direction which the animal gives to them determines the direction in which the animal wishes to move." These zoospores, like other aquatic animals, swim about in the water, but after a time (the female cellule having become motionless), they gather about the female, sometimes a hundred of them, and each with its anterior flagellum gently strokes the female; "they perform upon it," says Binet, "real acts of feeling, the object of which is evidently to provoke in the female zoospore a genital excitation, as what follows will prove. It happens at times that that several of the male zoospores quit the ranks and make off; they are immediately replaced by others who employ their filaments in a like manner, to stroke the female." Says Balbiani, "A higher instinct appears to dominate all these tiny organisms; they seek each other's company, chase each other about, feel here and there with their cilia, adhere for a moment or so in an attitude of sexual coition, and then retire, soon to begin anew. These singular antics often continue for several days." From highest to lowest, the teaching now is that every living organism is a psychical and intellectual entity. As Binet says: "By the aid of exact data, we have shown that in both vegetable and animal micro-organism phenomena are encountered which pertain to a highly complex psychology, and which appear quite out of proportion to the minute mass that serves them as a substratum." Moebius recognizes that psychological life begins with living protoplasm. The lowest forms manifest memory and the sense of fear; Binet says: "There is not a single ciliate Infusory that cannot be frightened, and that does not manifest its fear." As Romanes remarks, the power of choice may be regarded as the criterion of psychical faculty. Indeed there is no other test than the manifestation of choice, for that is what the term intellect means, the power of choosing between. Irritability, so-called, is itself psychical, and, as Binet says, "Every micro-organism has a psychic life, the complexity of which transcends the limit of cellular irritability, from the fact that every micro-organism possesses a faculty of selection; it chooses its food, as it likewise chooses the animal with which it copulates." Indeed its power of choice seems to be only limited by its capacity to execute, for here we find emphatically that function precedes. structure; that the psychical precedes the physical; the invention. precedes the reduction to practice. [Continued in March issue.] Cleveland Medical and Surgical Reporter. A Journal Devoted to the Science of Homeopathic Medicine and Surgery. Published Monthly by the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College, 226 Huron Street, Cleveland, O. JAMES RICHEY HORNER, A. M., M. D., Editor. WILLIAM H. PHILLIPS, M, D., Associate Editor. The Reporter solicits original articles, short clinical articles, society transactions and news items of interest to the profession. Reprints of original articles will be furnished authors at actual cost of paper and press-work, provided the order is received before the publication of the article. If authors will furnish us with rames before their article is published, copies of the journal containing it, will be mailed free of charge (except to addresses in Cleveland) to the number of 100. The subscription price of the Reporter is $1.00 per annum in advance. Single copies 10 cents. The Reporter has no free list. but sample copies will be given on request. The Reporter is mailed on the 1st of each month. All matter for publication must be in the hands of the Editor by the 15th of the preceding month. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the old address must be given. The notice should be sent one week before the change is to take effect. If a subscriber wishes his copy of the journal discontinued at the expiration of his subscription, notice to that effect should be sent. Otherwise it is assumed that a continuance of the subscription is desired. Remittances should be sent by Draft on New York, Express-Order, or Money-Order, payable to order of THE MEDICAL AND SURGICAL REPORTER. Cash should be sent in Registered Letter. Books for review, manuscripts for publication, and all communications to the Editor should be addressed to J. Richey Horner, M. D., 275 Prospect St., Cleveland, O. All other communications should be addressed THE MEDICAL AND SURGICAL REPORTER, 762-4 Rose Building, Cleveland, Ohio. Editorial "THIS WAS A MAN." In considering how best to place before our readers the great loss which the community in general, and our College in particular, has sustained in the death of Judge White, nothing more appropriate can be offered than the tributes paid to him by his friends at the memorial service held upon the day of his funeral, in the church of whose congregation he was a member, and to which he devoted himself with all the enthusiasm and intensity which belonged to his great nature. These men who spoke of him did so without any effort towards display beyond that of the love which they felt for him and the desire they had to make an expression of the deep sense of their loss. Hon. F. A. Henry, Judge-elect of the Common Pleas Court, spoke in part as follows: Except in the case of those whose fields of activity have extended into the national sphere, the death of no one, it is safe to say, has occasioned such widespread sorrow and mourning as has the death of the man whose mortal remains are now before us. At the Bar meeting this morning the dominant note in all the words that were there spoken, and I may say that there has never been a Bar meeting of similar character within all my experience where sorrow was more sincere and mourning so universal,-the dominant note at that meeting, I say was one of admiration for the wide generosity of him who gave not merely from his purse, but who gave in that highest and noblest sense of himself. There never was a man in all my acquaintance, and I am safe in saying that there never was a man in the acquaintance of anyone in this presence to-day who gave of himself without stint and in such a measure as did Judge White. As was said of the village preacher: "A man to all the country dear." It would be impossible in the brief time allotted to me, or even in the time that is allotted to all who are to speak to-day, to touch on all the many-sided traits of character that Judge White possessed. To me one of the most wonderful in his character was his ability-in spite of the patience which was so characteristic of him, in spite of his willingness to hear all that might be offered to his ear, in spite of his loving-kindness for everyone who sought his aid, whether officially or otherwise, in spite of the time-consuming character of such appeals, the wonder to me was that he was able to discharge as he did discharge with such rapidity and executive ability the manifold duties of his most exacting calling. Judge White possessed one characteristic which to my mind. loomed up before and beyond and above every other, and that was the passionate, Christian earnestness with which he reached out the kindly helping hand. To the young man or young woman-in his class in Sunday-school, in his class in the Law School, to the young men admitted to the Bar who came into his court, he never failed to extend a helping hand, a hand of encouragement, of material help if need be, and his life was one of unselfish devotion to the welfare of his fellowmen. Gaius J. Jones, M. D.: Words are entirely inadequate to express our feelings upon this occasion. It seems to me, if all the good things that have been said in all the eulogies which I have read or heard were said here, there would be much good left that could be appropriately said in memory of the one whom we mourn so much. I am here as the representative of the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College, which was honored by his presidency for over ten years. I am here as the representative of over five hundred alumni, whose diplomas have his name written on them as no other man could write, -every letter and every word indicative of his character; any one reading that signature would know that the writer meant something when he wrote it. As a teacher he was beloved by all who came in contact with him. For ten years he was Professor of Medical Jurisprudence, and at |