favor of same, XIV. 321-325; XV.
158, 221-223. Obligations of, XV.
90. His prerogative in regard to
bestowing offices, XV. 115 et seq.;
and in appointing his Cabinet, XV.
127 et seq. Influence of, should

be diminished, XV. 161.
Presidential Election of 1856, our
Bunker Hill, IV. 389.

Presidential Election of 1860, letters
on, IV. 457; V. 175, 230, 348.
Anticipated effects of Republican
victory in, V. 225-229, 265, 346,
351 et seq. Candidates and issues
of, V. 240. Real question of, V.
307. Evening before the, V. 338.
Evening after the, V. 344. Ulti-
matum of the South in, VI. 93.
Result of, IX. 390.
Presidential Election of 1864, issues
of, IX. 69, 83. Parties of, IX. 70.
Congratulations on, IX. 134.
Presidential Election of 1868, issues
at the, XII. 510, 517.
Presidential Election of 1872, letter
to colored citizens on, XV. 173.
Antecedents of candidates in, XV.
177-182; nominations of same, XV.
182 et seq. Platforms in, XV. 183.
Watchword for, XV. 194. Letter
to Speaker Blaine on, XV. 196.
Speech on, XV. 209.

Presiding Officers, powers of, XII.
283; same must be decided by Par-
liamentary law, XII. 285 et seq.
Authorities respecting powers of,
in House of Lords, XII. 287-293.
Instances of, not members of House
of Lords, XII. 291, 293–302. Au-
thorities respecting powers of, in
House of Commons and House of

Representatives, XII. 309-312.
Press, the, in slave and free States, V.
43. Freedom of, restricted in slave
States, V. 72-74.
Prévost-Paradol, M., XIV. 16.
Price, reduction of, increases con-
sumption, XIII. 416.

203.

Labors of, XII. 116. His
predictions concerning America,
XII. 117-120.

Prison Discipline, I. 166. Separate

system of, adopted by Pope Clem-
ent XI. and Howard, I. 167, 504;
and by Pennsylvania, I. 169,
503. Horrors of solitary system
of, I. 170, 501. Objects of, I.
172. Subject of, universally inter-
esting, I. 181. Rival systems of,
I. 486. Labors of Roscoe and
Lafayette in, I. 502. Letter of
De Tocqueville on, I. 530 (note).
See Auburn System, Boston Prison-
Discipline Society, Pennsylvania
System, and Prisons.

Prisoners of War, treatment of, IX.
206; Washington's letter on same,
IX. 208 et seq. Instructions of
Secretary of War on exchange
of, IX. 222.

Prisons, and prison discipline, article
on, I. 163. Miss Dix's book on, I.
163. In 18th century, I. 500.
King of Sweden's book on, I. 518.
Private Wars in Dark Ages, I. 35; II.
191, 193; XIV. 12. Forbidden by
John and Louis XI. of France, II.
192, and by Maximilian, Emperor
of Germany, II. 193; XIV. 13, 74.
Renounced by German Confedera-
tion, XIV. 13, 74.
Privateering, proposition of Congress
of Paris for abolishing, VI. 214.
Mode of effectively abolishing, VI.
214. Abolition of, proposed by
United States, VI. 215. J. Q.
Adams on, VI. 215; VII. 290.
Dangerous to United States, VII.
287. Authorities on, VII. 287-289.
Early denounced by United States,
VII. 289-291.
Privateers, substitute for, VII. 279,
292 et seq., 298 et seq., 315. Use-
less against Rebellion, VII. 281,
314. Evils of, VII. 282-284, 314.
Jefferson on, VII. 462.

-

their exclusive jurisdiction, VII.
50-52. Authorities declaring neces-
sity of, VII. 455-457; British prece-
dent showing same, VII. 461.
Prize Money, policy of, VII. 148.
Proclamation of Emancipation,
speech on the, VII. 191. Letters
on, VII. 247; VIII. 39; IX. 192.
Lord Russell on, VII. 346. Adop-
tion of, by Act of Congress, IX.
47. Cannot be withdrawn, IX. 79-
81, 124-126. Lincoln's issue of,
IX. 397. Its constitutionality de-
fended, IX. 397, 398. Influence
of, IX. 417 et seq.
Progress, the law of human, II. 89.
Defined, II. 115. Same long unre-
cognized, II. 100, but disclosed
in part by Vico, II. 102. Univer-
sal, II. 92, 123. Not recognized in
antiquity, II. 95. Christianity the
religion of, II. 99. Announced by
Leibnitz, II. 103,-by Lessing and
Herder, II. 104, by Descartes,
II. 105,- by Pascal, II. 106, — by
Perrault and Fontenelle, II. 108,
and by Turgot, II. 110. Condor-
cet's Work on, II. 112. Bacon's
ideas on, II. 113. History of
Greece and Rome not inconsistent
with, II. 116-118. Relation of
China to, II. 118. Indefinite dura-
tion of mankind favors, II. 122.
Proved by statistics of life, II. 122.
Gradual, II. 126; XIII. 179.
sisted by prejudice, II. 127. Ex-
amples of resistance to, II. 127-133.
Certainty of, II. 134, 136: XIII.
177. Faith in, encouraging, II.
134. Agents of, XIII. 177.
Property, man can have none in
man, V. 19, 106, 207; VI. 399;
VIII. 374 et seq. Value of, in
slave and free States, V. 34. Con-
fiscation of, in war, VII. 35; XIII.
13-15. As a qualification for the
franchise, X. 220, 297, 327.
Confiscation.
Provisional governments and Recon-

Re-

See

struction, VII. 162. See Military
Government.

