[Inclosure 3.]

SPEECH OF MR. MARIANO CORNEJO, ENVOY EXTRAORDINARY AND MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY FROM THE REPUBLIC OF PERU TO THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN, FORMER PRESIDENT OF THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES, DELEGATE FROM PERU,

[Translation from the Spanish.]

[The PRESIDENT. There is before me a motion presented by the Peruvian delegation. The motion was then read: "The Peruvian delegation moves that the minutes of the grand session of to-day, signed by all the delegates, be presented to the Department of State at Washington as an expression of the great pleasure with which the Pan-American Conference has received its honorary president, the Hon. Elihu Root.]

HONORABLE MINISTER, MR. PRESIDENT, HONORABLE DELEGATES:

The delegation from Peru desires that there may remain a mark of this solemn session, in which all America has saluted as a link of union the eminent statesman who has honored us with his presence, and, in his person, the great American who, for the elevation of his ideas and for the nobleness of his sentiments, is the worthy chief of the powerful Republic which serves as an example, as a stimulus, and a center of gravitation for the political and social systems of America.

Honorable Minister, your country sheds its heat and light over all the peoples of the continent, which in their turn, advancing at different rates of velocity, but in the same direction, along the line of progress, form in the landscape of American history a beautiful perspective of the future, reaching to a horizon where the real and the ideal are mingled, and on whose blue field the great nationality that fills all the present stands out in bold relief.

These congresses, gentlemen, are the symbol of that solidarity which, notwithstanding the ephemeral passions of men, constitutes, by the invincible force of circumstances, the essence of our continental system. They were conceived by the organizing genius of the statesmen of Washington, in order that the American sentiment of patriotism might be therein exalted, freeing it from that national egotism which may be justified in the difficult moments of the formaton of states, but which would be to-day an impediment to the development of the American idea, destined to demonstrate that just as the democratic principle has been to combine liberty and order in the constitution of states, it will likewise combine the self-government of the nations and fraternity in the relations of the peoples.

Honorable Minister, your visit has given impulse to this undertaking. The ideas you have presented have not only defined the interests, but have also stirred in the soul of America all her memories, all her dreams, and all her ideals.

It is as if the centuries had awakened in their tombs to hail the dawn of a hope that fills them with new vigor and light.

It is the wish of Peru that this hope may never be extinguished in the heart of America, and that the illustrious delegates who will sign these minutes may remember that they are entering into a solemn engagement to strive for the cause of American solidarity.

[Inclosure 4.]

SPEECH OF DR. FRANCISCO LEÓN DE LA BARRA, ENVOY EXTRAORDINARY AND MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY FROM THE UNITED STATES OF MEXICO TO THE KINGDOM OF BELGIUM, DELEGATE FROM MEXICO.

[Translation from the Spanish.]

Mr. PRESIDENT, HONORABLE MINISTERS, AND HONORABLE DELEGATES:

The delegation from Mexico has the honor of seconding the motion just presented by the honorable delegate from Peru.

The visit of the Secretary of State of the United States has for us a very special significance. The eminent coworker of the illustrious President Roosevelt, as we have just heard in the beautiful address we have enthusiastically applauded, brings us the good wishes of the First Magistrate of his country for the success of the labors of this conference; and they will bear fruit, because they are based on mutual respect for the rights of States.

With these considerations the delegation from Mexico, in accordance with the proposal made by the delegates from Peru, respectfully asks the conference to carry it by acclamation."

[Inclosure 5.]

SPEECH OF HON. A. J. MONTAGUE, FORMER GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF VIRGINIA, DELEGATE FROM THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

Mr. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE CONFERENCE:

If in disparagement of our modesty, yet in recognition of our gratitude, the delegates from the United States have just requested me to express our profound appreciation of the extraordinary courtesy you have extended to our country in the person of her distinguished and able Secretary of State, whose wise and exalted address we have all heard with delight and satisfaction.

However, the honors you have paid him, and which come so graciously from a polite and hospitable people, convey a deeper meaning, for in them we must see a gratifying evidence of that American solidarity which unites our Republies in the common development of popular government, energized by liberty, illumined by intelligence, steadied by order, and sustained by virtue. The liberty of law, and the opportunity for duty, and the dignity of responsibility come to us by the very genius of our institutions. Therefore, in recognition of the fraternity which inspires the greatest tasks which have yet fallen to the lot of so many peoples, working together for a common end, we receive your compliment to our country, and for this purpose I have thus detained you to hear this imperfect expression of our thanks.

[Inclosure 6. ]

SPEECH OF HIS EXCELLENCY BARON DO RIO BRANCO, MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE UNITED STATES OF BRAZIL, HONORARY PRESIDENT OF THE CONFERENCE.

GENTLEMEN :

[Translation from the Portuguese.]

I have risen merely to make a statement which I am sure will be received with pleasure by this illustrious assembly.

