gethe larged s Germa The period covered is from Homer to Chaeronea. It is to be regretted that the excellent work goes no farther. The subjects of the chapters and the amount of space given to them are shown by the following: The Heroic Age, 28 pages; Expansion by Colonization, 22; Religious Leagues and Festivals, 14; Early Tyrannies, 30; Early History of the Peloponnesus, 25; through the Sixth Century, 33; The Advance of Persia, 29; Persian Wars, 58; From the Persian Wars to the Peloponnesian War, 63; The Peloponnesian Wars and their Time, 163; Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 37; Revival of Athens, 51; Rise of Macedon, 63. This distribution gives more than half the book to Athens. Athens Though not intended primarily for them, the work is well fitted for secondary schools. It will probably be the matter of expense alone that will prevent high schools from using the book extensively. The secondary teacher who can have it for the study of the policy and services of Pericles and the rise and decline of Athens is extremely fortunate. There are some notes explaining difficult expressions. At the close of each chapter is a three-fold bibliography of contemporary sources, derivative sources, and modern authorities. At the end of the book is a complete bibderliography of ancient sources and modern works. The publishers have shown us how attractive good paper and print make a book. VICTORIA A. ADAMS. fed Ford Calumet High School, Chicago. ICELY, H. E. M. English History Illustrated from Original Sources, 1715-1815. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1913. Pp. xv, 101, viii, 107. 28. This little volume, one of a series of nine, reflects certain distinctly English practices of book-making. It is divided into two parts of 100 pages each, having separate pagination; the parts are both equipped with introductions and concluded with summaries of events. These oddities in formal make-up, however, do not blind the student to certain very real elements of merit that stand out in the source selections included. The editor has deliberately sought material that was in his estimate at once adequate and concise; in this he has met with undoubted success. Slightly less than two hundred pages of text are allotted to 116 short pithy extracts of a sort that give the local color and contemporary flavor in a way that sets off this work from the conventional source-book. The selections are from an unusually wide range of materials such as are rarely available to the high school student in the original. The reviewer can recall no more adequate or suggestive treatment of the eighteenth century through source selections. There is, moreover, some attempt at paralleling sources to bring out the different points of view in a given development, but without any deliberate effort to suggest the critical problems involved. There is enough good in even this haphazard grouping in a new and profitable field to deserve commendation. There are, naturally enough, certain features which are distinctly open to improvement. Some of the 9 topics which furnish the points of grouping do not seem to be well selected. A case in point is one entitled, "Pitt in Opposition." (I, No. 16.) Certain numbers are undated (I, Nos. 9, 10; II, No. 14), and some are used quite regardless of either logical or five illustrations are portraits of English leaders; the other, a map illustrating the Seven Years' War and the War of Independence, is poorly executed and extremely inaccurate. chronological sequence. Four of the BALLARD, ADOLPHUS. The English Borough in the Twelfth Century. Cambridge: At the University Press, 1914. Pp. 87. 3s. 6d. In these two printed lectures Mr. Ballard, the learned town clerk of Woodstock, embodies the results of his examination of some three hundred early borough charters, results which he carefully checks by the findings of Maitland, Bateson, Round and Vinogradoff. The author's con clusions are stated as simply as the complexities of the subject and the obscurity of the evidence will permit, though a few points, such as the origin of borough corporations and the relation of sake and soke to manorial jurisdiction might have been made more clear. Moreover, special students of the subject will find Mr. Ballard's "British Borough Charters, 1042-1216,"" published in 1913, with an admirable introduction, an invaluable complement to the present work. On the other hand, one who desires luminous resume of the organization of the twefth century borough and the status of its inhabitants need look no further. ARTHUR LYON CROSS. University of Michigan. SLOANE, WM. M. Party Government in the United States of America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1914. Pp. xvii, 451. $2.00. The genesis of a book is interesting because usually the clue to the author's purpose. 66 William M. Sloane was Roosevelt professor at the universities of Berlin and Munich in 1912-1913, and Party Government in the United States was written first for student audiences in these German universities. In thirty-eight brief chapters and eight appendices, Prof. Sloane traces the origin and history of parties in the United States. The sentences are clear as crystal, and the reader is never in doubt of the author's meaning. The exceeding brevity of the chapters is an innovation greatly appreciated in these times of maddening hurry. An unusually full table of contents forms a valuable key to the chapters, and the index is an excellent one. Throughout his book the author has preserved a strictly impartial mind, and has held the balance remarkably well, whether discussing the overthrow of the Federalists in 1801, or the defeat of the Republicans in 1912. One could hardly expect a sympathetic review of the Progressive movement in recent politics, and the account of all such revolts within the limits of the two old parties is colorless in the extreme. The book is a one-volume history of the United States from the standpoint of our political parties, and the historical side is developed far more than any theory of party government and policy. Prof. Sloane finds the "political