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day, showed sufficient interest in the welfare of No. 13 to come out and cast their ballots. May we always have them with us. While our meetings in the past have been somewhat slimly attended, we are looking forward to a renewed interest being manifested in the near future.

The giving of a $2.50 gold piece to each member of Columbia Union No. 101 resident at the Home, a feature inaugurated a year ago by our auxiliary, was authorized by unanimous vote to be carried into efiect this year.

The question of holding a label bazaar in Washington is being discussed among our membership, and, should we decide to do so, we feel confident of making it a great success.

MRS. ED H. THOMAS.

OMAHA, NEB.

Alamo auxiliary held its regular meeting at the home of Mrs. William Elsworth, in Dundee, another one of Omaha's pretty suburbs. There was a large attendance. Mrs. Elsworth believes the success of the meeting depends on serving plenty of refreshments. Consequently, "goodies" were passed before and after the meeting.

During the last year quite a number of printers have bought homes in the suburbs, and moved their families out into pure air and bright sunshine.

Our annual December dancing party was a grand success. We had a first-class hall, first-class music, a first-class crowd and a first-class time. Although it cost the ladies about $100 to give this party, the proceeds paid all expenses, and bought the Christmas box, consisting of one individual box of best union-made cigars for every member of the Home, besides five big home-made fruit cakes, donated by five of Ahamo's best cooks. Then we had enough cash left to swell our treasury to a size to be proud of. No. 2 wishes every member of every auxiliary a Happy New Year. MRS. BERT Cox.

PUEBLO, COLO.

At its last two meetings No. 32 was entertained by Mrs. S. S. Bellesfield and Mrs. Harvey Songer, respectively. These ladies entertained in the delightful manner in which the auxiliary is always received.

Officers for the enusing year have been elected as follows: President, Mrs. Ella Stewart; vicepresident, Mrs. Jenny Andrew; secretary-treasurer, Mrs. Maud A. Duffy; chaplain, Mrs. Katherine Lewis; sergeant-at-arms, Mrs. Effie Songer.

Mrs. Maude McL. Sloan, Mrs. Mary Close and Mrs. Naomi Meyer are recent additions to our membership roll.

A committee of good workers is out securing new members, and we hope to be able to report a great increase in our ranks in THE JOURNAL's next issue.

We are indebted to Mrs. Estell Baldwin for the gift of a beautiful lunch cloth-that lady's own handiwork-to be used as a prize at our next card party, or to be raffled at our next social.

No. 32 extends to its sister auxiliaries best wishes for another year of prosperity and har

mony. May January, 1905, find a woman's auxil iary in every city and town under the jurisdiction of the International Typographical Union.

MRS. MAUD A. DUFFY.

MILWAUKEE, WIS.

Woman's Auxiliary No. 3 initiated one new member-Mrs. Bessie H. Tomlinson-at its last meeting, held December 13.

The prize cinch party given by No. 3, on November 19, was a grand success, and as a result our treasury was swelled by a neat sum. Cinch was played from 8:30 until 11 o'clock, after which refreshments, consisting of ice cream and cake, were served, and then dancing was indulged in. W. J. Griffin, of No. 23, captured the booby prize, with the magnificent score of 46 points.

The entertainment committee is "getting busy" with the arrangements for our annual May ball.

H. A. Rogers, business agent of the allied printing trades council, visited us at our 'December meeting, and proposed a new (?) scheme for pushing the allied label. His remarks were responded to in a very able manner by Mrs. M. U. J. Crowley, who had previously worked the same scheme. Mr. Rogers is now fully convinced that No. 3 is not asleep when it comes to the proposition of creating a demand for the label.

MRS. W. S. FISHER.

BRADFORD, PA.

Bradford Auxiliary No. 25 is not asleep by any means, although we have only fifteen members, and no prospects of any more at present, unless some of our single printers get married.

This summer we have been very unfortunate, as we have had a death in our auxiliary, and our loved president has been at death's door in the hospital for some time, but she has fully recov. ered.

We have a social once a month, and we had one recently, at which all had a splendid time.

