Pharmacographia: A History of the Principal Drugs of Vegetable Origin, Met with in Great Britain and British IndiaMacmillan and Company, 1879 - 803 pages |
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Page vii
... Commerce , the authors have given such statistics and other trade information as they could obtain from reliable sources ; but they regret that this section is of very unequal value . Duties have been abolished , and a general and ...
... Commerce , the authors have given such statistics and other trade information as they could obtain from reliable sources ; but they regret that this section is of very unequal value . Duties have been abolished , and a general and ...
Page 6
... commerce ) are about 3 lines in length and rather less in width ; they have the form of a very irregular 4 - sided pyramid , of which one side , much broader than the others , is distinctly vaulted . They are sharp - angled , a little ...
... commerce ) are about 3 lines in length and rather less in width ; they have the form of a very irregular 4 - sided pyramid , of which one side , much broader than the others , is distinctly vaulted . They are sharp - angled , a little ...
Page 21
... commerce is produced in altitudes of 2500 metres in the north - western parts of the province of Yunnan in South - western China where the tree , which attains a height of 12 to 15 feet , grows in abundance . The fruits of the Japanese ...
... commerce is produced in altitudes of 2500 metres in the north - western parts of the province of Yunnan in South - western China where the tree , which attains a height of 12 to 15 feet , grows in abundance . The fruits of the Japanese ...
Page 22
... Commerce - Star - anise is shipped to Europe and India from China . In 1872 Shanghai imported , mostly by way of Hong - Kong 5273 peculs ( 703,066 lb. ) , a large proportion of which was re - shipped to other ports of China . According ...
... Commerce - Star - anise is shipped to Europe and India from China . In 1872 Shanghai imported , mostly by way of Hong - Kong 5273 peculs ( 703,066 lb. ) , a large proportion of which was re - shipped to other ports of China . According ...
Page 32
... commerce . As met with in the market they are shortly ovoid or subreniform , to of an inch long , with a blackish , wrinkled surface , and an obscure ridge running round the back . The shorter stalk , when present , sup- ports the fruit ...
... commerce . As met with in the market they are shortly ovoid or subreniform , to of an inch long , with a blackish , wrinkled surface , and an obscure ridge running round the back . The shorter stalk , when present , sup- ports the fruit ...
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Common terms and phrases
acetic acid afforded alcohol alkaline alkaloid aloes amorphous appears aromatic asafoetida Asia Minor balsam bark bitter boiling Bombay Botanical brown called camphor carbon Cassia cells cent century Chemical Composition-The chiefly China chloroform Cinchona cinnamon collected colour colourless commerce consists contains crystalline crystals cubebs cultivated Description-The diameter dissolved distillation dried drug England essential oil ether Europe exhibits exported extract feet flowers fruit granules hydrochloric acid imported India island Journ juice known latter layer leaves liquid London mastich medicine medullary rays mentioned Microscopic Structure-The morphine mucilage narcotine nitric acid numerous obtained occurs odour opium Paris peculiar peculs pepper pericarp Pharm Pharmacopoeia physician plant poppy powder precipitated produced quantity resin rhizome root scammony seeds soluble solution species specimens spirit of wine starch stearoptene stem Storax substance sugar tannic tannic acid taste thick tissue transverse tree turpentine volatile wood woody yellow yields
Popular passages
Page 137 - The mountain-sides are immediately covered with parties of men and boys, who scrape off the large clear globules into a basket, whilst the inferior quality that has run down the tree is packed separately. The gum when first taken from the tree is very soft, but hardens quickly. .... Every fortnight the mountains are visited in this manner, the trees producing larger quantities as the season advances, until the middle of September, when the first shower of rain puts a close to the gathering that year.
Page 552 - AD 1607), who speaks of them as used ''to season" beer or ale, explaining that notwithstanding their manifold virtues, they " rather make it a physical drinke to keepe the body in health, than an ordinary drinke for the quenching of our thirst.
Page 645 - Here they make small clearings, in which the admission of light occasions the plant to develop in abundance. The cardamom plants attain 2 to 3 feet in height during the following monsoon, after which the ground is again cleared of weeds, protected with a fence, and left to itself for a year. About two years after the first clearing the plants begin to flower, and five months later ripen some fruits, but a full crop is not got till at least a year after. The plants continue productive six or seven...
Page 137 - ... strip of bark for about five inches below the wound. This is left for a month when a fresh incision is made in the same place but deeper. A third month elapses and the operation is again repeated after which the gum is supposed to have attained a proper degree of consistency. The mountain sides are immediately covered with parties of men and boys who scrape off the large clear globules into a basket, while the inferior quality that has run down the tree is packed separately.
Page 483 - Menthol occurs as colorless, acicular or prismatic crystals, having a strong and pure odor of peppermint and a warm, aromatic taste, followed by a sensation of cold when air is drawn into the mouth.
Page 139 - C" H^O*. We find that it is not soluble in alkalis, nor have we succeeded in converting it into a crystalline body by the action of dilute alcohol. It is not uniformly distributed throughout the tears; if they are broken after having been acted upon by dilute alcohol, it now and then happens that a clear stratification is perceptible, showing a concentric arrangement. "Olibanum contains an essential oil, of which Braconnot (1808) obtained 5 per cent., Stenhouse ( 1840) 4 per cent., and Kurbatow (18711874)...
Page 618 - Hard and brittle, yet gradually taking the form of the vessel in which it is kept ; opaque, varying in colour, but generally dull reddish-brown ; of a peculiar somewhat empyreumatic perfumed odour, and aromatic taste, without bitterness ; free from vesicles ; gives off no water when heated.
Page 428 - It consists of a short, knotty, descending rootstock, about -J- of an inch in thickness, emitting 2 to 3 aerial stems, and a considerable number of wiry roots. These roots are often 6 inches or more in length by } a line in diameter and are very brittle. The whole drug is of a pale yellowish brown ; it has no considerable odour, but a sweetish and subsequently acrid taste. In general appearance it is suggestive of valerian, but is somewhat stouter and larger.
Page 337 - Though we are not prepared to concur in the workman's opinion, it is reasonable to suppose that his manner of treating the liquor favours the crystallization of the substance in a more concrete form than it might otherwise assume. The thickened mass, which is said by another writer to resemble soft, yellowish clay, is now placed in shallow, square boxes, and when somewhat hardened, is cut into cubes and dried in the shade. The leaves are boiled a second time, and finally washed in water, which water...
Page 176 - The gum is obtained by making an incision in the stem, near the root, and cutting through the pith, when the sap exudes in a day or two, and hardens in the opening, after which it is collected by the peasants.