-us, 10 (Am/brose) Am/mi-a'nus Am-phic/ty-on, Pw. Fr. An'dro-cles, 6 An-drog'y-næ An-drom/a-che An-drom/e-da An/dro-ni'cus An-droph/a-gi An'thro-poph'a-ģi An-tig/o-ne An-tig/o-nus Am/phic-ty'o-nes, An-tin/o-ne Al-ces'te, or Al- Am/phi-the-a' An-ti'o-pe An/ni-bal An-te'nor An'ti-lib'a-nus An-til/o-chus An-tim/a-chus An-ti/o-chus (An'ti-och) Am-phit/ry-o-ni'a- An-tip/o-lis A-myn/tas [deg, 6 An-tis/the-neg, 6 L. C. W. An-tip/o-deg, 6 An/ti-um, 10 An-to/ni-a An-to-ni'nus An-to/ni-us |