Nearly all the members of the auxiliary attended the twentieth annual ball of the typographical union on Thanksgiving night.

We hold our meetings the first and third Tuesday evenings of each month at the homes of members. MRS. FRANCES M. KNERR.

DORA METCALFE.

The following resolutions were adopted by Woman's Auxiliary No. 33, Spokane, Wash., at the November meeting:

Whereas, It nas pleased the Great Ruler to take from our midst our sister, Dora Metcalfe, from a world of care and sickness to a higher and brighter sphere; therefore, be it

Resolved, That Woman's Auxiliary No. 33 tender its most heartfelt sympathy to the bereaved husband and children; and, therefore, be it

Resolved, That as a mark of respect the charter of this auxiliary be draped for a period of thirty days; and, be it

Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of this auxiliary, and that a copy be sent to the sorrowing husband and children, and that they be published in THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL.

Correspondence

PASSING OF WILLIAM KENNEDY.

was

In the death of William Kennedy, which announced in last month's JOURNAL, there entered into rest one of the most unique characters, as well as one of the most typical and worthy members of the craft in its entire jurisdiction. His death closed a career that will be spoken of with pride by every printer who had the privilege of his acquaintance.

Among the stalwarts in the fold of unionism, we can all unite in paying a just tribute to the one whom we will see no more, and who has left a remembrance that all can cherish as the brightest spot in their contact with their fellow men, as William Kennedy's life in connection with the advancement and promotion of the cause of unionism in this city was such that words seem inadequate to fittingly portray a just estimate of his splendid services to the cause. It was my fortunate experience to have been intimately associated with Mr. Kennedy in this city for more than a generation, and, while grief-stricken at his sudden call, I can testify to the many admirable and lovable traits he possessed as a man. In the first place, he was just in all that the term implies, and was possessed of a nature that led to a devotion to principle that made him at once almost a marvel of simplicity in his satisfaction to friends and the zeal with which he attached himself to any cause.

Mr. Kennedy's life as a printer was mostly spent in Chicago, he coming here early in 1866, where quickly his comrades in the craft observed his many traits of unselfish devotion to principle and placed in his hands important and responsible duties in the administration of union affairs, they electing him to the position of chairman of the board of directors, an office that had jurisdiction at that time of many important matters in connection with union matters. So well did he perform his duties that he was later promoted to the chairmanship of the union's executive committee, an adjunct of the organization which had control of important and confidential matters. Mr. Kennedy's work in these offices made him a vigorous promoter of union welfare, and he was rewarded with the chairmanship of the union's delegation at the Montreal convention of the International Union in 1873, which session honored him as its choice for the office of first vice-president. Since then Mr. Kennedy has been a noted figure in our business, he being for more than thirty-one years the foreman of the Inter Ocean composing room, resigning the position last year in consequence of domestic sorrow and physical ailments. He closed his career incased in his armor of activity, and died without a pain, respected by all with whom he ever had dealings, and loved by an army of printers from gulf to gulf and ocean to ocean.

In the death of William Kennedy there leaves this life a man in whose makeup was compassed the elements where that which was admirable so

largely predominated that the dross was hard to find. He was plain and blunt, yet was one of the most kindly of men in his impulses that ever lived. He was loyal to every cause that in his long career he ever espoused, and true to every friend that gained his confidence. He made the cause of unionism-which was his religion-not only respected, but advanced its folds by unmeasured bounds because of the honesty of his nature. His sympathies were warm, ardent and practical for the uplifting of his fellows, and as we are all influenced by our environment, it is not to be expected that conditions will be such as will develop another Kennedy, one so faithful to the struggling cause of unionism, which now seems to have won its fight, as he was ever brave and courageous in holding aloft its banner, and often winning victory from the very jaws of defeat.

Chicago Typographical Union No. 16 keenly feels its loss in the death of one of its veteran members, but is consoled in the just recognition of the splendid services which he unselfishly rendered it during the long period of his membership therein. Mr. Kennedy did not live for himself alone, but conferred benefits upon his craft and calling that will long be referred to with admiration wherever there is appreciation of good deeds. No grander or more enduring monument can be erected for any of us, and William Kennedy's good deeds as a member of No. 16 are the best and lasting tributes to his worth in the cause. M. H. MADDEN.