Prussia, army of, in 1845, I. 75.
Relative expenditure of, for war-
preparations, I. 78. Military sys-
tem of, in 1870, XIV. 78. Numer-
ical size of its Parliament, XV. 2.
See Franco-German War and Ger-
many.

Publishers, letter to committee of,

IV. 58.

Pulci, his prediction of a new world,
XII. 8.

Puritans, the, III. 271 et seq.

Q.

QUAKERS, escape of, from pirates, I.
428. Opposed to slavery, III. 119;
IX. 283-285. Lincoln on, IX. 395.
See Friends.
Qualification, defined, X. 308; XII.
432; XIII. 40.

Quincy, Josiah, on patriotism, I. 325.
Tribute to, IV. 383.

Quincy, Josiah, Jr., his report of
Chatham's speech quoted. I. 375.
Quorum, of the Senate, VII. 169;
IX. 490. In Parliament, VII 169-
171. Fixed in United States by
Constitution, VII. 171. Authorities
on rule for, VII. 172. Of States,
requisite for adoption of a con-
stitutional amendment, IX. 489.
Powers of the two Houses of
Congress in absence of a, XI. 365.

R.

RACFS, all alike entitled to human
rights, IV. 18; XIII. 134. Number
and distinctions of, XIII. 148-151.
Origin of, XIII. 152. Arguments
for a common origin of, XIII. 153-
157; authorities favoring same,
XIII. 155-157. Common destiny
of all, XIII. 162 et seq., 168, 178.

cessity of crushing at once, VI.
105; VII. 207, 272. A fact, VII.
13 et seq. Must be comprehended
and vigorously treated, VII. 210-
212. Must fail, VII. 468, 494.
Rejoicing in its decline, IX. 64.
Slavery and the: speech in New
York, IX. 83. Official history of,
X. 464. Consequences of, XII.
446 et seq. See War of the Re-

bellion.

Rebels, barbarities of, VI. 439. Are
criminals and enemies, VII. 17,
141. Sources of power against,
VII. 18-24, 47 et seq., 134, 143;
XIII. 16, judicial decisions and
other authorities on same, VII.
18-22; XIII. 17 et seq. Proceed-
ings for confiscating property of,
allowable, VII. 31-33. Must be
subdued, not conciliated, VII. 210.
Disqualified from national office by
Congress, VII. 545; IX. 469. Lin-
coln's policy towards, IX. 416.
Should be disfranchised for a time,
IX. 469-471, 540; X. 283; XI. 5,
111, 399, 408; XIII. 115 et seq.
Mr. Sumner's sentiments towards,
IX. 471; XI. 133, 408; XIII. 115;
XIV. 410, 470; XV. 192-194, 213,
229-240. Submission of, after the
war, XI. 7; testimony to same, XI.
7, 8. Time for reconciliation with,
XV. 253 et seq.

Reciprocity Treaty, termination of the
Canadian, IX. 178. Its operation,
IX. 180-186.
Recognition, intervention by, VII.
413; instances of same, VII. 413–
420. Armed, VII. 421. Unarmed,
VII. 421. Proper time for, VII.
421-423. Of a de facto power,
not required by international law,
VII. 431. Authorities on refusal
of, VII. 432-434, 437-440, 445.
Practice of nations as to, VII. 436

et seq.
Reconstruction of rebel States, res-
olutions on, VI. 301; VIII. 75.

VOL. XV.

16

Letter on, VI. 381. Provisional
governments and, VII. 162. And
adoption of Emancipation Procla-
mation by Act of Congress, IX.
47. Mr. Ashley and, IX. 139.
None, without votes of the blacks,
IX. 311. Conditions of, IX. 457-
461; X. 33, 283, 468. Equal rights
vs. the Presidential policy in, IX.
500. Andrew Johnson on, IX. 501,
540; XI. 17 et seq., 114; XIII. 231,

and his policy in, IX. 501; XI.
8-17, 23, 70-73; XII. 349-355.
Scheme of, on basis of equal rights,
X. 21. Time and, X. 428. True
principles of, XI. 44. At last, with
colored suffrage and protection
against rebel influence, XI. 102.
Speeches on bills for, XI. 102, 141,
397. Further guaranties in, XI.
124, 399-401. Measures of, not a
burden or penalty, XI. 132. Mili-
tary government unsuited for, XI.
146, 162. Mr. Sumner's bill for,
XI. 148-154. Incomplete, XI. 406;
XII. 526; XIII. 307; XIV. 134.
A political question, XII. 530.
Power and duty of Congress to
protect and regulate, XIII. 208,
356-362. With colored suffrage,
Mr. Sumner's personal record on,
XIII. 303.
Reconstruction Acts, defended, XII.
526-533. Opposition to, in rebel
States, XII. 536. Do not bind
Congress to admit rebel States,
XIII. 208-210, 224-226.
Redemption, Society of Fathers of,
I. 418.

