1739] QUEEN ANNE'S WAR. 147 the loss of many of their soldiers by disease, led them to conclude a peace with the Chickasaws. After this, Louisiana remained tranquil till its cession to Spain in 1762. CHAPTER XXVI. QUEEN ANNE'S WAR. 220. THE peace of Ryswick did not remain long in force. Jealous of the increasing power of the Bourbon family, William III., early in the eighteenth century, declared war against France and Spain, which were both at the time under Bourbon princes. Dying soon after, William was succeeded by Queen Anne, whose name has been given to the war which followed. In the new world, hostilities were commenced in South Carolina. Gov. Moore attacked the Spanish at St. Augustine [see Map, p. 151], in the autumn of 1702. He took the town without difficulty, but the Spanish bravely defended the castle, and sent a messenger to the French commander at Mobile to come to their aid. Two Spanish vessels soon appeared on the Florida coast, and Moore was obliged to abandon his stores and retreat. Unable to pay the expenses thus incurred, the authorities of South Carolina issued bills of credit, or paper money. 221. Another expedition, undertaken soon after against the Indian allies of the Spanish and French on Ap-a-lach'-ee Bay [see Map, p. 10], was more successful. St. Marks and other villages were burned, a number of prisoners were taken, and several tribes submitted, and were received under the jurisdiction of Carolina. 222. In 1706, a French fleet from Havana made an attack 220. How did William III. feel towards the Bourbons? What did this feeling lead him to do? What is the war called, and why? In the new world, where were hostilities commenced? Give an account of Gov. Moore's expedition. How did the authori ties of S. C. meet its expenses? 221. Against whom was the next expedition undertaken? What was its result? [See Map, p. 10.-Where is Apalachee Bay? What Indians lived north of it? What tribe, east? In what direction did the South Carolinians have to go, to reach Apalachee Bay?] 222. What movement was made by the French on Charleston, which was successfully resisted by the people, without aid from the proprietaries. Three hundred Frenchmen were killed or taken prisoners in trying to effect a landing, and one of their ships was captured. 223. In the mean time, the Indians of Maine and New Hampshire, who were in the interest of the French, after lulling the fears of the English by declaring that 'the sun was not more distant from the earth than their thoughts from war', suddenly fell upon the frontier settlements, made a general massacre, and retired beyond the reach of pursuit. In the course of the winter, they assailed Deerfield, in northern Massachusetts [see Map, p. 111]. This place was surrounded by palisades, and guarded nightly by sentinels. On the last day of February, 1704, a party of French and Indians, after a toilsome march from Canada on the crust of the snow, approached the town. Just before dawn, while the sentinels were absent from their posts, they effected an entrance, the snow having drifted against the palisades, and rendered them useless as a defence. The town was soon in flames. Forty-seven of the inhabitants were killed, and 112 made prisoners. The latter, during the march to Canada, suffered intensely from cold and hunger. Not a few sunk by the wayside under the accumulated horrors of the journey, and welcomed the savage tomahawk which ended their sorrows. CHAPTER XXVII. SETTLEMENT OF GEORGIA. 224. THE pleasant region west of the Savannah, though claimed by England, remained unsettled for years after Carolina had become a flourishing colony. At last James in 1706? How did it result? 223. By whom were the frontier settlements of the English attacked? What village was assailed? [See Map, p. 111.-Near what river is Deerfield?] Give an account of the attack on Deerfield. How many of the inhabitants were killed and made prisoners? What befell the latter? 224. Who was the first to colonize Georgia? For whose benefit did he do it? In 1732] SETTLEMENT OF GEORGIA. 