The late William Kennedy, or "Bill Kennedy," as he was more generally known, and which title he preferred when addressed by friends, was, in the estimation of the writer hereof, the embodiment of all those qualities of heart and mind that tended to make of him the ideal printer and foreman of the times in which he lived, and this can be said without detriment to the good qualities of many others of our acquaintance who have filled and now fill the same positions of grave and often delicate responsibility. It was my privilege to be associated with Mr. Kennedy during one of the most trying periods in his career. I allude to the "strike" or "call out" in the Inter Ocean office during the year 1878, and I do not know of any one then, or at the present time, who could have so successfully met the situation as he did during that trying ordeal. He withstood assault and abuse from every quarter, both from within and without, to say nothing of the taunts and jeers of former personal friends, they, presumably, being caused by the action of the union in expelling him for remaining at work after the force had been ordered out, and which action had received the usual publicity as prescribed by the custom prevailing in those days for "ratting." The methods employed by Mr. Kennedy in reclaiming the office, and which would be an act of indiscretion to particularize herein, and thereby forestall their future use should such necessity arise, and also for which

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he is entitled to the everlasting gratitude of our entire fraternity for all time, were somewhat drastic, though very effective, and the writer hereof does not know of any one at that time who was possessed of the necessary moral strength and will power to enable him to successfully cope with the situation then existing. But Mr. Kennedy had those qualifications to a large degree, and they were often called upon to assist him in his dealings with the impetuous and more robust of the "rodent" force in his employ. While a close observer and an active participant in the work as outlined by Mr. Kennedy, I have never disclosed the tactics employed by him, as it was a matter of vital importance to himself and those of his employer, whose confidence he retained until the last day of his life, as he did that of all others who were under his control and in whatever capacity he worked. Whatever his infirmities, for no being is without them, we can condone them all for the great good he did for us and the craft at large, for it is believed by many of the "oldtimers" who still remain at their posts of duty that his work in those dark days of our organization saved No. 16 from the power of its enemies, at that time well knitted, and brought forth wiser and conservative counsel among its members, which, it is hoped, will long remain to guide us in future emergencies. While there are others who are entitled to great credit for the part they took in those "troublous times," as they are still with us I will leave it to others to do them that justice which they so deservedly merit, and which we may feel assured they will not fail to do at the proper opportunity. This is my tribute to a stanch and true friend, whom we will greatly miss but never forget as long as life lasts and the deeds of stalwart unionism are recounted. E. M. KERRott.

The Hon. P. Shelley O'Ryan, member of the Chicago board of education and a close friend of Mr. Kennedy for many years, spoke, in part, as follows at the grave:

It is a difficult task to speak beside the open grave of a dear friend, and it would, for me, be an impossible one did I not feel that in what I say I shall be simply interpreting the thoughts of each and every one who is listening to me. We are all friends of William Kennedy, companions and coworkers of his during his busy and useful lifetime. We looked up to him as a leader on whose guidance and good counsel we could ever rely, as a friend whose assistance and sympathy were never lacking. Gathered here today to pay a last fond tribute to his worth and memory, in this solemn moment which must come in turn to every one of us, I can appreciate the sentiments that fill the hearts of this sorrowing assemblage, but I feel, as your spokesman, in voicing your thoughts, that my interpretation of them will be feeble and inadequate indeed, and that the duty might be more fittingly discharged by some one else.

It was my good fortune to have known the deceased for many years. I was closely associated with him in active newspaper work, and my oppor tunities of studying his splendid character came every night when we labored together during a period extending over several years, assisting in the production of a great metropolitan daily.

