the back is of a dark colour, and the sides grey: for flavour they are preferred to the trout, they are in season in winter; the haunts of the grayling and trout are the same. After the angler has hooked his fish, the greatest caution is required to prevent the barb breaking its hold.

Bainbridge's Fly Fisher.

Mr. Franks says, the Umber, or grayling, is an amorous fish, that loves his life; his mouth waters after every wasp, as his fins flutter after every fly for, if it be but a fly, or the produce of an insect, out of a generous curiosity, he is ready to entertain it, smooth and swift streams enamour him, but not a torrent; yet, for this flyadmirer there is another bait, the munket, or sea-green-grub, generated amongst owlder trees, also issues from willows, sallow, &c. &c. fish him finely, for he loves curiosity, neat and slender tackle, and lady-like; you must touch him gently, for he is tender about the chaps, a brandling will entice him from the bottom, and a gilt-tail will invite him ashore-Hansard's Trout Fishing.

Walton says, the largest graylings are eighteen inches in length; Mr. Pennant asserts that one was taken at Ludlow, that was half a yard long, and weighed four pounds six ounces.

Donovan, p. lxxxviii.

Fishing one day for grayling with an artificial fly, made to a single hair, and a fine line to a slender rod, I rose and hooked a large fish; he now began to run very hard, for I had risen him over some willows, and I had no winch to give him line, which made me fearful of losing my fish, and part of my line; he next took a turn down the stream, which enabled me to extricate myself from the willows. I leaped a large ditch, keeping my fish in full play; my diversion became highly pleasing, the contest lasted full twenty minutes, when he fairly gave it up, and, retreating with caution, brought him flat on some gravel, it proved to be a fine grayling, weighing five pounds. Taylor's Angling.

Ludlow appears the head quarters, before they set off, in April, for the principality. The public conveyances begin to move to the watering places. The Terme, the Corve, the Clun, and the Onny are the principal streams in the immediate neighbourhood of Ludlow. The grayling here appears brisk and frolicsome, swimming in the middle of the water. The Terme bears the palm for the grayling; the Corve for the most delicious pink trout, and fine eels, chub, &c. &c. The sportsman's localities are every where at his command in the vicinity of Oakley Park, through the great liberality of the proprietor, the Hon. R. H. Clive. Sporting Mag. April, 1835.

F

There is a river called the Grand Eau, which falls into the Bex, in the Valois. We have taken an immense number of grayling where the two streams meet; we hooked large fish at every throw. In August, flies are a light dun and cochy-bondy; it is a place worth the whole journey from England. For further particulars see Hansard's Trout Fishing in Wales, an excellent practical work, with great variety of flies, natural and artificial, stations, fishermen, &c. and with a vocabulary of the Welsh language.

GUINIAD.

There is a fish in Bala Lake, called gwyniad. It is the same fish as is named sewin in the north; it is taken with trout flies, shows tolerable sport, and is very nimble in its movements; it is also a native of the lakes of Cumberland.

Sporting Mag. August, 1829.

THE CHARR.

The most successful mode of catching the charr in the lake of Windermere, in the early summer months, is by fastening a long and heavy leaded line and hook, baited with a minnow, to the stern of a boat, which is slowly and silently rowed along. When in season, they are a strong and vigorous fish, and afford the angler excel

lent sport. They are caught also in Connington Mere, in Lancashire.-Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. v.

The charr that are found in Ireland, in Loughs Neagh, and Esk, and Lough Egish, in Fermanagh, and Wicklow lakes, are about twelve inches long. This fish appears to be in many of the northern lochs, but is only taken in the spawning season, when coming to the mouth of the rivulet. They reach a considerable size; they are a nightfeeding fish, and feed near the bottom.

William Jardine.

THE PARR.

Among the British salmonidæ, there is no fish the habits of which are so regular, or the colours and markings so constant, as those of this small fish. It frequents the clearest streams, delights in the shallower fords or heads of streams having a fine gravelly bottom, and hangs there in shoals in constant activity, night and day. It inhabits those rivers that have an uninterrupted intercourse with the sea. It takes any bait, at any time, with the greatest freedom, and hundreds may be caught when no trout will rise, though abundant among them. In the markings they are so distinct as to be at once separated from the trout.-Sir W. Jardine on the Parr, Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal.

There is not the least doubt but parr are the young of salmon. Mr. Hogg and Mr. Stoddart.

THE SHAD.

The shad arrives in the Thames in the latter end of May, or early in June, and is a very coarse fish.

A shad was taken in the Ouse one foot eleven inches long; it is like the salmon, gregarious, and lives partly in the sea.

The Severn shad is esteemed a very delicate fish; about the time of its first appearance, in April or May, it sells dearer than salmon.

Pennant.

When this fish leaves the sea, it is very poor, and of bad taste; but as soon as it goes up the rivers, it fattens and becomes as large as salmon. In Prussia it is smoke-dried, and sold to the Arabians, who eat it with dates.

The shad in Hudson's River is from thirteen to nineteen inches long, and on an average, before dressing, weighs five pounds. This fish is caught in many rivers in France, and the weight, in general, is from five to eight pounds. In the Seine they are very fat, and weigh from eight to ten pounds. Du Hamel.