feature of greatest significance since 1850 has been the steady growth in power of the Presidency, until now the American Executive wields a scepter almost as majestic as any still existent and active. . . . He creates the Federal judiciary, instructs Congress, influences legislation, and even controls, or at least absorbs in enormous measure, public opinion." The All in all, this should be a valuable reference book to place chapters dealing with "The Dominance of the President" in the hands of the student. University of Illinois. "Parties and the Public Defense" is another chapter that will interest many students because of the widespread discussion concerning the necessity of an increase in our army and navy. Yet the most ardent adherent of the American peace party would not fear a militaristic argument because the debatable subject is discussed solely from the historical standpoint. Indeed, Prof. Sloane holds himself rigidly to the field of party history, and seldom, except in the introduction, allows his pen to stray into any by-paths of individual deduction based on the political facts he has narrated. To some readers this will prove a disappointment, yet it keeps the subject strictly within the scope of the text as stated in the preface. MARY LOUISE CHILDS. The Evanston Township High School, Illinois. BRADFORD, GAMAIEL. Confederate Portraits. Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1914. Pp. xix, 291. $2.50. Mr. Bradford has brought together in this volume seven portraits, respectively, of Joseph E. Johnston, J. E. B. Stuart, James Longstreet, Judah P. Benjamin, Alexander H. Stephens, Robert Toombs and Raphael Semmes, all formerly printed in the "Atlantic Monthly," one of P. G. T. Beauregard printed in "Neale's Monthly Magazine," and a sketch of the Battle of Gettysburg printed in the "Youth's Companion." In presenting these portraits a new word is used to express an old historical task-psychography. As a psychographer the author is a follower of the impressionist school. Finality in detail or in the whole is not the ideal attempted. "The psychographer does not attempt to say the complete and permanent word about any of his subjects... he aims simply to facilitate to others, even a little, what he has himself found to be the most fascinating and inexhaustible of pursuits, the study of the human soul." The author's method is to select that particular expression of the individuality which seems to give one the clearest insight into the soul of the subject. Around this dominant characteristic is then grouped a series of observations without particular attempt at chronological continuity or narrative coherence. Whether the impression left with the reader is true to life or misleading, the author is the first to recognize the almost insuperable obstacles to the attainment of truthful finality. But true or false, one receives a very distinct and vivid impression of the man pictured. The essays are delightfully readable, and one feels the conviction that the author has honestly done his work only after painstaking investigation and study of the subject. A brief chronological outline and an excellent photograph accompany each portrait. Citations to authorities are given at the end of the volume. A detailed index is included. WALLACE CARSON. Morningside College, Iowa. BOURNE, HENRY ELDRIDGE. The Revolutionary Period in Europe (1763-1815). New York: The Century Co., 1914. Pp. 494. $2.50. For years many teachers of modern European history have felt the need of a satisfactory one-volume account of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic period. Professor Bourne's admirable work will therefore prove a great boon. It starts with an excellent description of the Old Regime, and then follows the history of France and Europe up to the second restoration of Louis XVIII after Waterloo. Through this maze of tangled events the author guides us with scholarly care and illuminating clearness. France naturally receives most attention, but the smaller states, as well as the other large ones, are not neglected. Everywhere are seen evidences of the author's sound scholarship. His point of view is broad and impartial. He has not confined him. self almost wholly to political, diplomatic and military history, as have so many writers in this field. Economic and social history finds a prominent place in his book. Some of the best chapters deal with such topics as "The Work of the Benevolent Despots," "The Industrial Revolution," "The Revolutionary Reorganization," The Reorganization of Prussia," and "The Scope of Reform in Europe." Professor Bourne makes the revolution seem more than a series of kaleidoscopic political changes varied by massacres and followed by a series of military campaigns. He makes the reader see with extraordinary clearness what the French Revolution meant to the people of the time, how it has spread through Europe, and why it was the greatest event in modern European history. Crowded with facts as the book necessarily is, it still is clear and readable. It will be welcomed by college and university teachers as a text-book and reference book. High school teachers will find it valuable. For high school stu dents it may prove a trifle heavy, but parts of it may well be used by the more mature. Ohio State University. CLARENCE PERKINS. Periodical Literature BY MARY W. WILLIAMS, PH.D., EDITOR "Revue des Deux Mondes" for March 1 contains a study of the character and policy of Emperor William II of Germany, especially with reference to the present European war, by Baron Beyens. Constantinople and the Turks" is the title of an illus trated paper appearing in the "Review of Reviews" for April, by Rev. George F. Herrick, who has spent many years in Turkey. The writer gives a brief history of the rise of the Turks, their capture of Constantinople and estab lishment of Turkish rule in Europe; and also describes the nature of their rule, and discusses the possible internationalization of Constantinople. The first number of "Ord och Bild" for 1915 presents an illustrated article by Anders Angström, descriptive of Arab desert