Able, skilled and competent in his calling-and the printer's art by tradition and right ranks among avocations with the highest and the most honorable-loyal and faithful to the interests of his

no

employers; conservative and intelligent in his influence on the policies of the great trade organization with which he has been so conspicuously associated; big hearted, generous, and practical in his dealings with his brother workers, Mr. Kennedy's was, indeed, a character that it will be difficult, if not impossible, to duplicate. No wonder that such numbers crowd around his grave; wonder that the associations which so honored him in life should honor him in death. His passing away is not only a loss to us individually-we'll miss "the touch of a vanished hand, and the sound of a voice that is still"-but we will miss also a prop that supported us and a link that bound us in our community life; in helping others, and in welding those others together, and, by his example, encouraging them to help one another, Mr. Kennedy was a factor that we can never hope to see replaced. He was, indeed, a man among mena man among men, too, whom deception never deceives, among whom spurious virtue never finds recognition.

For, let me remind you, that in the domain where our friend found honor and position men are judged by what they are, and not by what they pretend to be. In the great newspaper institutions, from the press rooms in the basement away up through the reporters' rooms and the art rooms and the editorial rooms to where the printers work at cases and machines, there is no respect for sham and hypocrisy. In the great drama called Life the workers in the newspaper offices are the scene shifters and property men, so to speak; they view the ever changing actions of comedy and tragedy from behind the wings; and they know only too well, and with sadness for the weakness of poor human nature, how many, how very, very many of the so-called reputations that dazzle the world and are by the world applauded are decked out in tinsel and glittering baubles, sometimes made by their wearers, more often by the hired literary costumer. The men who work behind the scenes in the big newspaper establishments know how spurious is the oft proclaimed integrity of commerce, how empty and hollow and worthless the passing show called Society. They appreciate in their full force and pathos John Boyle O'Reilly's beautiful lines:

"I'd rather live in Bohemia than in any other land,

For there are only the values true

And the laurels gathered in all men's view.
To the empty heart in a jeweled breast
There is value, maybe, in a purchased crest;
But the thirsty of souls soon learn to know
The moistureless froth of the social show,
The vulgar sham of the pompous feast
Where the heaviest purse is the highest,
The organized charity scrimped and iced,
In the name of a cautious, statistical Christ:
The smile restrained, the respectable cant,
Where a friend in need is a friend in want;
Where the only aim is to keep afloat,
And a brother may die with a cry in his throat.
Oh! I long for the glow of a kindly heart and the
grasp of a friendly hand,

And the grasp of a friendly hand,
And I'd rather live in Bohemia than in any other
land."

No

In this land, where hearts and human feelings rule, William Kennedy won friends and honor. Judged by the only true test, willingness and ability to assist others and to lessen their burdens, his was indeed a life of great accomplishment. other man in his craft was better known for readiness to lend aid to those who needed a helping hand. His fame in this respect extends from ocean to ocean, and is known even outside the boundaries of this broad land, for the brotherhood of the printers' craft is not a matter of race or clime-in distant lands, beyond the seas, men who have experienced the bitterness of the stranger seeking work and who received friendship and sympathy from the warm-hearted Chicago printer that now lay to rest will join in our sorrow and grief when they learn that this best known, perhaps the

we

last, of the oldtime printers' friends, has passed away from the field of labor.

our mind.

*

*

In directing your attention, as I have attempted to do, to the lessons and inspiration of a well-spent and useful life, I should consider my duty on this occasion only half performed if I omitted to speak of the thoughts which death must ever bring to Death is not an end; it completes nothing; it is only a change. When we part from our dear friend here, leaving him to the mystery and silence of the grave, it will not be a parting forever. His day among us is over, but a tomorrow dawns for him elsewhere. Similar tomorrows will come for each and every one of us. Well has the poet described the transition:

"Life! we've been long together

Through pleasant and through cloudy weather; 'Tis hard to part when friends are dearPerhaps 'twill cost a sigh, a tear;

Then steal away, give little warning, Choose thine own time;

Say not good night, but in some brighter clime Bid me good morning."

