A Genuine AcCOUNT of New BOOKS, published from the Fourteenth Day of October, to the Fourteenth Day of November. ΤΗ 1. HE Chemical Works of Cafpar Neumann, M. D. Profeffor of Chemistry at Berlin, F. R. S. &c. abridged and methodized. With large Additions, containing the later Difcoveries and Improvements made in Chemiftry and the Arts depending therean, by William Lewis, M. B. and Fellow of the Royal Society. London; printed for W. Jobnflon in Ludgate-ftreet, G. Keith in Gracechurch-ftreet; A. Linde in Catherine-freet; P. Davey and B. Law in Ave-maria-lane; T. Field in Cheapfide; T. Caflon near Stationers-Hall, and E. Dilly in the Poultry, 1759. Price This Work is printed in Quarto, and contains 586 Pages. In the Preface the fol lowing Account is given of the Author and bis Works. The Editor of Neumann's Chemical Lectures published at Zullicbou, has prefixed to them a minute Detail of the Author's Life, in which we are informed, of his being early received into the Favour of the King of Pruffia; of his travelling at his Majef ty's Expence, to get acquainted with the chemical Arts, and Bufineffes carried on in different Parts of Europe; of his being entertained in this Progrefs by Men of the moft diftinguished Abilities in the feveral Branches of natural Knowledge; of his Advancement to the public Profefforship, the Direction of the Royal Elaboratory and Apotheca at Berlin. How much he availed himself from thefe uncommon Advantages is evident from his Writings, which were printed and publifhed in the Pbilofopbical Tranfactions of the Royal Society of London. -In the Ephemerides, or Acta Phyficomedica, Academia Cæfareæ naturæ curioforum.In the Miscellanea Berolinenfia; and feparately in Germany ; -of which he has given a Catalogue. Neumann's Lectures, fays the Editor, are a valuable Magazine of chemical Knowledge. The Author, biaffed by no Theory, and attached to no Ópinion, has enquired, VOL. IH, by Experiment, into the Properties and Ufes of the most confiderable, natural and artificial Productions, and the Preparations of the principal Commodities which depend on Chemistry, and seems to have candidly and without Referve, communicated all he difcovered, which the Editor fays, has been revifed, abridged and improved, with Notes. There is a Table of the Contents of this Work prefixed, and a large Index annexed to the Whole. As a Specimen of the Language and Manner in which the Subjects are treated of we shall give an Extract from p. 378. of COFFEE. Coffee is originally the Produce of Arabia, and was not known in Europe till the Year 1650: It is now cultivated alfo in Perfia, in the Eaft-Indies, particularly the Iland Java, and in America. It is raifed likewife in Botanic Gardens in different Parts of Europe, but not without Shelter and artificial Heat: Prince Eugene's noble Garden at Vienna produced Coffee more than fufficient for his own Confumption. The Tree is usually small, though sometimes it rifes to the Height of twenty, thir ty, and even forty Feet: It is an Evergreen, and at all Seafons of the Year is found loaded with Flowers and Fruit. The Flower is highly odoriferous, and resembles that of the Jafmine, of which the Coffeetree is held a Species: Juffieu calls it Jafminam Arabicum lauri folio, cujus femen apud nos Cafè dicitur. The Arabians name the Tree Bun, or Bon, whence, perhaps, the common Expreffion of Coffee Beans: The. dietetic Infufion prepared from the Seeds, they call Caboueb, or Coave, whence Coffee, or Caffee. The entire Fruit fomewhat refembles a Cherry: It contains, under a pulpy Skin, an oval Kernel, which feparates longitudinally into two Parts, each covered with a thin Shell, and marked with a Fur row on the flat Side where they were joined. The ripe Fruit is thoroughly dried M m in in the Sun, and heavy Wooden or StoneRollers paffed over it; by which the Seeds are parted, and the Skins, or Shells broken, fo as to be feparated by Winnowing. Three Sorts of Coffee are diftinguifhed in Trade; Arabian or Levant, Eaft Indian or Java, and Weft-Indian or Surinam Coffee: The First is the fmalleft, and of a fomewhat darker yellow Colour than the other Sorts; the Second is the largest and of the paleft yellow; the Third, of a middling Size, and in Colour greenish. The green Colour of this last may probably proceed from its coming over fresher than the others, or perhaps, from its not attaining to fuch a Degree of Maturity. All the Sorts are green