life. The title is "By Automobile through the Northernmost Part of the Sahara." In a discussion of "America and the War" ("Contemporary Review," March), the Reverend Dugald MacFadyen compares the attitudes of the American people and the American government towards the European war, and emphasizes the desirability that in future England make greater efforts to cultivate and understand the United States. "Education" for April prints the first part of an outline, by Dr. Oliver H. Howe, of the "Historical Evolution of European Nations," which will prove of value to teachers of history, for purposes of review or for supplying a background for the study of special periods. Dean Albion W. Small, of the University of Chicago, contributed to the "American Journal of Sociology" for March a long, interesting paper on "The Bonds of Nationality," which treats the following topics: I. The make-up of the individual units; II. Common language; III. Race solidarity; IV. A coherent family type; V. A convincing religion. 2 Ex The March issue of the "Fortnightly Review," which is The History Teacher's Magazine a “war number,” contains the following articles: British and German Policy," by J. Holland Rose; "Big States and Small Nations," by J. A. R. Marriott; "Social Democracy and Peace," by H. M. Hyndman; "The Campaign in the Caucasus" (with map), by Robert Machray; "History of the War" (with maps). "The Sherman Act and New Anti-Trust Legislation," an article by Professor Allyn A. Young, of Cornell University, in published in the " Journal of Political Economy" for March, calls attention to the fact that the strength of the Sherman law lies in its general character, which gives it an elasticity and adaptability to new situations of all kinds not possible to legislation of a more general sort. Professor Young believes, however, that the article needs amendment along certain lines which he indicates. "Im The same issue of the "Magazine" also presents pressions of Palestine," an account of unusual interest, by Viscount James Bryce-likewise well-illustrated. Professor Archibald C. Coolidge, of Harvard University, in a study of "Nationality and the New Europe" ("Yale Review "), shows how the legitimate national aspirations of European peoples are likely to fare in case of decisive victory on either side in the European war. In spite of the most just and practical arrangements that can be made in the treaty of peace, considerable dissatisfaction—espe cially among the smaller "nationalities "is certain to exist. "Superiority in the future will depend more upon excellence in some service for the common good and less upon success on the field of battle. I look forward to a time when no individual and no race will be considered superior to another merely because, being on top, he or it is able to hold that other race or the other individual down.” The above quotation is the conclusion of an article by Booker T. Washington on "Inferior and Superior Races," published in the "North American Review" for April. Published monthly, except July and August, at 1619-1621 Ranstead Street, Philadelphia, Pa., by MCKINLEY PUBLISHING CO. EDITED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION, composed of: PROF. HENRY JOHNSON, Teachers College, Columbia University, Chairman. PROF. FRED. M. FLING, University of Nebraska. MISS ANNA B. THOMPSON, Thayer Academy, South Brain- PROF. GEORGE C. SELLERY, University of Wisconsin. DEPARTMENTS. Reports from the Historical Field-WALTER H. CUSHING. Recent Historical Publications-CHARLES A. COULOMB. EVERY HIGH SCHOOL TEACHER OF HISTORY should inspect with a view to using in class work McKINLEY'S Illustrated Topics for Ancient and American History These topics comprise a comprehensive notebook system, including a durable, low-priced cover with Any teacher who has not inspected sample copies of these topics should write at once to the publishers 40 cents net. Dickson, Marguerite S. 162 pp. Pioneers and patriots in early American history [for children]. N. Y.: Macmillan. 157 pp. 40 cents net. Dunbar, Seymour. History of travel in America. In 4 vols. Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill Co. 1529 pp. (34 pp. bibl.). $10.00 net. Fairbanks, Edward T. The town of St. Johnsburg, Vt.; a review of one hundred twenty-five years. 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[In 2 parts.] N. Y.: The Academy. 215 pp. $1.50. American Acad. of Social and Political Science. Readjustments in taxation. Phila. The Academy. 271 pp. $1.00. Barnard, Alicia. Story of the Constitution of the United Howard, Dan. American history, government and institu The same features will mark the Session which have in the twenty-three years of its existence proved acceptable to thousands of public school teachers; a complete university plant, with ample libraries, laboratories, shops, gardens and farms, set in the beautiful lake country of Western New York,-facilities for study employed by fifty departments, in two hundred and fifty courses of instruction, covering all subjects of school curricula. For example, twenty courses in Chemistry; twenty in foreign languages; fourteen in English, including oral English and voice training. New movements in education are provided for-agriculture, domestic science, industrial and commercial education, physical culture, public school music. General lectures, concerts, excursions. Full Announcement by Writing Registrar of Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SUMMER SCHOOL, 1915 Will open for the twenty-first session July 5. Six weeks' course. Delightful location. The 175 courses offered will include eight in history, three of which are credited towards the degree of M. A. or Ph. D. Professor Brown will give two courses in American History and one in English History; Professor Jones, three courses in European History; Professor Sihler, a course in the Decline and Disintegration of the Roman Republic, and Professor Waters, a course in Ancient History. Other strong courses in Political Science are offered. For bulletin address, J. R. LOUGH, Director New York University Washington Square, New York City |