The funeral services were held at the deceased's late residence on November 27. The beautiful spot selected at Calvary cemetery for the last resting place of their colleague was surrounded by the entire Inter Ocean composing room staff, scores of friends and relatives, and members of the typographical union and kindred labor organizations. At the grave brief tributes were paid to their departed friend by P. Shelley O'Ryan and M. H. Madden. The International Typographical Union and Union Printers' Home were represented by Secretary-Treasurer J. W. Bramwood, of Indianapolis, and Trustees L. C. Shepard, of Grand Rapids, and H. H. Rogers, of Chicago. Typographical Union No. 16 adjourned its meeting because of the occasion for one month. Two daughters and one son survive the deceased. Mrs. Kennedy and a son preceded the veteran printer in death within the space of eighteen months.

At the December meeting of Chicago Typographical Union No. 16 the following resolutions were adopted unanimously:

Whereas, In the passing of William Kennedy Chicago Typographical Union No. 16 has suffered a great loss, and the cause of trade unionism has been deprived of the services of a wise counselor and active advocate. Possessed in a large degree of a sympathetic humanity, he was ever the friend of the lonely and unfortunate. Always obedient to the call of the officers of the union for services, he replied regardless of personal sacrifice; therefore,

Resolved, That Chicago Typographical Union No. 16 tenders to his bereaved family its heartfelt sympathy in their bereavement-a sympathy and sorrow that come from the personal association of so many of its members with the deceased.

Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of this organization, and that a copy be sent to THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL and to the Union Printers' Home at Colorado Springs, Colo., and that they be engrossed and sent to the family. of the deceased.

WHAT THEY THINK OF THE JOURNAL. F. W. McClanahan, Caruthersville, Mo.-"I don't see how a union printer can do without it." J. P. O'Connor, Boston, Mass.-"THE JOURNAL is a great institution."

NEW YORK, N. Y.

By a decision on November 29, in the People, ex rel. Cossey, appellant, vs. Controller Grout of New York, the court of appeals declared unconstitutional chapter 415 of the laws of 1897 (the labor law), which prohibits a contractor from employing his men more than eight hours a day on city, county, or state work. Since its enactment in 1897 this statute has been almost continually before the courts. Other phases have been passed upon, but this is the first time that the court of appeals has expressed its views flatly on the eight-hour provision. The action was brought by Harry Cossey to compel payment by the city of New York of $28,215 for six scows manufactured for the street cleaning department. Payment was refused on the ground that he had violated the terms of his contract in employing his men over eight hours a day. Cossey did not deny this, but contended that the law was unconstitutional. The court of appeals reverses the lower courts and grants the appellant's application. The decision does not leave it very clear how or why the law is unconstitutional. Three justices-one democrat and two republicans -hold that the law is unconstitutional because it deprives men of their property without due process of law. Two justices-a democrat and a republican-hold that the law is unconstitutional because it is an unwarranted interference of the legislature with the rights of municipalities. Thus we have justices agreeing as to the action of the court, but not agreeing as to the principles underlying that action. The case is decided; the law appears not

to be decided.

the

Justice Jenks of the appellate division, second department, has handed down a decision in which he holds that labor unions may, within lawful limits, boycott, strike, and picket. The decision is concurred in by Presiding Justice Hirschberg and Justices Bartlett, Woodward, and Hooker. The decision is the outcome of the case of William F. Mills and George H. Driscoll against the United States Printing Company of Brooklyn. In August, 1903, after a fight of a year to unionize the electrotype department of the printing company, union sent letters to the company's customers informing them that the company would not employ union workmen. The union also adopted a system of boycott and picketing which the company asserted interfered with their business. As a result of the troubles a compromise was effected and a contract entered into between the company and the unions, by which the company agreed to employ only union men. Mills and Driscoll refused to join the union, and alleged that the company threatened to discharge them unless they did so. They obtained an injunction from Judge Dickey of the supreme court in Brooklyn preventing the company and the union from interfering with their employment. Alfred and Charles Steckler, who represented the stereotypers' union, appealed from the decision of Justice Dickey granting the injunction, contending that the agreement to employ only union men was clearly valid, as the result of a voluntary agreement resulting from arbitration, and that there was neither duress nor threats used

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