in their unripe State; and even thofe, which by Maturity, or Age, have acquired the darkest yellow or brownish-Colour, give a green Tincture to Water, Two Ounces of these Seeds yielded with Water five Drams, and afterwards with Spirit twenty-fix Grains of Extract: On treating the fame Quantity first with Spirit and then with Water, the fpirituous Extract amounted to three Drams and a Half, and the watery to two Drams: The indiffoluble Refiduum weighed in both Cafes fomewhat more than ten Drams and a Half: In Distillation, rectified Spirit brings over nothing, and Water nothing confiderable. The fpirituous Extract is in Tafte the ftrongeft, and not a little naufeous: The watery is sweetish and agreeable. The peculiar Flavour, for which Coffee is admired, is communicated by roafting: Common Beans, Peas, and other farinaceous Subftances, receive from that Procefs a Amilar Flavour, and have been used as Suc-cedanea to Coffee, and fraudulently mixed, by the Venders of that Commodity, with fuch as is fold in Powder. Dillenius has given an exprefs Differtation (in the Ephem. Nat. Curiofo.) on the Subftances which in Smell and Tafte refemble Coffee; and finds that roafted Rye and roasted Almonds, come the nearest to it. Sixteen Ounces of Coffee were reduced, by roafting, to twelve Ounces: The exha. ling Vapour, caught in proper Vetfels, condenfed into a Liquor weighing four Ounces, chiefly aqueous, flightly impregnated with Acid, and with a fubtile Oil of an Empyreumatic but agreeable Smell, like that of the roafted Coffee itself. The Flavour of the roafted Seeds depends on a fimilar oily Matter, fo volatile as to be diffipated on keeping, but in too fmall Quantity to be collected in its proper Form by Diftillation, either with Water or Spirit: The distilled Water taftes and smells confi. derably of the Coffee, the distilled Spirie much lefs. Sixteen Ounces of roafted Coffee yielded feven Ounces, two Drams, two Scruples of watery, and afterwards five Drams, one Scruple of fpirituous Extract: On inverting the Procedure, I obtained from the fame Quanticy, four Ounces, four Soruples of fpirituous, and four Ounces of watery Extract: The Refiduum in both Cafes was nearly in the fame Quantity, namely, eight Ounces, or one Half of the Coffee. The fpirituous Extracts in Coffee are in Tafte naufeous: The Watery, particularly that made by applying Water at first, are fufficiently agreeable, fomewhat like that of Walnuts, with a pleasant Bitterishness. With regard to the medical Qualities of Coffee, the common Infufions, or rather Decoctions of it appear to be in general innocent; to be little difpofed to produce the ill Effects afcribed to them by fome; and to have little Claim to the extraordinary Virtues, for which they are recommended by others. Simon Paulli was the first who condemned the Ufe of Coffee as well as Tea : But his Prejudices against it are built on na better Foundation than a ridiculous History related in Olearius's Travels, London; printed for Zech. Stuart, at the Lamb, in Pater-nofter-Row, 1759. Price 26. 6d. Infcribed to the Right Honourable the Earl Temple. This Work is printed in Quarto, and contains 75 Pages. In the Preface the Author informs his Readers, "The Design of fubmitting to the Public the following Sheets is principally owing to a Variety of Afperfions thrown out upon the British Officers employed on this Expedition, by the Inhabitants of our Leeward Colonies, partly arifing from Mifreprefentations of their Conduct, and partly from from interested Views of particular People, which the Succefs of his Majesty's Arms defeated, blafting the Hopes of many, and disappointing the private Ends of all. This Work contains a Journal of the Expedition, from the latter End of October, 1758, under the Command of Capt. Hughes of the Norfolk, to the 5th of October, 1759. in which are interfperfed feveral Defcriptions of Places, Accounts of Proceedings, &c. As a Specimen of the Work, we shall give an Extract from Page 17, of St. Pi <rre's. St. Pierre's is a Place of great Trade, and notwithstanding that the English Armament was long expected in these Parts, and had been now already four Days at Port-Royal, to our great Surprize, we found on our Arrival above forty Sail of Mer. chant-men lying in the Bay. The chief Strength of the Town is the Citadel, built at the North End of it, which is regularly fortified and well defended, but was very acceffible to the Squadron