149 Oglethorpe [o'-gel-thorp], a benevolent member of Parlia ment, who had visited the prisons of the kingdom and restored to freedom hundreds of unfortunate men confined for debt and small offences, proposed to establish in this part of America a colony for the poor and helpless. In 1732, he obtained a charter from George II., in whose honor the new colony was called GEORGIA. The next year, Oglethorpe with his first company of emigrants reached the Savannah and selected a site for a city. The surrounding region was owned by a small band of Muscogees, whose chief received the strangers kindly and presented Oglethorpe a buffalo skin adorned on the inside with the head and feathers of an eagle. "The feathers of the eagle," said he, "are soft and signify love. The buffalo skin is warm and is the emblem of protection. Therefore love and protect our little families." Other Muscogee war what philanthropic movement had Oglethorpe previously engaged? From whom was Georgia named? On what river did Oglethorpe choose a site for his city? By whom was the surrounding region owned? What passed between Oglethorpe and the Mus riors hastened to welcome the English. "The Great Spirit," said one, 66 who dwells everywhere and gives breath to all men, has sent the English to instruct us." Oglethorpe was not insensible to their kindness, and sought to repay it by sending Moravian missionaries among them. 225. Early in 1733, the city of Savannah was founded. The streets were regularly laid out; the houses were built of uniform size, and surrounded with gardens of fruit and vegetables. Encouraged even beyond his expectations, Oglethorpe returned to England for more emigrants. A company of Scottish mountaineers were sent over under his auspices, and made a settlement at Darien. The governor himself returned in 1736, accompanied by John and Charles Wes'-ley. The former came with the determination to convert the Indians and make Georgia a religious colony; but within two years he returned to England, and subsequently became distinguished as one of the founders of the Methodist church. Another noted divine, the eloquent Whitefield [whit'-field], passed some years in the colony, and established an orphan asylum at Savannah, where he preached with great success.. 226. Feeling the necessity of defences on the south, Oglethorpe built a fort on St. Simon's Island, at the mouth of the Altamaha [al-ta-ma-hah'], and fixed on the St. John's River as the southern boundary of the English possessions. The Spanish regarded this as an encroachment on their territory, and detained the messengers of the English governor as prisoners. Oglethorpe at once prepared for war. His Indian friends hastened to his aid. The Uchees marched to Savannah in their proudest war-paint, and joined the no less valiant bands of Muscogees that had there assem cogee chiefs? How did Oglethorpe seek to repay their kindness? 225. In what year was Savannah founded? Describe the city in its infancy. For what did Oglethorpe return to England? Where did the next emigrants come from? Where did they settle? Who accompanied Oglethorpe to Georgia in 1786? What church was afterwards founded by John Wesley? What other noted divine passed some years in Georgia? Where did Oglethorpe build a fort? [See Map.-Where is St. Simon's Island? What place is upon it? What Indian tribe east of the Savannah? On which bank of the Savannah River is Savannah? Where is Darien? Where is St. Augustine? In 1739, England declared war against Spain, and Oglethorpe un 83 MLon ORGIA Altamaha R Darreno Frederica Helena Port Royal Ent SAVANNAH yeecheer Sussabaw I Sapelo. I Simon's L Marys RSt Mary's St John's R 32°N Lat MUSCOGEES dertook an expedition against St. Augustine. It failed, on account of the strength of the place and the prostration of the invaders by sickness. In 1742, the Spanish became the assailants, and Sanee R a strong fleet appeared before St. Simon's. Ogle PART LORIDA Withlacoochee GEORGIA AND THE VICINITY IN 1740. thorpe had but a small force, and was in danger of being cut off; but by cunningly making his enemies believe that British ships were expected and that an attack was to be made on St. Augustine during their absence, he frightened them into a retreat. 227. In 1743, Oglethorpe went back to England, nor did he ever revisit his colony. His labors in its behalf had been entirely disinterested; no part of the large grant obtained What island is near it? What river forms part of the present boundary between Georgia and Florida?] What river did Oglethorpe fix on as the boundary between Georgia and Florida? How did the Spanish regard this? How did they treat the English messengers? What did Oglethorpe do? Who hastened to his aid? What for a time put an end to the difficulty? When was it revived? In what did Oglethorpe's expedition against St. Augustine result? How did the Spaniards retaliate in 1742? How did Oglethorpe save himself? 227. In 1743, what did Oglethorpe do? What evidence is there that his labors were disinterested? What was the condition of the colo |