His Excellency the President of the Republic, in remembrance of the visit paid by His Excellency President Roosevelt to this building in St. Louis, and in order to perpetuate the memory of the coming of the distinguished Secretary Elihu Root to this country, has resolved by a decree bearing to-day's date to give to this edifice in which the International Pan-American Conference is now in session the name of Palacio Monroe.

[Inclosure 7.]

SPEECH OF HIS EXCELLENCY BARON DO RIO BRANCO, MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS, AT A BANQUET GIVEN BY HIM TO MR. ROOT AT RIO DE JANEIRO, JULY 28, 1906.

Mr. SECRETARY OF STATE:

The enthusiastic and cordial welcome you have received in Brazil must certainly have convinced you that this country is a true friend of your own.

This friendship is of long standing. It dates from the first days of our independence, which the Government of the United States was the first to recognize, as the Government of Brazil was the first to applaud the terms and spirit of the declarations contained in the famous message of President Monroe. Time has

a The motion was carried by acclamation.

The PRESIDENT. There being no further business before the conference, I shall close the session.

The conference was then adjourned.

but increased, in the minds and hearts of successive generations of Brazilians, the sympathy and admiration which the founders of our nationality felt for the United States of America.

The manifestations of friendship for the United States which you have witnessed come from all the Brazilian people, and not from the official world alone, and it is our earnest desire that this friendship, which has never been disturbed in the past, may continue forever and grow constantly closer and stronger.

Gentlemen, I drink to the health of the distinguished Secretary of State of the United States of America, Mr. Elihu Root, who has so brilliantly and effectively aided President Roosevelt in the great work of the political approximation of the American nations.

I thank you again and still again for the generous hospitality which is making my reception in Brazil so charming.

Coming here as head of the department of foreign affairs of my country and seated at the table of the minister of foreign affairs of the great Republic of Brazil, where I am your guest, I am forcibly reminded of the change which, within the last few years, has taken place in the diplomacy of the world, leading to a modern diplomacy that consists of telling the truth, a result of the government of the people by the people, which is in our days taking the place of personal government by sovereigns. It is the people who make peace or war; their desires, their sentiments, affections, and prejudices are the great and important factors which diplomacy has to consult, which diplomats have to interpret, and which they have to obey. Modern diplomacy is frank, because modern democracies have no secrets; they endeavor not only to know the truth, but also to express it.

And in this way I have come here as your guest; not because the fertile or ingenious mind of some ruler has deemed it judicious or convenient, but because my visit naturally represents the friendship which the eighty million inhabitants of the great Republic of the North have for the twenty million people of Brazil; and it is a just interpretation of that friendship. The depth of sentiment which in me corresponds to your kind reception results from the knowledge I have that the cordiality which I find here represents in reality the friendship that Brazilians entertain for my dear country. Not in my personal name or as representative of an isolated individual, but in the name of all the people of my country and in the spirit of the great declaration mentioned by you, Mr. Minister, the declaration known by the name of Monroe, and which was the bulwark and safeguard of Latin America from the dawn of its independence, I raise my glass, certain that all present will unite with me in a toast to the progress, prosperity, and happiness of the Brazilian Republic.

[Inclosure 9.]

SPEECH OF DR. JAMES DARCY.

[Translation from the Portuguese.]

The same deep and profound emotion which I, as a Brazilian and an American, feel in this hour is undoubtedly felt by all here on the floor-representatives of the nation, and identical with the nation itself. When the Chamber of Deputies sees the Secretary of State of the United States of America in the gallery it can not go on with its regular work for a minute longer even. So great and extraordinary have been the demonstrations occasioned by the presence in our country of the great envoy of the great Republic of the United States that it is necessary that the Chamber, in this hour unequaled in the whole life of the American Continent, manifest without delay its feelings of sympathy with the work for the closer approximation of the American nations. In Scandinavia, the land of almost perpetual fogs and mists, there died not long ago an extraordinary man. Ibsen, by some called revolutionary, by others evolutionary, dreamed in all his works of a new day of peace and concord for all mankind. This dream did not exist in the poet's brain alone, for it has

imbedded itself in the mind and heart of a great American politician-Elihu Root.

From the moment he set foot on Brazilian soil he has been received with loud acclamations of joy, in which all Brazilians have joined. The demonstration which the student body of Brazil made a short time ago, which for enthusiasm and spontaneity of feeling has never been equaled, manifested our feeling toward Mr. Root.

In his speech at the third conference of the American Republics, the statesman, the philosopher, the sociologist, the great humanitarian that Elihu Root is, opened up a new era for the countries of the continent of such an order that the old standard of morality has fallen to the ground in ruins. On the public buildings, on the fortresses and masts of war vessels, waves the same flag-a white flag, reminding the American people that a new epoch of fraternity has risen for them.

The

Nothing has ever done so much for peace as this visit of Elihu Root among us. It forms a spectacle that must mark an epoch in our national life. Chamber of Deputies, interpreting the unanimous sentiment of the nation, from north to south, of old and young alike, has suggested that I offer a motion, which is already approved in advance, and make the request that Mr. Elihu Root be invited to take a seat on the floor of the Chamber, as a mark of homage in return for the honor he has done us in making a visit to this House.

