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tōres clarissimi.

7. Beata vita. 8. Beatior vita. 9. Bea

tissima vita. 10. Donum gratum. 11. Donum gratius. 12. Donum gratissimum. 13. Dona grata. 14. Dona gratiōra. 15. Dona gratissima. 16. Milites fortissimi. 17. Liber utilis. 18. Libri utiliōres. 19. Libris utilissimis. 20. Mons altus. 21. Montes altiōres.

III. Translate into Latin.

1. A fertile field. 2. A more fertile field. 3. The most fertile field. 4. Fertile fields. 5. More fertile fields. 6. A useful life. 7. A more useful life. 8. The most useful life. 9. Useful lives. 10. More useful lives. 11. The

most useful lives. 12. A pleasing song. 13. A more pleasing song. The most pleasing song.

14.

NUMERALS.

171. Numerals comprise numeral adjectives and numeral adverbs.

I. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

172. Numeral adjectives comprise three principal classes:

1. CARDINAL NUMBERS:1ūnus, one; duo, two.

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2. ORDINAL NUMBERS:1primus, first; secundus, second. 3. DISTRIBUTIVES: singuli, one by one; bini, two by two, two each, two apiece.

174. TABLE OF NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

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1 Cardinals denote simply the number of objects: ūnus, one; duo, two. Ordinals denote the place of an object in a series: primus, first; secundus,

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vicēsĭmus,

13. trěděcím, or děcěm ět trēs, tertius děcímus,

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vicēsimus primus,
ūnus et vicēsimus,
trīcēsĭmus,
quadragesimus,
quinquagesimus,
centēsimus,
ducentēsĭmus,

100. centum,

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millēsĭmus,

dēni.
undēnī.
duŏdēni.
terni dēni.
vicēni.

vicēni singuli.

singuli ět viceni. tricēni.

quadragēni.

quinquagēni.

centēni.

ducēni.

singălă milliă. ·

DECLENSION OF NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

1. Cardinals.

175. On the declension of cardinals, observe,

1. That the units, ūnus, duo, and tres, are declined.

2. That the other units, all the tens, and centum, are indeclinable.

3. That the hundreds are declined.1

4. That mille is sometimes declined.2

176. The first three cardinals are declined as follows:

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second. Distributives denote the number of objects taken at a time: singuli, one by one; bini, two by two.

1 These are declined like the plural of bonus (148); ducenti, ae, a, two hundred.

2 Though only in the plural, and only when used substantively. It is then declined like the plural of mare (50); millia, millium, millībus.

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1. Unus1 liber.

ship.

battle.

man, hero.

Translate into English.

2. Duo1 libri. 3. Liber primus.1 4. Liber secundus. 5. Tres libri. 6. Tertius liber. 7. Tria bella. 8. Post tria bella. 9. Post tertium bellum. 10. Ante quartum bellum. 11. Quattuor 2 anni. 12. Post bellum quinque annōrum. 13. Decem 2 dies. 14. Decimus dies.3 15. Decem horae. 16. Decima hora. 17. Decem proelia. 18. Decimum proelium. 19. Horă diei decimă.

III. Translate into Latin.

1. Five friends. 2. Of five friends. 3. The fifth year. 4. The fifth day. 5. The fifth present. 6. With five presents. 7. Eight books. 8. With eight books. 9. The eighth book. 10. Before the eighth book. 11. The bravery of two soldiers. 12. By the bravery of two soldiers.

1 Numeral adjectives agree with their nouns, like other adjectives. 2 The indeclinable numeral adjectives (175, 2) may be used without change of form with nouns of any gender, and in any case. 3 Dies, it will be remembered, is generally masculine.

CHAPTER III.

PRONOUNS.

182. The Pronoun is that part of speech which properly supplies the place of nouns: ego, I; tu, thou.

183. Pronouns are divided into six classes:

1. Personal Pronouns: tu, thou.

2. Possessive Pronouns: meus, my.

3. Demonstrative Pronouns: hic, this.
4. Relative Pronouns: qui, who.
5. Interrogative Pronouns: quis, who?
6. Indefinite Pronouns: aliquis, some one.

I. PERSONAL PRONOUNS.

184. Personal Pronouns, so called because they designate the person of the noun which they represent, are ĕgo, I; tu, thou; sui (Nom. not used), of himself, herself, itself. They are declined as follows:

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1. Substantive Pronouns. - Personal pronouns are also called Substantive pronouns, because they are always used as substantives.

2. Reflexive Pronoun. — Sui, from its reflexive signification, of himself, etc., is often called the Reflexive pronoun.

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They are declined as adjectives of the first and second declensions;1 meus, mea, meum; noster, nostra, nostrum: but meus has in the vocative singular masculine generally mi, sometimes meus.

III. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS.

186. Demonstrative Pronouns, so called because they specify the objects to which they refer, are

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