Redpath, James, letters to, IV. 390,
400.

Reform, true, defined, II. 137; III.
78. And purity in government,

XV. 5.

Reform League of New York, letter
to, XIV. 283.
Representation, according to voters,
III. 242, 249; IX. 236; X. 19, 315-
321. Authorities on right of, X.

301; XIII. 44-46. Jefferson and
Madison on, X. 320. Hamilton on,
X. 329. See Blaine Amendment
and Representative System.
Representative System, necessary im-
provements in, in Massachusetts,
II. 319; III. 231, 254-256. And its
proper basis, III. 229. Origin and
nature of, III. 232-249; X. 318.
Founded on equality in America,
III. 234. Its history in Massachu-
setts, III. 235; evils of, in same,
III. 236. Essex County documents
on, quoted, III. 236–239. Jeffer-
son's plan for, III. 240; X. 320.
Under the Constitution, III. 241.
In France, III. 241. Vindication of
Rule of Three in, III. 243-249;
opposition to same in Massachu-
setts, III. 249-252. Amendment to,
in Massachusetts, X. 317.
Reprisals, none, on innocent persons,
XII. 481. Condemned, XII. 485.
Authorities on, XII. 485-490.
Modern rule for, XII. 488; reasons
for same, XII. 489. Instance of,
in modern history, XII. 491. See
Retaliation.

Republic, slave-holding, a mockery,

I. 308; II. 279; VII. 235. Re-
jected definitions of, VIII. 366; X.
144-153. Machiavelli on regenera-
tion of a, VIII. 387. See Republi-
can Government.

Republican Conventions, speeches at,
III. 451; V. 240; VI. 1; IX. 437;
XIII. 98.
Republican Government, American
definition of, VIII. 367; IX. 427,
429; X. 196 et seq., 327; XII. 429;
XIII. 43. Our first duty, X. 1.
Oath to maintain, in rebel States,
X. 12, 22; XI. 150. Must be de-
fined by Congress, X. 63, 137 et
seq., 211, 327; XII. 429; XIII. 43,
334, 358. Disfranchisement incon-
sistent with, X. 109. Principles
of, asserted by fathers of the Re-
public, X. 153-198. Webster on,

X. 187 et seq. Testimony of France
to, X. 198-202. Other definitions
of, X. 202 et seq., 330; XII. 44. Ob-
ject of, XV. 94. See Guaranty of
Republican Government.

Republican Party, formation of the,
III. 451. Its duties and aims, III.
459-461; IV. 81 et seq.; V. 200;
IX. 71; XIV. 281. Origin and
necessity of, III. 462; IV. 80; V.
191; XV. 86 et seq. Its hopes of
success, III. 474; V. 229. In New
York, IV. 60. Letter on the, IV. 61.
National, not sectional, IV. 146.
Appeal for its candidates in 1856,
IV. 348. Its declaration of prin-
ciples in same year, IV. 350. Ap-
peal for its cause, IV. 361; V. 242,
285. Letters on its candidates in
1860, IV. 457; V. 230. Platform
of, in 1860, V. 122 et seq. Speech
on,
in New York, V. 191. Perma-
nence of, V. 224; XIV. 4. Parties
opposed to, in 1860, V. 244, 285,
294. The only Union party, V.
305. The only Constitutional party
and party of freedom, V. 306. Not
aggressive, but conservative, V.
354. Should be moderate after
victory, V. 355. And Democratic
Party in 1864, IX. 68. Its past
and future work, IX. 72; XIV. 1.
Its platform in 1864, IX. 76, 127.
Unity and strength of, IX. 136.
Mr. Sumner's devotion to, XV. 85.
Change for the worse in, XV. 89,
170. Duty of, as to reelection of
Grant, XV. 156.

Republicanism vs. Grantism, XV.
83.

Repudiation, XII. 459; XIII. 105 et
seq. Adopted by Rebel party in
1868, XII. 513; XIII. 104. Two
forms of, XII. 540; XIII. 107 et
seq. Is confiscation, XIII. 106.
Cost of, XIII. 108 et seq. Impos-
sible, XIII. 111.
Retaliation, and treatment of prison-
ers of war, IX. 206. Authorities