The memory of this visit will live forever in our hearts. He who bestows all favors will undoubtedly reward those who have done so much for American peace and fraternity by setting them up as models for the whole world.

[Inclosure 10.]

REPLY OF MR. ROOT.

Mr. PRESIDENT AND MEMBERS OF THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES:

I thank you sincerely for the flattering expressions which, through your able and happy spokesmen, you have made regarding myself. I thank you still more deeply for the expressions of friendship for my country. I beg you to permit me in my turn to make acknowledgment to you, the representatives of the people of Brazil-acknowledgment which I can make to the President of the Republic, which I can make personally to your distinguished and most able secretary for foreign affairs, but which I wish to make on this public occasion to the people of Brazil. I wish to thank the Brazilian people for sending to my country a man so able and so successful in interpreting his people to us as my good friend Mr. Nabuco. I wish to thank the people of Brazil--its legislators, its educated men of literature and of science, its students in their generous and delightful enthusiasm, and its laboring people in their simple and honest appreciation for the reception which they have given me, overwhelming in its hospitality and friendship; for the courtesy, the careful attention to every detail that could affect the comfort, the convenience, and the pleasure of myself and my family; for the abundant expressions of friendship which I have found in your streets and in your homes; for the bountiful repasts; for the clouds of beautiful flowers with which you have surrounded us; and, more than all, for the deep sense of sincerity in your friendship which has been carried to my heart. I wish to make this acknowledgment directly to you, the direct and immediate representatives of the people.

We, who in official life have our short day, are of little consequence. You and I, Mr. President, Baron Rio Branco, the President of the Republic himself-we are of little consequence. We come and go. We can not alter the course of nations or the fate of mankind; but the people, the great mass of humanity, are moving up or down. They are marching on, keeping step with civilization and human progress; or they are lapsing back toward barbarism and darkness. The people to-day make peace and make war-not a sovereign, not the whim of an individual, not the ambition of a single man; but the sentiment, the friendship, the affection, the feelings of this great throbbing mass of humanity, determine peace or war, progress or retrogression. And coming to a self-governing people from a self-governing people, I would interpret my fellow-citizens-the great mass of plain people-to the great mass of the plain people of Brazil. No longer the aristocratic selfishness, which gathers into a few hands all the goods

of life, rules mankind. Under our free republics our conception of human duty is to spread the goods of life as widely as possible; to bring the humblest and the weakest up into a better, a brighter, a happier existence; to lay deep the foundations of government, so that government shall be built up from below, rather than brought down from above. These are the conceptions in which we believe. True, our languages are different; true, we draw from our parent countries many different customs, different ways of acting and of thinking; but, after all, the great, substantial underlying facts are the same, humanity is the same. We live, we learn, we labor, and we struggle up to a higher life the same-you of Brazil and we of the United States of the north. In the great struggle of humanity our interests are alike, and I hold out to you the hands of the American people, asking your help and offering you ours in this great struggle of humanity for a better, a nobler, and a happier life. You will make mistakes in your council-that is the lot of humanity; no government can be perfect-till the millennium comes; but year by year and generation by generation substantial advance toward more perfect government, more complete order, more exact justice, and more lofty conceptions of human duty will be made.

God be with you in your struggle as He has been with us. May your deliberations ever be ruled by patriotism, by unselfishness, by love of country, and by wisdom for the blessing of your whole people, and may universal prosperity and growth in wisdom and righteousness of all the American Republics act and react throughout the continents of America for all time to come.

No. 24.]

Ambassador Griscom to the Secretary of State.

[Extracts.]

AMERICAN EMBASSY, Petropolis, August 31, 1906. SIR: As some days have elapsed since your visit to Brazil I had an opportunity to observe and consider its effects concerning which I now have the honor to submit the following comment:

There can be no question but that your visit has been of great material benefit to the political and commercial interests of the United States. For generations past there has always been in Brazil, as elsewhere in South America, a considerable element of the population who view the United States with suspicion and mistrust-suspicion of our motives, and mistrust of such conciliatory advances which we may from time to time have made. To remove all these suspicions at one stroke were indeed an impossible task, but it may be said that, as a direct result of your visit to Brazil, the whole attitude of the Government and people of this Republic toward the United States has been revolutionized, and we may fairly count in the future that the assumption will be that we mean well, instead as it has been in the past that we mean harm.

It could hardly be hoped that such a complete revolution would be effected without some opposition, some objection, and we must anticipate a reaction and be prepared to meet it, but the fact remains that the fight is won, and it but rests for us to encourage in every way in our power the friendly feelings which have been excited. During the period immediately preceding your visit, and during your visit, there was not a single discordant note in the chorus of welcome and enthusiasm which the visit called forth, and in not a single public utterance was there one word of criticism or disapproval; in fact the welcome of the Brazilian nation was whole-souled and unanimous, more so than even our warmest friends ventured to hope. Those of us who live here certainly anticipated that the extreme element,