Periodical Literature EDITED BY GERTRUDE BRAMLETTE RICHARDS, PH.D. 66 "The American Economic Review" for March contains a most interesting article, Russian Land Reform," by Professor Ely, of Wisconsin. According to the author, while the results achieved by the new regime are disputable, there is a portion of the peasants forming a strong landowning class of farmers, economically independent, while another portion of the same class has deteriorated economically and constitutes the proletariat. "America's Obligation and Opportunity," by Prof. George Burton Adams ("Yale Review," April), is a strong and historically consistent plea for American intervention in behalf of the Allies in case the present war ends with the victory of the Germans. Professor Abbott's article on "War and American Democracy " in the same magazine urges that our democracy learn the lesson of preparedness. This issue also publishes a study of the personality of Charles Sumner by Gamaliel Bradford, which is full of delightful glimpses of the character of the noted states man. "A New West," by James Middleton ("World's Work" for April), with its splendid illustrations, is a careful study of the vast resources of the West and of the importance of this section in national affairs. The "Revue des Deux Mondes" for March has some interesting extracts from the journal of Mlle. Valirie Masuyer on "The Queen Hortense and Prince Louis." Herbert Adams Gibbon's "An Ancient Village on the Marne" ("Harper's ") is a charming account of ChateauThiery, its antiquities and manners. "The Greek King and the Present Crisis," by Stanton Leeds ("Century "), is more or less a defence of Constantine I and his policy in the Balkans. The same magazine publishes a thought-inspiring article by Robert McCormick, "Ripe for Conquest," which gives a new idea of the meaning of preparedness. "The Legal Status of Negro-White Amalgamation in the United States," by Albert E. Jenks, of the University of Minnesota ("American Journal of Sociology "), is of interest to students of institutions as well as to students of sociology. Stanley Washburn, special correspondent of the "London Times," with the Russian armies, writes on "" 'Russia's Contribution to the War" in the April "Review of Reviews." This country's contribution, according to Mr. Washburn, has been the keeping of the German armies employed in the East, and thus lessening the danger to Paris. The 'great retreat" of January and February, 1915, was of great strategic value, not only by gaining valuable time for the Allies in the West, but opening the campaign in the Baltic provinces and dragging the German armies away from their base of supply. persistent and ofttimes intemperate propaganda" has gained converts for the German cause. Dr. James J. Walsh discusses "Cervantes, Shakespeare and Some Historical Backgrounds" in "The Catholic World" for April. James Baikie's "The Cradle of Civilization" in the current number of "The National Geographic Magazine" gives some remarkable illustrations of the Tigris-Euphrates valley. Reports from The Historical Field The journal "History," heretofore published privately in London, has been taken over by. the Historical Association. The details of the new arrangements have not yet reached us. We are glad to learn that the Association will thus become possessed of an organ, and that the periodical will obtain a definite constituency. An historical society of East and West Baton Rouge (Louisiana) was organized on Saturday, March 11. General John McGrath was chosen president; Mrs. Harriet Magruder, vice-president, and Prof. M. L. Bonham, Jr., secretary-treasurer. "A History of Economic Doctrines," by Charles Gide and Charles Rist, has been translated from the second French edition by R. Richards (Boston, D. C. Heath & Co., 1915). The account begins with the Physiocrats, and then discusses in succession Adam Smith, the Pessimists (Malthus and Ricards), Sismondi, Saint-Simon, the Associative Socialists, List and the Nationalists, Proudhon, the Optimists, the Classical School (J. S. Mill), the Historical School, State Socialism, Marxism, Christian Socialists, the Hedomists, the Rent Theorists, the Solidarists, and the Anarchists. The Mississippi Valley Historical Review" for March, 1916, contains the following papers: "The Loyalists in West Florida and the Natchez District," by Wilbur H. Siebert; "Early Negro Deportation Projects" by Henry N. Sherwood; "Pioneer Anti-Slavery Press," by Asa E. Martin; Recent Historical Activities in the Trans-Mississippi Southwest," by Walter L. Fleming. The documents consist of papers relating to the consular service of the United States in Latin-America. "The Anti-Prohibition Manual for 1916" has recently been issued by the Publicity Department of the National Wholesale Liquor Dealers' Association of America, Cincinnati, O. It contains an ingenious selection