PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACY BY HENRY V. ARNY, Ph. G., Ph. D. DEAN AND PROFESSOR OF PHARMACY IN THE CLEVELAND SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, DEPART- WITH 246 ORIGINAL ILLUSTRATIONS PHILADELPHIA AND LONDON W. B. SAUNDERS COMPANY 1909 PREFACE DURING a decade of pharmaceutical teaching, both at the Cleveland School of Pharmacy and by correspondence, the instruction given by the writer has developed into the material found in this book. The subject of pharmacy as understood by the writer consists of the practical application of the sciences of physics and chemistry to medicines and their preparations, as well as sufficient botany to appreciate the character of those vegetable drugs entering into pharmaceutical preparations. As far as botany is concerned, the application of that science to medicine consists in that distinct study, materia medica, but of greater difficulty is an attempt to study the pharmacy of chemicals, both inorganic and organic, without at least some explanation of the principles underlying the science of chemistry. This explains the brief Introductory Chapters to Parts III. and IV., which students have found of value as an adjunct to their instruction in pure chemistry. While not desiring to hamper instruction by artificial limitations, the entire subject of pharmacy is so vast that some gleaning of essentials from those substances of minor importance appeals to the teacher as imperative, and we are fortunate in having a means of elimination in the use of our national standard, the United States Pharmacopoeia. Of course no pharmaceutical instruction would prove sufficient were all unofficial drugs excluded, but the existence of a pharmacopoeia makes it possible to use that work as the basis of instruction, and in drilling the student in official substances ample opportunity is afforded to refer to those unofficials suggested by the pharmacopoeial preparation under consideration. The frank intention of this book is to explain the pharmacopoeia from its pharmaceutical standpoint, and if that standard says that a certain chemical is "dextrogyrate ketone," or that a certain drug is a "sclerotium," the writer believes that the average student should be able to learn what such terms mean without having to search through a dozen books. At the same time, however, the book disclaims all attempt to be a text-book in chemistry or botany, and in the bibliographical acknowledgements given at the end of this Preface there is furnished a list of complete and reliable text-books in the various sciences which go to make up pharmacy. The book consists of seven parts: Part I. deals with pharmaceutical processes and a striking |