at this Juncture, on Account of a westerly Wind, a Circumftance not common in this Latitude, which sprung up and blew right into the Bay till the Evening; the Shore was likewise bold, and a Depth of Water fufficient to carry in the largest of our Men of War. Several Imall Batteries were erected for the Security of Shipping in the Bay, but were fuch as would, in all Probability, have been filenc'd very foon upon an Attack. In the Citadel we discovered with our Glaffes a Battery of four large Mortars, intended to play upon the Squadron as it approached the Town. Our Author adds at the Clofe of his Account as follows, Page 73. the Situation of Virgil's Rutulian Captain, Savit atrox VOLSCENS, nec teli confpicit Autorem, nec quo fe Ardens immittere pof- III. The Law of Bills of Exchange, Promissory Notes, Bank Notes, and Infurances: Containing all the Statutes, Cafes at large, Arguments, Refolutions, Judgments, Decrees, and Cuftoms of Merchants concerning them, methodically digested. Together with Rules and Examples for computing the Exchange between England and the principal Places of Trade in Europe. Alfo the Arbitrations of Exchange fet in a clear and rational Light and illuftrated with Variety of Examples. By a Gentleman of the Middle Temple. Mifera eft Servitus, ubi Jus eft vagum aut incertum. 4 Inft. 246. London: Printed for W. Owen, near Temple-Bar, 1759. Price 6s. This Book is printed in 8vo. and contains 451 Pages, with a Preface, giving an Account of the Defign, Method, and Utility of this Work, as follows. Though we have feveral Collections of judicial Determinations on particular Subjects, as the Law of Arrefts, Awards, Corporations, Covenants, Diftreffes, &c. yet there is none concerning Bills of Exchange; which are undoubtedly Objects of fome Attention, whether we confider their great Utility, as the principal Medium of foreign and inland Commerce, or the very particular Nature of the Contract created between the Parties concerned in them. For the Covenant which paffes "between the Perfon who gives the Mo"ney, and him who undertakes to remiť ❝ticular Characters which diftinguish it "from other Kinds of Covenants that "feem to have fome Refemblance with ❝ it." Thus ended an Expedition of great Importance to the Public, and in which the English Arms acquired a Reputation even from the Enemy: The Intrepidity of the Officers who commanded, and the Refolution of the Men who obeyed, were very uncommon and remarkable, and fuch only it to another Place, hath in it fome paras a true Sense of Honour, and a true Zeal for their Sovereign, and their Country could infpire; expofed to Dangers they had never known, to Disorders they had never felt, to a Climate more fatal than the Enemy, and to a Method of Fighting they had never feen: Harraffed with perpetual Alarms, and fatigued with conftant Duty, they ftill advanced, alert in all Hours of Caution, invincible in all Hours of Attack; frequently they fuffered from concealed Fires out of the Woods, from lurking Parties of armed Negroes that could not be difcovered, and where the Officer who commanded was in To explain this Covenant, therefore, and render the Law concerning these Instruments of Trade better known and more univerfally underftcod, is the Defign of the following Sheets; which contain, not only all the Cafes in the Reporters, the Dictionary of Trade and Commerce, Lex Mercatoria Rediviva, and other Books on this Subject, but allo fuch as concern Promiffory Notes, Bank Notes and Infurances And this the Editor Mm 2 Π in the Sun, and heavy Wooden or Stone- derab he would pay it, ruled a ptance is fufficient; and an against the Acceptor thereon, the Principal; but not for Intereft and A Eke Cafe. The Words, "The two Bills of Exchange, which you fent me, I will pay, in Editor Cafe the Owners of the Queen Anne do not," whole Cafe are a fufficient Acceptance. Three Sorts of Coffee are diftinguished in Trade; Arabian or Levant, Eaft Indian t Java, and Weft-Indian or Surinam Ce The First is the fmalleft, and of what darker yellow Colour than the Sorts; the Second is the largest and paleft yellow; the Third, of a Size, and in Colour greenish. Colour of this laft may pro from its coming over freher he or perhaps, from its not a Degree of Maturity. All in their unripe State; a by Maturity, or Av darkest yellow or green Tincture to Two Ounces. Water five I Spirit twent treating the and then tract amo and the foluble fomer