of material against prohibition, including references to Washington and Lincoln, as well as a number of living statesmen. The preparation of college students for work in the Americanization of Foreigners has occupied the attention of the officials of the United States Bureau of Education. A recent syllabus outlining "Professional Course for Service Among Immigrants" has been prepared for college use. The Bureau possesses a distinct Division of Immigrant Education. Dr. F. E. Farrington, of this Division, states: "American colleges and universities are more and more awakening to the necessity of touching modern life on its dynamic side; of inspiring and initiating social progress, and of training leaders in the work of civic uplift. Here is a field which opens up almost limitless possibilities in the way of social service. One needs, however, a peculiar sympathy for and a specific knowledge of the foreigner, appreciation of his limitations and his possibilities, as well as a realization of what he can contribute to our economic, ethical, and spiritual progress when properly assimilated, and what grave dangers he can also bring if we fail to imbue him with our national ideals. The fields are already ripe unto the harvest, but trained and competent laborers are few. Letters have been received at the Bureau of Education lamenting the fact that evening school classes for foreigners have been given up on account of the lack of trained principals and teachers to handle this problem. "Upon our colleges and universities therefore, devolves the responsibility of preparing these workers, of giving them breadth of vision, and catholicity of purpose, in short of training them for their tasks." The American Historical Association offers each year, a prize of $200 for the best unpublished historical monograph. In the even years the prize is known as the Justin Winsor Prize, and is awarded for the best study based upon independent and original investigation in American history. In the odd years the prize is known as the Herbert Baxter Adams Prize, and is given for the best study upon European history. The details of the regulations concerning this prize may be obtained from Dr. Waldo G. Leland, secretary, the American Historical Association, 1140 Woodward Building, Washington, D. C., or from Prof. Carl R. Fish, University of Wisconsin, chairman of the Justin Winsor Prize Committee, or from Prof. Lawrence L. Larson, University of Illinois, chairman of the Herbert Baxter Adams Prize Committee. Bulletin No. 8, 1916, of the United States Bureau of Education is entitled, "Reorganization of the Public School System," by Frank S. Punker. The report gives a sketch of the history of efforts to reform the public schools on the basis of "A Functional Reorganization" and a sketch of recent discussion is given together with a detail analysis of recent practical efforts at reorganization. This is followed by a suggestive course of study arranged in three cycles. The cycles are arranged six years, three years, three years, or six years, four years, four years. In each an effort is made to adapt the methods of teaching and the subjects taught to the psychological and physiological stage of development of the pupils. For the first cycle the work in history should be biographical with few stories, but each one organized with interesting detail, concrete imagery, simple illustration, and human feeling. Historical stories when used should be closely connected with illustrated material such as wall maps, globes, blackboard sketches, outline maps, etc. For the second and third cycle the author adopts the plan in history outlined by Mr. William J. Cooper for the Berkeley (California) High School. (See HISTORY TEACHER'S MAGAZINE, Vol. 6, page 328.) At the meeting of the Jewish National Chautauqua Association in St. Louis on December 27, Dr. Abram Simon urged the study of Jewish history and Jewish literature in American universities. He pointed out that high school and university students are taught much of the literature of Greece and Rome, but the vast amount of Jewish literature since the close of the Bible remains only good for study in Jewish Sunday-schools. If Greek history or Roman literature can be taught sympathetically, why cannot a similar treatment be made of Jewish history? asked the speaker. and gained great success in pageant work. The first four numbers, January-April, 1916, contain various suggestions for the presentation of pageants illustrating Indiana history. Miss Beulah M. Garrard, of the Department of Secondary Education of the University of Wyoming, has issued an appeal in the Wyoming School Journal," Volume 12, Number 6, to the history teachers of the State of Wyoming, asking their assistance in furnishing information concerning history teaching throughout the State. The inquiry being made includes not only a series of questions to determine the actual facts of present history teaching, but it also calls for suggestions as to how the course of study in history could, with profit, be changed. Among the latter questions are the following: "If you could teach only one year of history, what would you teach and when? What would you teach and when, in a two, three, or four-year history course? What divisions do you think should be required? Would you require American history always? If so, what would you do with pupils in this class who had had no other history? Do you think history courses should be so taught that a pupil must have had a previous course to be able to enter the next one in the course, as in mathematics or English? If so, how can this be done in the teaching, and what are you going to do if all the courses are not required? Would this mean that all the courses would have to be required as in the other subjects mentioned? If you feel the need of more time for the study of any particular fields, can you suggest methods by which more time may be had?" Thomas F. Millard, editor of "The China Press," has a most suggestive article in the March Century," entitled, The Japanese Menace." In it he predicts war between Japan and the United tates in the near future, brought about by Japan in order to prevent her own financial ruin. "At present, and during the remainder of the great war, the United States is exposed more than usual to an attack by Japan. Japan, because of the war, is freed from immediate complications. Japan cannot much longer bear the burden of large armaments without courting bankruptcy. If Japan is ever to challenge this nation on the crucial issues that lie between them, this to her seems to be a god-sent occasion." The Rev. Professor Henry Browne, S.J., M.A., Oxford, etc., etc., of University College, Dublin, Ireland, has been "asked by the Educative Section of the British Association to visit the United States with a view to a report on the utility of museums for classical education." Professor Browne arrived in New York by the U. S. S. St. Paul on April 13, and, after lecturing in Columbia University on Greek music, left for Chicago and other points. He expects to be in Boston and Cambridge about May 1. The MAGAZINE hopes to print reports of Professor Browne's lectures, for if they are as helpful in putting teachers abreast of the very latest results of Homeric study, as are the successive editions of his handbook, we shall earn the gratitude of our readers by giving them the substance of the lectures. The South Dakota School of Mines has recently received the gift of the original of the first newspaper published in Alaska, entitled, "The Sitka Times." The paper was written in long hand and was first issued on Saturday, September 19, 1868, a little less than one year after the United States came into full possession of the territory. Photographic reproductions of the paper are published in the "Pahasapa Quarterly" for April, 1916 (Rapid City, S. D.). An interesting study of the relation of geography to early American history is shown in the brief study by T. Crockett and B. C. Wallis entitled, "North America During the Eighteenth Century; a Geographical History." (New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 75 cents.) A number of members of the graduating class in the East Carolina Teachers' Training School (Greenville, N. C.) have prepared a series of suggestions for the teaching of history in the primary grades. Among these are suggestions for dramatization, for the construction of historical material out of paper, for the organization of a pageant, and for the use of the sand table in primary history. These are printed in the "Training School Quarterly" (Greenville, N. C.), Vol. 2, pages 304 to 314. Celebrating Washington's birthday by a dramatization of Washington's life proved an excellent patriotic and pedagogical exercise for a class in the East Carolina Teachers' Training School, Greenville, N. C. The plans for the work are described in "The Training School Quarterly," Vol. 2, page 294. A bulky volume of nearly 1,200 pages contains the Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the Fifty-third Annual Meeting of the National Educational Association and of the International Congress on Education held at Oakland, Cal., October 16 to 27, 1916, together with the papers and addresses presented at the meeting of the Department of Superintendence at Cincinnati, February 23 to 27, 1916. The teacher of history will note the melancholy fact that the subject of history teaching is not mentioned in the index or in the table of contents, and if it is referred to in the 1,200 pages of the report it is practically impossible for the teacher to ascertain this fact. IN THE PRESS KNOWLTON AND HOWE'S Essentials in Modern European History This is a companion volume to Howe's Essentials in Early European History, now in wide use. With these two books teachers can carry out the recommendations of the Committee on Social Studies of the N. E. A. and make history teaching meet present-day needs. Write for full information. LONGMANS, GREEN & CO., Publishers 449 Fourth Avenue, New York 2457 Prairie Ave., Chicago, Ill. 120 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. BOOK REVIEWS EDITED BY PROFESSOR WAYLAND J. CHASE, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN. NIDA, STELLA H. Panama and Its Bridge of Water. Chicago: Rand, McNally & Co., 1915. Pp. 196. 