In D not! TH *། nd afterwards Acceptance to pay when the Goods are gures, than to fold, good. y that Part, which Acceptance to pay Half in Money, Half relates to the Matter in Bills, is good. by that Means :nder it neAC of the Law and Reporters. A like Cafe. A like Cafe. A Bill may be accepted after the Day of Ps are inferted at Payment is elapsed; and the Drawer is hach not fcru- chargeable, though the Bill was not pre*k fome Propofi- fented within the Time. pehow greater Light Acceptance to pay at a longer Time than by others; and is mentioned in the Bill, is good. A Bill may be accepted for Part. Names of the ܢ ܡ ܢ red to the feveral Ce is cited. fixed the Names of ge Table of the Con Pages. of Exchange, divided 9, 10. The Duty and Wisdom of fetting the Lord before us, Pfal. xvi. 8. 11, 12. Against Conformity to this World, Rom, xii. 2. 13, 14. The Vanity of Security under Profperity, Pfal. xxx. 67. X. 21. XC. 12. 15. Religious Conversation, Prov. 16. Improvement of Life, Pfal. The Preface, by the Rev. Mr. Pickard, Succeffor to the Rev. Mr. Newman, gives us the following Account. It would be an unpardonable Prefumption and Vanity in me, to attempt a particular Recommendation of the following Dif. courses. The Reverend Author was too well known, and te, much esteemed, to need any Thing of that Kind. All that I fhall fay upon this Head is, to affure the Reader, that they are the genuine Productions of him whofe Name they bear: Printed exactly from his Manufcript: Defigned by him for the Prefs; and left with particular Directions for their Publication. This Affurance is due to the Reader, as well as to the worthy Author. In this Respect, they differ from fome other pofthumous Works. And by this, the ufual, and oft just Objections to the Publication of fuch Works, are entirely obviated. Thefe Difcourfes are but a Part of what the Author has left, in like Manner. The Publication of which, in fome Measure, depends upon the Reception which thefe all meet with. The Glory of God, the dvancement of Piety and Virtue, the prog the Kingdom of the Redeemer, and appiness of Mankind, were always ing Defign. For thefe he lived and laboured. And for thefe being dead, he yet fpeaketh. That these poble and important Ends may be fuccefsfully carried on, is the ardent Prayer of him, whofe Honour it is to ferve the fame worthy Society that Mr. Newman did; and whofe fincere Aim and highest Pleasure it is, to further and promote their prefent Comfort, and their everlasting Interefts. Edward Pickard. And as a Specimen of the Author's Stile, Sentiment, &c. we shall borrow an Extrac from Vol. II. Sermon 16. On the Improvement of Life. Wisdom requires a proportionable Degree of our Time for the furnishing and enlarging of our Understandings, in which all the Excellency and Glory of Man is foun ded. I am perfuaded, that the very great Difference between one and another, in Point of Wisdom, as it refpects the Understanding. is not fo much owing to an original Difference in the Capacity, as to the different Application of it. Truth is the proper Object of the Understanding: How must theirs be furnished then, who can be entertained by nothing but with romantic Scenes, vifionary Images, Sports of the Imagination? At the very best this is but Lumber ; and must, as such, be thrown away, before we can have any Relish for the Knowledge that can make us wife. Hereby we live in the midft of waking Dreams; and subject ourselves to the Impreffions and Powers of Delufions, till no Truth that is worth a Thought can find Admiffion. How must their Understanding be contracted who, for a long Succeffion of Years, are converfant with low or little Things, mean or fordid Ideas, to those that are limited to their five Senfes ? Is not this an Abuse of Time? And doing great Injury to the Faculty? Since hereby we become Strangers, yea averfe to every Object, which for Worth and Importance is equal to our own Dignity. On the other Hand, when the Mind is inured to Subjects which fill, and even are too big for it, the Faculty itself is enlarged, as well as enriched; and becomes more capable of admitting, as well as of improving them; from whence Wisdom and Happiness refult. Which in fome following Pages he illuftrates, and concludes thus, by Way of Soliloquy. Sacred to Thee, from whom I have my Being, I will employ that Life, thou haft beftowed. Defigned as I am for Immortality, my own Perfection I will purfue. What |