50 cents. Designed as a reader for fourth and fifth grades, this sketches the history of the Panama section of Central America from Columbus' time to the year of the creation of the Canal Zone. Then with interesting narrative and many admirable pictures and maps, the various steps in the construction of the great waterway are traced. The concluding chapter describes the nation's celebration of its achievement at the Panama-Pacific Exposition. Indian apolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1915. Pp. 343. $1.50. This is not history, but description and prophecy. It treats especially of the problems which the people of Canada have yet to solve, those having to do with commerce, labor, immigration, utilization of natural resources, home government, relations with England, with the United States and with Japan. Its field of service is outside the range of high schools. HARMER, F. E. Select English Historical Documents of the Ninth and Tenth Centuries. Cambridge: The University Press. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1914. Pp. viii, 142. $1.75. This little book contains a careful edition of twentythree documents, giving first the text, then a translation (30 pages), next about 60 pages of notes, and finally an appendix which discusses the peculiarities of the Kentish, Mercian and Northumbrian dialects. For the history student there are frequent passages of great significance in this source-material-e.g., the sentence out of the will of Aethelred Earl of the Mercians, who married the daughter of King Alfred. "And further, I now give this estate of twelve hides at Stoke, to Cynulf, son of Ceoluht, for three lives, in return for sixty mancuses of pure gold-to be free from every due doth to king and earl and reeve, from every service small or great, except military service and the construction of fortresses and bridges and simple compensation to others, and nothing is to go out by way of wite." At times we wish, however, for a closer translation. Fuguldaeg in Document I is translated "flesh-day" instead of "fowl-day' or "bird-day," a distinction observed in our old phrase "neither fish, flesh, nor fowl." We feel also that the historical student should not lean too heavily upon the localization, as given, of dialectic pe culiarities. Thus there is a different opinion of the first peculiarity noted as one of the "Chief Mercian characteristics," namely 0 for a before nasals." On this point readers are referred to Richard Taxweiler's "Angelsächsi sche Urkundenbücher von kentischem Lokalcharakter," Berlin, 1906. A. H. KENNEDY AND H. L. CANNON. EVANS, HOWELL T. Wales and the Wars of the Roses. Cambridge: The University Press. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1915. Pp. 244. $3.00. This is a study based largely upon original documents and contemporary sources which have not been used ex tensively heretofore in a study of this period. Among these are the writings of the contemporary Welsh poets. The author devotes the first chapter to a discussion of the value of the contemporary Welsh literature as historical material. He rejects as inaccurate some of these writings heretofore used and prefers others, though he acknowledges they are prejudiced and must be used with caution. He seems to guard himself to an excess on page 154, when he gives two incidents; one, "If we can credit contemporary poetry; "the other, "The chronicler gives more specific details, if we can trust them." He uses this Welsh literature effectively to show that the red rose was the emblem of the Lancastrians in Wales long before the battle of Bosworth. He also gives one a clear understanding of the conditions and feelings in Wales which caused them to change sides frequently out of their sense of a national feeling. The first fourth of the book is taken up in creating a background for the history of the War of the Roses. There are three maps, seven genealogical tables, a bibliography and an index of persons and places. C. A. SMITH. University of Wisconsin. HOWE, FREDERIC C. Socialized Germany. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1915. Pp. 342. $1.50, net. Among the many books on Germany which have been published in the last year or two, this one stands out because of its practical application to America. Everyone is impressed by German military and industrial efficiency, and by the devotion of the German people to the Fatherland. Many wonder that they are so little dissatisfied with their government and display so little individualism. Mr. Howe explains all by stating that "Germany is more intelligently organized than the rest of the world," and that "the individual German receives more from society' than elsewhere. He says the war should make it clear to us that we ought to organize our own country better, not so much in the way of military preparedness as along the line of extending the work of the State, and spreading new ideas of its obligation to bring about economic, political and educational reforms. The author deprecates the lack of democracy and the growth of militarism in Germany, but commends the beneficent side of State activity. His first four chapters are devoted to a brief historical resume, a summary of his ideas, and a description of the governmental system, showing how the Junkers are able to rule Germany. Then he gives a survey of recent economic progress in Germany. Having given what amounts to a general introduction in about eighty pages, the author goes on to state the theories underlying State socialism and to describe the various State enterprises, including transportation facilities of all sorts, mines, forests, agricultural lands, insurance, etc. He then explains the work of the State in caring for the unemployed, providing special courts for laborers, social insurance and educational facilities of the most modern character, and in promoting the health of the people. Then follow several chapters dealing with what municipalities are doing to better conditions of life, and how they have gone into many different lines of business, even into buying and selling land needed for the future growth of the city. Mr. Howe shows that hard problems have been foreseen and efficiently met by the business men who govern the German cities. The whole book is an excellent exposition of the way the government (imperial, State, or muncipal) takes charge of many of the average German's activities, and helps him while giving him little political power. It shows clearly that German "State socialism is a natural outgrowth of feudalism." Mr. Howe has written a book that is thoroughly worth while, and should have a very wide circulation. Its lessons should be heeded. Every public library should have MUZZEY, DAVID SAVILLE. Readings in American History. Boston: Ginn & Co., 1915. Pp. xxvii, 594. $1.50. This volume is one of the series of texts and readings edited by Prof. J. H. Robinson, and compares favorably with the other volumes of the series in regard to general excellence. The material has been well selected and is arranged chapter by chapter to correspond with the author's text in American history. This arrangement, however, would not prevent its use as supplementary reading in connection with some other text. As the author says in his preface, the work is planned "to give the student a sense of the number and variety of sources-acts of Congress, decisions of courts, proclamations and messages of presidents, records of debates, party platforms, charters, pamphlets, memoirs, diaries, letters, plays, poems, etc., that are available for the illustration of American history." Of these various kinds of materials there are more letters than any other kind of material, followed, in point of numbers, by extracts from speeches, diaries, acts of Congress, messages, etc. These extracts include many documents which are probably not so familiar to the average teacher as well as such familiar material as Webster's Seventh of March and Bryan's Cross of Gold speeches and the diaries of John Quincy Adams and James K. Polk. Extracts from the platform of 1844, the original Liberal Republican movement, and the Progressives of 1912 are also given. POOLE, REGINALD LANE. Lectures on the History of the Papal Chancery, Down to the Time of Innocent III. Cambridge: The University Press. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1915. Pp. xvi, 211. $2.75. The critical study of papal documents has been carried on mainly by French and German scholars, and this is the first book on the subject published in English. Dr. Poole is especially fitted for the task, and has produced a work of great value to specialists in medieval history. From his full and exact knowledge he has described the form of the documents, the methods by which they were prepared, and the extent to which they have been preserved. His preface and notes give full bibliographical references and discriminating estimates of the value of the work done by other scholars in the field. In the mass of technical details there are frequent obiter dicta which illuminate the general his BASSETT, JOHN SPENCER. The Life of Andrew Jackson. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916. Pp. xvi, 766. $3.00. This appeared first in 1911 in two volumes, and now is brought out in one, a more convenient form for the reader. The critical reviewers of the first edition agreed in declaring it an authoritative biography and a positive contribution to the subject, so that no careful student of Jackson's times can afford to neglect it. But very few changes have been made in this second edition, the most noteworthy being in the matter of the memorandum left by Nicholas Biddle of a conversation he had in 1829 with President Jackson. Here the change, one of punctuation, does not alter the author's original deductions from the document. Two errors of description of full page portraits of Jackson are corrected. Bradbeer, William W. Confederate and southern state currency. Mt. Vernon, N. Y. [the author, 165 N. Fulton Ave.]. 162 pp. $3.50; to libraries, $3.00. Cope, Alexis. The 15th Ohio Volunteers and its campaigns, war of 1861-1865. Columbus, O.: The author. 796 pp. $3.00. Freducci, Conte di Ottomaño. Postolan atlas, Conte di Ottomaño Freducci, MCCCCCXXX 7. N. Y.: [Hispanic Soc. of Am.]. 5 p. + 4 charts. $12.00. Huston, A. J., compiler. A check list of Maine local histories. Portland, Me.: [the compiler, 92 Exchange St.] 44 pp. 50 cents. Millbury, Mass. Centennial history of the town of Millbury, Mass. Millbury. Mass.: The Town. 814 pp. $3.50. Philhower, Charles A. Brief history of Chatham, Morris Co., N. J. N. Y. and Chic.: Lewis Hist. Pub.. 52 pp. 75 cents. Riggs, Eleanor E. An American History. N. Y.: Macmillan. 526 pp. (bibls.) $1.00, net. Ancient History. Ashley, Roscoe L. Early European civilization. N. Y.: Macmillan. 708 pp. $1.50, net. Bedale, Charles L. Sumerian tablets from Umma in the John Rylands Library at Manchester. N. Y.: Longmans. 16 pp. 9 pl. $1.75, net. John Rylands Library, Manchester, England. Catalogue of the Greek papyri in the library. Vol. 2, Documents of the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, Nos. 62-456. N. Y.: Longmans. 23 pp. $6.75, net. Riviere, Rev. J. The expansion of Christianity in the first three centuries. St. Louis: Herder. 127 pp. 50 cents, net. British historical and political orations from the XII to the XX Century. N. Y.: Dutton. 351 pp. 35 cents, net. Froude, Jas. A. Short studies on great subjects. In 2 vols. (Everyman's Library.) N. Y.: Dutton. Each 35 cents, net. Barker, Ernest. The submerged nationalities of the German Empire. N. Y.: Oxford Univ. 64 pp. 25 cents, net. Bell, A. F. G. Portugal of the Portuguese. N. Y.: Scribner. 268 pp. $1.50, net. Benezet, L. F. The story of the map of Europe. Chicago: Scott Foresman. 277 pp. 60 cents. Hannah, Ian Campbell. Armes and the map; a study of nationalities and frontiers. N. Y.: G. A. Shaw. 261 pp. $1.25, net. Mignet, François A. M. A. History of the French Revolution from 1789-1814. (Everyman's Library.) N. Y.: Dutton. 375 pp. 35 cents, net. Schevill, Ferdinand. The making of modern Germany. Chicago: McClurg. 259 pp. (3 pp. bibl.). $1.25, net. Young, Arthur. Travels in France 1787, 1788. 1789. (Everyman's Library.) N. Y.: Dutton. 373 pp. 35 cents, net. American Jewish Committee. The Jews in the eastern war zone. N. Y.: [The Committee, 356 Second Ave.] 102 Maps, plans, etc. N. Y.: T. Nelson & Sons. 88 pp. 50 cents. Belgium and Germany. Texts and documents. N. Y.: T. Nelson & Sons. 132 pp. 25 cents. Bernstein, Eduard. American opinions of the world war; as seen by a German. N. Y.: Am. Asso. for Internat. Concil. 28 pp. Bingham, Alfred, editor. Handbook of the European War, Vol. 2. White Plains, N. Y.: H. W. Wilson Co. 304 pp. $1.00, net. Davenport, Briggs. A history of the great war, 1914. N. Y.: Putnam. 545 pp. $2.00, net. Fisher, Herbert A. L. The British share in the war. N. Y.: T. Nelson & Sons. 28 pp. 5 cents. Gibbons, Herbert A. The blackest page in modern history; events in America in 1915. N. Y.: Putnam. 71 pp. 75 cents, net. Nyström, Anton. Before. during and after 1914. N. Y.: The imperial impulse. N. Y.: Century Smith, Thomas F. A. What Germany thinks. N. Y.: Doran. 336 pp. $1.25, net. Thayer, William R. Germany vs. civilization. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin. 238 pp. $1.00. Wile, Frederick W. The assault; Germany before the outbreak and England in war-time. Indianapolis: Bobbs Merrill. 414 pp. $1.50, net. Gibbons, Herbert A. The foundation of the Ottoman Empire (1300-1403). N. Y.: Century Co. 379 pp. (44 pp. bibls.). $3.00, net. McCabe, Joseph. Crises in the history of the Papacy; a study of twenty famous popes. N. Y.: Putnam. 459 pp. $2.50, net. Snorri, Steerluson. Heimskringla; the Olaf sagas. (Every. man's Library.) N. Y.: Dutton. 420 pp. 35 cents, net. Willibald, presbyter. The life of S. Boniface. Translated into English by Geo. W. Robinson. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. 114 pp. (6 pp. bibls.). $1.15, net. |